A5010405680- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Lymphatic System and Diseases
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Dietary Effects on Health
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Heat shock proteins research
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods
- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
University of California, San Francisco
2022-2024
University College London
2018-2022
University of Cambridge
2020-2022
MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology
2018-2022
Wellcome/MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute
2020-2022
Université Paris Cité
2016-2018
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2016-2018
Institut Jacques Monod
2018
Délégation Paris 5
2016
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2016
Repairing tears in the nuclear envelope The segregates genomic DNA from cytoplasm and regulates protein trafficking between cytosol nucleus. Maintaining integrity during interphase is considered crucial. However, Raab et al. Denais show that migrating immune cancer cells experience frequent transitory ruptures when they move through tight spaces (see Perspective by Burke). reseals rapidly interphase, assisted components of ESCRT III membrane-remodeling machinery. Science , this issue pp. 359...
Cell fate transitions are frequently accompanied by changes in cell shape and mechanics. However, how cellular mechanics affects the instructive signaling pathways controlling is poorly understood. To probe interplay between shape, mechanics, fate, we use mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which change as they undergo early differentiation. We find that regulated a β-catenin-mediated decrease RhoA activity subsequent plasma membrane tension. Strikingly, preventing tension results...
In development, lineage segregation is coordinated in time and space. An important example the mammalian inner cell mass, which primitive endoderm (PrE, founder of yolk sac) physically segregates from epiblast (EPI, fetus). While molecular requirements have been well studied, physical mechanisms determining spatial between EPI PrE remain elusive. Here, we investigate mechanical basis sorting. We find that rather than differences static surface parameters as classical sorting models, it...
Membrane tension is thought to be a long-range integrator of cell physiology. has been proposed enable polarity during migration through front-back coordination and protrusion competition. These roles necessitate effective transmission across the cell. However, conflicting observations have left field divided as whether membranes support or resist propagation. This discrepancy likely originates from use exogenous forces that may not accurately mimic endogenous forces. We overcome this...
Highlights•Fast-moving cells in 3D matrix establish low membrane tension at the rear•Caveolae form response to and recruit GEF Ect2•Ect2 activates RhoA promote F-actin organization rear retraction•Positive feedback between contractility reinforces retractionSummaryIn development, wound healing, cancer metastasis, vertebrate move through interstitial matrix, responding chemical physical guidance cues. Protrusion cell front has been extensively studied, but retraction phase of migration cycle...
Abstract Emergent physical properties of tissues are not readily understood by reductionist studies their constituent cells. Here, we show molecular signals controlling cellular, physical, and structural collectively determine tissue mechanics lymph nodes, an immunologically relevant adult tissue. Lymph nodes paradoxically maintain robust architecture in homeostasis yet continually poised for extensive expansion upon immune challenge. We find that murine models challenge, cytoskeletal a...
Early-life stress experiences can produce lasting impacts on organismal adaptation and fitness. How transient elicits memory-like physiological effects is largely unknown. Here, we show that early-life thermal strongly up-regulates tsp-1 , a gene encoding the conserved transmembrane tetraspanin in C. elegans . TSP-1 forms prominent multimers stable web-like structures critical for membrane barrier functions adults during aging. Increased abundance persists even after heat stress. Such...
Changes in cell shape and mechanics frequently accompany fate transitions. Yet how affects the regulatory path-ways controlling is poorly understood. To probe interplay between shape, fate, we used embryonic stem (ES) cells, which spread as they undergo early differentiation. We found that this spreading regulated by a beta-catenin mediated decrease plasma membrane tension. Strikingly, preventing tension obstructs differentiation of ES cells. further find blocking inhibits endocytosis FGF...
In development, lineage segregation of multiple lineages must be coordinated in time and space. An important example is the mammalian inner cell mass (ICM), which primitive endoderm (PrE, founder yolk sac) physically segregates from epiblast (EPI, foetus). The physical mechanisms that determine this spatial between EPI PrE are still poorly understood. Here, we identify an asymmetry cell-cell affinity, a mechanical property thought to play significant role tissue sorting other systems,...
In migrating cells, the GTPase Rac organizes a protrusive front, whereas Rho contractile back. How these GTPases are appropriately positioned at opposite poles of cell is unknown. Here we leverage optogenetics, manipulation mechanics, and mathematical modeling to reveal surprising long-range mutual activation front back polarity programs that complements their well-known local inhibition. This rooted in two distinct modes mechanochemical crosstalk. Local Rac-based protrusion stimulates side...
Membrane tension is thought to be a long-range integrator of cell physiology. This role necessitates effective transmission across the cell. However, field remains strongly divided as whether membranes support or resist propagation, in part due lack adequate tools for locally manipulating membrane tension. We overcome these limitations by leveraging optogenetics generate localized actinbased protrusions while concurrently monitoring propagation using dual-trap optical tweezers. Surprisingly,...
Abstract Oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is essential for all eukaryotic cells yet generates hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ), a reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ER-transmembrane that provides reducing equivalents to ER and guards cytosol antioxidant defense remains unidentified. Here we combine AlphaFold2-based functional reporter screens C. elegans discover previously uncharacterized evolutionarily conserved ERGU-1 fulfills these roles. Deleting causes excessive H...
Human body odor is produced when sweat-secreted compounds are metabolized by bacteria present on the skin. The resulting volatile mixture often negatively perceived, motivating use of personal cosmetic deodorants. Yet may also be positively perceived in some contexts, and proposed to play a role sexual attraction, kin identification social bonding. Because only human smellers can report hedonic qualities odor, their persceptions valualbe complement modern GC-MS-based quantitative chemical...
Early-life stress experiences can produce lasting impacts on organismal adaptation and fitness. How transient elicits memory-like physiological effects is largely unknown. Here we show that early-life thermal strongly up-regulates
In development, wound healing and cancer metastasis vertebrate cells move through 3D interstitial matrix, responding to chemical physical guidance cues. Protrusion at the cell front has been extensively studied, but retraction phase of migration cycle is not well understood. Here we show that fast moving guided by matrix cues establish positive feedback control rear sensing membrane tension. We reveal a mechanism in durotaxis controlled caveolae, which form response low tension rear....
Abstract Emergent physical properties of tissues are not readily understood by reductionist studies their constituent cells. Here, we show molecular signals controlling cellular properties, collectively determining tissue mechanics lymph nodes, an immunologically-relevant, adult mammalian tissue. Lymph nodes paradoxically maintain robust architecture in homeostasis yet continually poised for extensive expansion upon immune challenge. We find that following challenge, cytoskeletal a meshwork...
Abstract Emergent physical properties of tissues are not readily understood by reductionist studies their constituent cells. Here, we show molecular signals controlling cellular properties, collectively determining tissue mechanics lymph nodes, an immunologically-relevant, adult mammalian tissue. Lymph nodes paradoxically maintain robust architecture in homeostasis yet continually poised for extensive expansion upon immune challenge. We find that following challenge, cytoskeletal a meshwork...
SUMMARY How growing cells cope with size expansion while ensuring mechanical integrity is not known. In walled cells, such as those of microbes and plants, growth viability are both supported by a thin rigid encasing cell wall (CW). We deciphered the dynamic mechanisms controlling surface assembly during growth, using novel sub-resolution microscopy approach to monitor CW thickness in live rod-shaped fission yeast cells. found that polar yielded thinning, negatively influenced growth....