A new polysaccharide (CMPB90-1) was isolated from cultured Cordyceps militaris by alkaline extraction. The chemical structure of CMPB90-1 determined analysis physicochemical and spectral data. backbone is composed (1→6)-linked α-d-glucopyranosyl (1→3)-linked residues, with branching at O-6, which consists (1→4)-linked β-d-mannopyranosyl respectively. β-d-Galactopyranosyl residues the terminal unit. In vitro immunomodulatory assay revealed that promoted proliferation splenic lymphocytes,...

The impact of cultivar resistance and inoculum density on the incidence primary infection canola root hairs by Plasmodiophora brassicae , causal agent clubroot, was assessed microscopy. hair in both a resistant susceptible increased with increasing density, but two‐ to threefold higher cultivar; relationship between also substantially stronger more consistent cultivar. In cultivar, rate peaked 6 8 days after sowing then declined. it over 14‐day duration each study. It appears that...

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae , has become a serious threat to canola ( Brassica napus ) production in western Canada. Experiments were conducted assess the effect of growing resistant and susceptible genotypes on P. soil resting spore populations under greenhouse, mini‐plot field conditions. One crop contributed 1·4 × 10 8 spores mL −1 experiments, 1 g gall Repeated cropping resulted greater mass compared lines. It also reduced plant height, increased clubroot severity...

Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, is an important soilborne disease of Brassica napus L. and other crucifers. To improve understanding the mechanisms resistance pathogenesis in clubroot pathosystem, rutabaga (B. subsp. rapifera Metzg) cultivars ‘Wilhelmsburger’ (resistant) ‘Laurentian’ (susceptible) were inoculated with P. pathotype 3A their transcriptomes analyzed at 7, 14, 21 days after inoculation (dai) RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Thousands transcripts significant...

Clubroot resistance derived from the oilseed rape/canola Brassica napus ‘Mendel’ has been overcome in some fields Alberta, Canada, by emergence of ‘new’ strains protist Plasmodiophora brassicae . Resistance to pathogen was assessed 112 doubled haploid ( DH ) lines, B. rapa subsp. rapifera (European clubroot differential ECD 04). The lines were evaluated against five single‐spore isolates representing ‘old’ pathotypes 2, 3, 5, 6 and 8, 15 field populations new P. disease severity index ID %)...

To mitigate the impact and dissemination of clubroot in western Canada, canola ( Brassica napus ) producers have relied on resistance traits. However, 2013 2014, new strains pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae , emerged that are virulent most clubroot‐resistant CR genotypes. Novel pathogen were inoculated onto two susceptible cultivars, one resistant line six cultivars. Although all cultivars/lines showed a response to inoculation with P. severity disease reaction, root hair infection rates...

Clubroot, a soil-borne disease caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, is threat to canola (Brassica napus L.) production in western Canada. Genetic resistance represents most effective tool manage this disease. However, given rapid spread of clubroot and emergence new virulent pathotypes P. brassicae, it important accelerate breeding effort. The advent genome-sequencing technologies has created toolbox that can aid strategies. Many genomic approaches, such as...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive and heterogeneous subtype of cancer, lacks effective treatment options. Sophora flavescens Aiton, Chinese medicinal plant, is often used in traditional medicine to treat cancer. Matrine (MAT) an alkaloid extracted from flavescens. It has good anticancer effects, thus can be explored as new therapeutic agent TNBC research. We performed bioinformatics analysis analyze the differentially expressed genes between normal tissues tissues,...

Abstract RNA activation mediated by small double‐stranded RNAs targeting promoter sequence named activating (saRNAs) is one of the mechanisms for gene activation. Artificial regulation expression through does not affect alteration genomic DNA sequences or exogenous plasmid DNA, therefore it a relative manageable approach perturbation. KLF4 member zinc‐finger transcription factors and its functions in colorectal cells are still controversial. In order to elucidate KLF4, we synthesized saRNAs...

Cordyceps militaris is widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine health supplement, and also in the development of anticancer agents. In our previous studies, it was revealed that C. fraction (CMF) possessed an antitumor effect against K562 cells vitro, induced apoptosis caused cell cycle arrest S phase. The published results demonstrated CMF-induced involved mitochondrial dysfunction. aim present study to investigate anti-invasion anti-metastasis effects CMF NCI-H1299 Lewis lung cancer...

Soybean (Glycine max) acreage on the Canadian Prairies has increased rapidly in recent years. Production expanded into semiarid regions where irrigation and drainage problems often result accumulation of salts soil. Fusarium avenaceum Rhizoctonia solani are two dominant pathogens disease complex that cause root rot seedling blight legume crops Prairies. The effects F. or R. combination with soil salinity soybean were evaluated under greenhouse mini-plot conditions. As expected, inoculation...

Abstract For transcriptome analysis, it is critical to precisely define all the transcripts across whole genome. More and more digital gene expression (DGE) scannings have indicated presence of huge amount novel in addition known models. However, almost these studies still depend crucially on existing annotation. Here, we present Gene2DGE, a Perl software package for model renewal with DGE data. We applied Gene2DGE mouse blastomere transcriptome, defined 98,532 read-enriched regions (RERs)...

Clubroot, caused by the obligate parasite Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of most devastating diseases canola (Brassica napus) in Canada. The identification novel genes that contribute to clubroot resistance important for sustainable management clubroot, as these may be used development resistant cultivars. Phospholipase As (PLAs) play roles plant defense signaling and stress tolerance, thus are attractive targets crop breeding. However, since an allopolyploid has multiple copies each PLA...

Clubroot, caused by the soilborne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, is an important disease of canola (Brassica napus) and other crucifers. The recent application RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies to study P. brassicae−host interactions has generated large amounts gene expression data, improving knowledge molecular mechanisms pathogenesis host resistance. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis been widely applied examine a limited number genes validate results RNA-seq studies, but may not be...