A5030654040- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Dietary Effects on Health
Duke University
2016-2025
Swansea University
2025
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital
2024
King's College London
2006-2022
Trinity College
2022
University of Oslo
2022
Columbia University
2022
Wake Forest University
2022
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
2022
University of Exeter
2022
Objective: Despite a prevailing assumption that adult ADHD is childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, no prospective longitudinal study has described the childhoods of population. The authors report follow-back analyses cases diagnosed in adulthood, alongside follow-forward childhood, one cohort. Method: Participants belonged to representative birth cohort 1,037 individuals born Dunedin, New Zealand, 1972 and 1973 followed age 38, with 95% retention. Symptoms ADHD, associated clinical...
Measures to quantify changes in the pace of biological aging response intervention are needed evaluate geroprotective interventions for humans. Previously, we showed that quantification from a DNA-methylation blood test was possible (Belsky et al., 2020). Here, report next-generation biomarker Pace Aging, DunedinPACE (for Aging Calculated Epigenome).
<h3>Importance</h3> Mental health professionals typically encounter patients at 1 point in patients’ lives. This cross-sectional window understandably fosters focus on the current presenting diagnosis. Research programs, treatment protocols, specialist clinics, and journals are oriented to diagnoses, assumption that diagnosis informs about causes prognosis. study tests an alternative hypothesis: people with mental disorders experience many different kinds of across diagnostic families, when...
Biological aging is the gradual, progressive decline in system integrity that occurs with advancing chronological age, causing morbidity and disability. Measurements of pace are needed as surrogate endpoints trials therapies designed to prevent disease by slowing biological aging. We report a blood-DNA-methylation measure sensitive variation among individuals born same year. first modeled change-over-time 18 biomarkers tracking organ-system across 12 years follow-up n = 954 members Dunedin...
Children's intellectual development is influenced by both genetic inheritance and environmental experiences. Breastfeeding one of the earliest such postnatal Breastfed children attain higher IQ scores than not fed breast milk, presumably because fatty acids uniquely available in milk. Here we show that association between breastfeeding moderated a variant FADS2, gene involved control acid pathways. We confirmed this gene-environment interaction two birth cohorts, ruled out alternative...
The geroscience hypothesis posits that therapies to slow biological processes of aging can prevent disease and extend healthy years life. To test such "geroprotective" in humans, outcome measures are needed assess extension disease-free life span. This need has spurred development different methods quantify aging. But have not been systematically compared the same humans. We implemented 7 using repeated-measures physiological genomic data 964 middle-aged humans Dunedin Study (New Zealand;...
DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism involved in the developmental regulation of gene expression. Alterations are established contributors to inter-individual phenotypic variation and have been associated with disease susceptibility. The degree which changes loci-specific under influence heritable environmental factors largely unknown. In this study, we quantitatively measured across promoter regions dopamine receptor 4 (DRD4), serotonin transporter (SLC6A4/SERT) X-linked monoamine...
A previous study reported a gene x environment interaction in which haplotype the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) was associated with protection against adult depressive symptoms individuals who were maltreated as children (as assessed by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [CTQ]).To replicate between childhood maltreatment and TAT formed rs7209436, rs110402, rs242924 CRHR1, predicting depression.Two prospective longitudinal cohort studies.England New Zealand.Participants first...
A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) of more than 100,000 individuals identified molecular-genetic predictors educational attainment. We undertook in-depth life-course investigation the polygenic score derived from this GWAS using four-decade Dunedin Study ( N = 918). There were five main findings. First, scores predicted adult economic outcomes even after accounting for attainments. Second, genes and environments correlated: Children with higher born into better-off homes. Third,...
<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> DNA methylation algorithms are increasingly used to estimate biological aging; however, how these proposed measures of whole-organism aging relate in the brain is not known. We data from Alzheimer9s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring Cohort test association between blood-based cognitive impairment dementia older adults. <h3>Methods</h3> tested 3 "generations" age (first generation: Horvath Hannum clocks; second...
The genetic deletion of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A), an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine, produces aggressive phenotypes across species. Therefore, a common polymorphism in MAO gene (MAOA, Mendelian Inheritance Men database number 309850, referred to as high or low based on transcription non-neuronal cells) has been investigated externalizing behavioral clinical phenotypes. These studies provide evidence linking MAOA genotype violent...
<h3>Context</h3> Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental that in some cases accompanied by antisocial behavior. <h3>Objective</h3> To test if variations the catechol<i>O</i>-methyltransferase gene (<i>COMT</i>) would prove useful identifying subset of children with ADHD who exhibit <h3>Design</h3> Three independent samples composed 1 clinical sample and 2 birth cohort studies. <h3>Participants</h3> Participants were drawn from child psychiatry...
Abstract Crosstalk between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the comprising niche is critical for maintaining cell activities. Yet little evidence supports concept that HSCs regulate development of niche. Here, ability to directly endosteal was examined. Marrow isolated 48 hours after “stressing” mice with a single acute bleed or from control nonstressed animals. “Stressed” “nonstressed” were cocultured bone marrow stromal map mesenchymal fate. The data suggest are able guide...
Objective: DNA methylation has been proposed as an epigenetic mechanism by which early-life experiences become “embedded” in the genome and alter transcriptional processes to compromise health. The authors sought investigate whether victimization stress is associated with genome-wide methylation. Method: tested hypothesis that Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative 1994–1995 birth cohort of 2,232 twins born England Wales assessed at ages 5, 7, 10, 12, 18...
Multi-locus profiles of genetic risk, so-called "genetic risk scores," can be used to translate discoveries from genome-wide association studies into tools for population health research. We developed a score obesity results 16 published phenotypes in European-descent samples. then evaluated this using data the Atherosclerosis Risk Communities (ARIC) cohort GWAS sample (N = 10,745, 55% female, 77% white, 23% African American). Our 32-locus GRS was statistically significant predictor body...