ABSTRACT DRUM‐DRIED APPLE POMACE (DDAP), an edible by‐product from single pass metallic membrane ultrafiltration of apple puree, was examined for composition and utilization as a source sugar dietary fiber in bakery products. Total (TDF) freezc‐dricd pomace (FDAP) DDAP 35.29% 33.24%, respectively. the concentrate (APC), FDAP, 54.34, 46.26, 36.71%, Sensory evaluation demonstrated that experimental muffins with 50% (w/w) plain wheat bran substituted by powdered were significantly (p < 0.01)...

Summary A matrix acidizing system employing fluoboric acid (HBF4) has been developed to stimulate problem sandstone formations. The hydrolyzes generate hydrofluoric (HF), thus achieving deeper live-acid penetration. Laboratory tests also show that spent reacts with undissolved clay reduce cation exchange capacity greatly and render the insensitive incompatible fluids. Introduction Sandstone long used as a means of improving production oil. gas by removing formation damage increasing...

Abstract Field results indicate that the Jauf reservoir, a deep, high temperature illitic sandstone, is sensitive to conventional mud acid treatments. As result, an extensive study was performed better understand problem. The focus of this paper on core flow tests using various inorganic and organic preflushes (HCl – HF) systems. Interpretations are supported by chemical, XRD, SEM, Thin Section analyses. A detailed description mineralogy cores prior following treatment presented with...

Abstract Understanding the fundamental properties of macromolecules has enhanced development emerging technologies used to improve biomedical research. Currently, there is a critical need for innovative platforms that can illuminate function reagents in native environment. To address this need, we have developed an situ approach visualize dynamic behavior biomedically relevant at nanoscale. Newly designed silicon nitride devices containing integrated “microwells” were enclose active...

Abstract Since the mid-1990s use of HCl/HF at a weight ratio 9 to 1 has been used extensively in field operations minimize precipitation during sandstone acidizing. Although it was perceived as applying all secondary reactions, originally directed fluosilicates. Field case histories have reported support this recommendation. However, little evidence is available justify wt% HCl – HF (9-1 mud acid) 300°F temperature exhibited Jauf reservoir. Thus, laboratory study incorporating systems with...

ABSTRACT An improved gas‐chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of neutral sugars and uronic acids in hydrocolloids or industrial gums was developed. The procedure involved methanolysis with 0.5M methanolic HCl followed by trimethylsilylation. This simplified over other derivatization methods to make it suitable routine analysis polysaccharides which contain acids. usefulness this demonstrated commercially available hydrocolloids. described sensitive enough identify some...

LC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) is a powerful tool for quantifying target analytes in complex matrices. However, the technique lacks selectivity when plasma free metanephrines are measured. We propose use of multistage fragmentation (MRM(3)) to improve analytical metanephrine measurement.Metanephrines were extracted from weak cation exchange solid-phase extraction before separation by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. quantified normetanephrine and either MRM or...

ABSTRACT The functionality of membrane processed soy concentrate was very similar to flour in terms solubility and water hydration capacity. high emulsifying activity index is believed be reflective its higher solubility, while surface hydrophobicity responsible for an equally acid precipitated isolate. proteins seem have most their hydrophobic residues buried the interior, they are exposed Heating resulted a decrease but improved capacity both concentrate. essential amino profile comparable...

ABSTRACT A new process utilizing single pass metallic membrane ultrafiltration (UF) was developed to produce apple juice. Pureed whole apples were treated with cellulase and pectinase at 50°C for 2 hr, resulting in a 60% decrease viscosity. To obtain clarified juice, enzyme puree pumped through single‐pass, tubular system consisting of oxide formed‐in‐place on the porous structure sintered stainless steel tubes. Juice yields 80–85% obtained pass, gas chromatographic profiles ultrafiltered...

Soil samples from the A and B horizons of nine virgin profiles 2 two were analysed for organic phosphorus content. The represented five major soil zones Alberta. Organic extracted with HCl NaOH treatments was separated into three fractions using an anion exchange column. contained unidentified compounds, meso-inositol hexaphosphate a supposed isomer respectively.The compounds in proportion phosphorus. Of inositol measured, present larger quantities than meso form exception Hemaruka which...

