Grabbing and holding objects at the microscale is a complex function, even for microscopic living animals. Inspired by hominid-type hand, equivalent able to catch microelements engineered. This microhand light sensitive can be either remotely controlled optical illumination or act autonomously grab small particles on basis of their properties. Since energy delivered optically, without need wires batteries, artificial hand shrunk down micrometer scale. Soft material used, in particular,...

Abstract The miniaturization of robots and actuators down to the micrometer length scale constitutes a fascinating technological challenge. Their development faces fabrication issues due small dimensions their design must take into account how physics laws behave on those scales. Last but not least, major issue is energy delivery management. In this scenario, light emerges as versatile tool for and, even more importantly, an source. Optically driven micromachines—in which optical stimuli can...

Worldwide research in microrobotics has exploded the past two decades, leading to development of microrobots propelled various manners. Despite significant advances field and successful demonstration a wide range applications, have yet become preferred choice outside laboratory environment. After introducing available microrobotic propulsion control mechanisms, that are manufactured powered by light focused herein. Referring pioneering works recent interesting examples, is presented not only...

Abstract Traditional robots are machines programmed to accomplish tasks, thanks a complex ensemble of sensors connected computer “brain” which elaborate signals drive specific actions. This network suffers from limitations—the need for central computer, instance, poses limit device miniaturization and requires large amount energy. A promising development, made possible by recent advances in material science, endeavors new generation soft that multifunctional, compliant, autonomous ways...

Abstract Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators made from dielectrics like glass or polymers have outstanding optical properties huge cavity quality ( Q ) factors which can be achieved on scales compatible with on-chip integration. However, tunability of these resonances is typically difficult to achieve not suitable for robust device applications. We report here the fabrication polymeric micro-goblet WGM an optically controlled and stable reversible over a large spectral range. This by...

Polymeric matrices offer a wide and powerful platform for integrated photonics, complementary to the well-established silicon photonics technology. The possibility integrate, on same chip, different customized materials allows many functionalities, like ability dynamically control spectral properties of single optical components. Within this context, Article reports fabrication characterization photonic circuits telecom C-band, made combination both rigid tunable elastic polymers. By using...

Abstract Photonic crystals owe their multitude of optical properties to the way structure creates interference effects. It is therefore possible influence photonic response by acting on physical structure. In this article, tunable made elastic polymers that respond environment are explored, in particular with a deformation under temperature variation. This feedback process which depends its structure, itself influenced environmental changes. By using multi‐photon polymerization specifically...

The cross-linking density controls light induced deformation dynamics in liquid crystalline networks. A double stripe system featuring different crosslinking densities affords non reciprocal and asymmetric millisecond movements at the microscale.

Materials of which the optical response is determined by their structure are much interest both for fundamental properties and applications. Examples range from simple gratings to photonic crystals. Obtaining control over crucial importance in this context, it often attempted electro-optical effect or using magnetic fields. In paper, we introduce use light switch tune a structured material, exploiting physical deformation induced itself. new strategy, drives an elastic reshaping, leads...

Abstract Polymer photonics explores manufacturing of polymeric materials in order to create devices for light manipulation at the nanoscale. Available lithographic techniques give access a truly 3D shaping, which can replicate computer‐aided designs by several methods. Among them, direct laser writing enables nanoscale precision fabrication. This platform allows integration advanced reconfigurable elements, whose shape and refractive index be precisely controlled external stimuli. Progress...

The problem of utilizing a laser beam as an information vehicle and dividing it into different channels is open in the telecommunication field. switching signal ports has been demonstrated, to date, by employing complex devices mechanisms such electro optic effect, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirrors, or liquid crystal-based spatial light modulators (SLMs). We present here simple device, namely mirror held crystal elastomer (LCE) fibre, optically remotely driven steerer. In fact,...

The effects of the treatment cultured human and simian cells with Cadmium (Cd), a toxic carcinogenic metal, were first assayed on macromolecular synthesis. It was observed that DNA synthesis inhibited by Cd concentrations considerably lower than those inhibiting protein RNA Because necessary occurrence resynthesis step during excision repair process, consequences exposure to ulteriorly tested different parameters measuring after ultraviolet (UV) damage. UV-induced unscheduled (UDS) found 2-3...

An increasing interest in tunable photonic structures is growing within the community. The usage of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer (LCE) micro-scale has been motivated by potential to remotely control their properties. In order design elastic with a three-dimensional lithographic technique, an analysis different mixtures used micro-printing process required. Previously reported LCE microstructures suffer damage and strong swelling as limiting factor resolution. this article, we detailed study...

Light represents a very versatile stimulus and its use to control the deformation in shape-changing polymers can take advantage of multiple parameters (such as wavelength, intensity polarization) be explored order obtain differentiated responses. Polymers with selected color responsiveness are commonly prepared by using different dyes, while polarization-dependent introduced exploiting trans-cis isomerization azobenzenes. As driven photothermal effect gaining more attention many application...

The development of new anticounterfeiting solutions is a constant challenge and involves several research fields. Much interest currently devoted to systems that are impossible clone, based on the physical unclonable function (PUF) paradigm. In this work, strategy electrospinning electrospraying dye-doped polymeric materials presented for manufacturing flexible free-standing films embed simultaneously different PUF keys. proposed can be used fabricate novel labels having three encryption...

Materials that can visually report changes in the surrounding environments are essential for future portable sensors monitor temperature and detect hazardous chemicals. Ideal responsive materials optical defined by a rapid response readout, high selectivity, ability to operate at room temperature, simple microfabrication. However, because of lack viable approaches, compact, passive, multipurpose practical devices still beyond reach. To address this challenge, we develop methodology fabricate...

The DNA ligase activity of monkey kidney CV-1 cells has heen measured at different stages culture growth and after time intervals following ultraviolet irradiation. Results indicate that: — level enzyme is about twice higher in non synchronous, rapidly dividing than confluent cultures. UV-irradiation induces a “de novo” synthesis ligase. This induction dose dependent its extent kinetics, may lead to UV-irradiated stationary cultures the same order as observed unirradiated exponentially...

Abstract Two‐photon direct laser writing enables the fabrication of shape‐changing microstructures that can be exploited in stimuli responsive micro‐robotics and photonics. The use Liquid Crystalline Networks (LCN) allows to realize 3D micrometric objects contract along a specific direction response stimuli, such as temperature or light. In this paper, free‐standing LCN is demonstrated graphical units smart tag for simple physical optical encryption. Using an array identical pixels,...

SUMMARY The rate of virus DNA synthesis and the production infectious are impaired in stationary monkey kidney CV-1 cells irradiated with u.v. before infection herpes simplex (HSV). inhibition HSV multiplication is due to u.v.-induced damage cell DNA. recover their capacity support growth during 40 48 h after irradiation, final yield enhanced by a factor 10. time course recovery similar that excision repair process occurring u.v.-irradiated mammalian cells. Caffeine, hydroxyurea...

Abstract The successful development of future photonic quantum technologies will much depend on the possibility realizing robust and scalable nanophotonic devices. These should include emitters like on‐demand single‐photon sources non‐linear elements, provided their transition linewidth is broadened only by spontaneous emission. However, conventional strategies to on‐chip integration, based lithographic processes in semiconductors, are typically detrimental coherence properties emitter....