A5087125424- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Sleep and related disorders
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Mental Health Research Topics
Arizona State University
2015-2024
The University of Queensland
2022
Duke University Hospital
2014
Duke Medical Center
2013-2014
Center for Child and Family Health
2012-2013
Duke University
2013
University of Otago
2013
King's College London
2013
Singapore Eye Research Institute
2013
University of Missouri
2007-2011
Mental disorders traditionally have been viewed as distinct, episodic, and categorical conditions. This view has challenged by evidence that many are sequentially comorbid, recurrent/chronic, exist on a continuum. Using the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health Development Study, we examined structure of psychopathology, taking into account dimensionality, persistence, co-occurrence, sequential comorbidity mental across 20 years, from adolescence to midlife. Psychiatric were initially explained...
Recent reports show that fewer adolescents believe regular cannabis use is harmful to health. Concomitantly, are initiating at younger ages, and more using on a daily basis. The purpose of the present study was test association between persistent neuropsychological decline determine whether concentrated among adolescent-onset users. Participants were members Dunedin Study, prospective birth cohort 1,037 individuals followed from (1972/1973) age 38 y. Cannabis ascertained in interviews ages...
Objective: Despite a prevailing assumption that adult ADHD is childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, no prospective longitudinal study has described the childhoods of population. The authors report follow-back analyses cases diagnosed in adulthood, alongside follow-forward childhood, one cohort. Method: Participants belonged to representative birth cohort 1,037 individuals born Dunedin, New Zealand, 1972 and 1973 followed age 38, with 95% retention. Symptoms ADHD, associated clinical...
Childhood psychotic symptoms have been used as a subclinical phenotype of schizophrenia in etiological research and target for preventative interventions. However, recent studies cast doubt on the specificity these schizophrenia, suggesting alternative outcomes such anxiety depression. Using prospective longitudinal birth cohort we investigated whether childhood predicted diagnosis or other psychiatric disorders by 38 years age.Participants were drawn from 1037 children Dunedin, New Zealand,...
Despite the widespread belief that neuropsychological decline is a cardinal feature of progression from premorbid stage to chronic form schizophrenia, few longitudinal studies have examined change in functioning before after illness onset. The authors whether unique it generalized or confined particular mental functions, and individuals with schizophrenia also cognitive problems everyday life.Participants were members representative cohort 1,037 born Dunedin, New Zealand, 1972 1973 followed...
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether effect impulsive and callous personality traits on delinquent behavior varied across neighborhood context in a population-based, statewide sample 85,000 Iowa schoolchildren ages 10-19. Two previous studies examining association between impulsivity delinquency disadvantaged affluent neighborhoods have yielded contrasting findings. Results suggested robust moderating risk for delinquency. relation greater low collective efficacy...
Genome-wide hypothesis-free discovery methods have identified loci that are associated with heavy smoking in adulthood. Research is needed to understand developmental processes link newly discovered genetic risks adult smoking.To test how genome-wide association studies of influence the progression behavior from initiation through conversion daily smoking, nicotine dependence, and struggles cessation.A 38-year, prospective, longitudinal study a representative birth cohort.The Dunedin...
This study tested whether adolescents who used cannabis or met criteria for dependence showed neuropsychological impairment prior to initiation and decline from before after initiation.A longitudinal co-twin control study.Participants were 1989 twins the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of born in England Wales 1994 1995.Frequency use assessed at age 18. Intelligence quotient (IQ) was obtained ages 5, 12 Executive functions...
Microvascular abnormalities, specifically wider venules, were linked to a higher risk for psychosis symptoms in both adulthood and childhood, indicating possible distinguishing feature of schizophrenia that manifests early life.
After major policy changes in the United States, policymakers, health care professionals, and general public seek information about whether recreational cannabis use is associated with physical problems later life.To test associations between over 20 years a variety of indexes at early midlife.Participants belonged to representative birth cohort 1037 individuals born Dunedin, New Zealand, 1972 1973 followed age 38 years, 95% retention (the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health Development Study)....
Vaping nicotine (i.e., the use of e-cigarettes and similar devices to inhale nicotine) is becoming increasingly popular among young people. Though some vaporizers are capable vaporizing cannabis, sparse research has investigated this method cannabis administration. The present study examines prevalence correlates vaping in a sample 482 college students. Participants reported high lifetime rates (37%) (29%). Men (rs = 0.09, p .047) individuals from higher socioeconomic status families 0.14,...
Cannabis use is increasing among midlife and older adults. This study tested the hypotheses that long-term cannabis associated with cognitive deficits smaller hippocampal volume in midlife, which important because are risk factors for dementia.
Context: Women now represent nearly half of all individuals in treatment for pathological gambling (PG), but relatively little is known about the causes PG among women or potential sex differences PG.Objectives: To (1) investigate role genetic and environmental risk factors development disordered (DG) (2) determine extent to which DG differs quantitatively qualitatively from men.(Disordered refers full continuum gambling-related problems that includes disorder.)Design: Twin study.Setting:...
With the increasing legalization of cannabis, understanding consequences cannabis use is particularly timely. We examined association between and dependence, prospectively assessed ages 18-38, economic social problems at age 38. studied participants in Dunedin Longitudinal Study, a cohort (n=1,037) followed from birth to Study members with regular persistent dependence experienced downward socioeconomic mobility, more financial difficulties, workplace problems, relationship conflict early...
Background To our knowledge, there are no universal screening tools for substance dependence that (1) were developed using a population-based sample, (2) estimate total risk briefly and inexpensively by incorporating relatively small number of well-established factors, (3) aggregate factors simple algorithm. We created tool incorporates these features to identify adolescents at persistent in adulthood. Method Participants members representative cohort 1037 individuals born Dunedin, New...
Cannabis concentrates, which are cannabis plant extracts that contain high concentrations of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannbinol (THC), have become increasingly popular among adults in the United States. However, no studies reported on prevalence or correlates concentrate use adolescents, who, as a group, thought to be particularly vulnerable harms THC.Participants racially and ethnically diverse group 47 142 8th-, 10th-, 12th-grade students recruited from 245 schools across Arizona 2018. Participants...
Cross-sectional studies have found that obesity is associated with low intellectual ability and neuroimaging abnormalities in adolescence adulthood. Some interpreted these associations to suggest causes decline the first half of life course. We analyzed data from a prospective longitudinal study test whether becoming obese was childhood midlife. used ongoing Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health Development Study, population-representative birth cohort 1,037 children New Zealand who were followed...
Abstract Two major challenges to conducting a community-based twin study of pathological gambling (PG) disorder are that: (a) it is relatively rare, and (b) individuals with the in community may be difficult locate recruit. We describe new 4,764 recruited from Australian Twin Registry which we attempt effectively deal first challenge examine impact second challenge. The lifetime prevalence DSM-IV PG this sample was 2.2%, 400–500% higher than has been obtained surveys conducted United States....
Sex differences in the genetic and environmental influences on childhood conduct disorder adult antisocial behavior were examined a large community sample of 6,383 male, female, opposite-sex twins. Retrospective reports (prior to 18 years age) obtained when participants approximately 30 old, lifetime (antisocial after 17 8 later. Results revealed that either or shared factors influencing differed for males females (i.e., qualitative sex difference), but by adulthood, these sex-specific no...