Abstract Resin consolidation has been used as a sand control method since the early 1940s, most widely between 1960 and 1970, with varying degrees of success. Although, in recent years, total number resin treatments quite low compared to Frac-Pack, High Rate Water Pack, Conventional Gravel Pack treatments, interest steadily increasing because resins offer screenless alternative for completions, making them especially suitable thru-tubing recompletions. The success depends strongly on...

Abstract Consistent field results indicate fluoboric acid treatment effectively removes and prevents subsequent damage caused by migrating formation fines in gas wells located offshore Louisiana. Wells completed with inside casing gravel packs sometimes show rapid production decline following conventional mud treatments. This is often attributed to that migrate into restrict flow through gravel-packed perforations. Fluoboric acid, a retarded system, has been successfully used treat...

Abstract A new process has been developed that effectively diverts acid away from zones with high water saturation into hydrocarbon zones. This is designed to increase the success in matrix acidizing treatments. Because of relative permeability effect, aqueous predominantly enters zone highest saturation, resulting stimulation and an cut. Although foam can be used divert "aquifer" damaged oil zones, nitrogen not readily available some areas additional handling equipment required. non-...

ABSTRACT Binding of calcium ions to polysaccharides from two freshwater microalgae, Palmella texensis (UTEX 1708) and Cosmarium turpinii LB 1042) (PTP CTP, respectively), six industrial hydrocolloids was studied. The amount bound decreased with a decrease in pH below 6. Scatchard analysis showed that PTP, guar locust bean had low affinity one type binding site. Alginate the greatest (k= 1.31 × 10 6 ) among examined appeared have Gum arabic CTP types sites. order magnitude uronic acid each...

ABSTRACT The effect of removal phytate and phenolic compounds upon the in vitro digestibility soy protein isolates by trypsin pronase enzymes at pH 8.0 pepsin 2.0 was studied stat dialysis equilibrium methods, respectively. Phenolics‐reduced (PRSPI) phenolics‐reduced (PPRSPI) were both slightly more digestible than control (CSPI). 11S soy‐protein with 0.07% 7S 1.41% phytate. Kinetic studies indicated that differences probably due to accumulation end products rather stearic hindrance...

ABSTRACT Apple puree was treated with various amounts of commercial liquefaction enzyme (0%– 0.066%) for 2 hr at 50°C. To produce clarified juice purees were pumped through a metallic oxide membrane ultrafiltration system, consisting 3.27 ft (0.304 m ) coated internally onto l–1/4 inch (i.d.) × 10 (3.12 cm 3.04 m) sintered stainless steel tubing. All treatments reduced viscosity 70–80% within 1 but steady state flux increased higher concentrations enzyme. Alcohol insoluble solids (AIS) and...

Summary A laboratory and field study directed at improved well performance of horizontal wells is discussed. During the study, several were matrix acidized by use bullhead coiled tubing (CT) placement techniques in carbonate reservoirs. The indicates that acid placed with CT diverted foam, or a temporarily crosslinked gelled (TCGA) system, provides excellent zone coverage damage removal. Conventional do not result effective emphasizes evaluation treatment results development acidizing...

American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. Abstract A number commonly used stimulation clay stabilization treatments have been investigated using an improved more definite Scanning Electron Microscope technique. This technique involves photographing individual groups platelets within a sandstone specimen at high magnification the then chemically treating sample. Following treatment, same set is located again photographed under identical conditions framing...

A spin wave Doppler technique is used to measure the transfer velocity and current polarization in current-carrying (Ni0.80Fe0.20)1−xGdx alloy wires. Reduced magnetization values with Gd doping suggest possible increases velocity. Contrary these expectations, we measured a decrease upon introducing dopants. For density of 1011 A/m2, velocities range from 6.0 m/s ± 0.6 for pure Permalloy (Ni0.80Fe0.20) 2.6 0.3 (Ni0.80Fe0.20)0.945Gd0.055. Interpretation yields ranging 0.71 0.02 0.30 0.01 same...

Abstract A novel non-particulate, non-foam diverting agent was developed to improve zone coverage during matrix stimulation of carbonate reservoirs. Typically the treating fluid flows into thief zone/s high water-saturation and/or higher permeability sections. Higher water cut often results due over-treating zones and inadequate treatment hydrocarbon bearing zones. Although foam has been used successfully in acid from aquifer damaged oil zones, limited nitrogen availability some areas...