The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not "self‐construals" (Markus & Kitayama, 1991) are an aspect culture that accounts for the perceived importance conversational constraints. To spell out way in which influences communication styles, we developed a mediation model. model assumes constraints is determined by values, e.g., independent versus interdependent self‐construals, and values (self‐construals) part culture. Participants were 972 undergraduates studying Korea, Japan,...

Self-construal is thought to mediate and explain the effects of culture on a wide variety outcome variables. A meta-analysis published cross-cultural self-construal research reported in this article, results across studies suggests that evidence for predicted cultural differences weak, inconsistent, or nonexistent. The 3 priming experiments (N = 121, N 99, 361) suggest (a) does not account inconsistent observed meta-analysis, (b) scores scale appear be measuring trait-like constructs are...

This study investigated willingness of Americans, Koreans, and Japanese to register as organ donors using the theory planned behavior. Although previous research showed that attitude toward donation communication with family predicted behaviors for respondents in United States, these variables were also significant Japan Korea. Perceived behavioral control intention participants whereas knowledge about was associated reluctance Koreans. Spiritual connection concern shown be causal factors...

Weight-based cyberbullying is prevalent among youth and adolescents can have lasting negative psychological effects on the victims. One way to combat these through modeling dissenting behavior. When a bystander challenges bully or supports victim, this models In study, 181 participants were exposed message manipulations posted Facebook page aimed at testing conformity effect, dissenter effect in response enactment of weight-based bullying. common social media site where reported. Results...

Chinese international students (CIS) in American universities encounter serious mental health issues, and they also underutilize campus care services. The current study examined several factors which result this phenomenon, such as face concerns, self-stigma of seeking help for services, well English proficiency language discrimination. A survey with 433 CIS multiple U.S. was conducted to analyze the relationships between these above, help-seeking intentions, problems (depression anxiety)....

Two studies investigated why vegan stigma occurs and people who eat meat are often unaccepting of vegans. Study 1 measured based on Link Phelan’s (2001) model proposed that the communal food hypothesis provides a partial explanation for stigma. revealed la

Black women suffer more complications and birthing harms compared to other race-ethnic groups. Even when equity initiatives are implemented, many families choose work with a doula reduce linked obstetric racism. Most doulas described their role as helping have the kind of birth they want; however, problems experience in communicating team members not well understood. Situated interprofessional communication model, this study asked fifty respond two open-ended questions about experiences care...

A large number of previous studies have used self-construal to predict communication outcomes. Recent evidence, however, suggests that validity problems may exist in measurement. The current study conducted a multimethod multitrait (Campbell & Fiske, 1959) validation measures with data (total N= 578) collected Korea (N= 200), Japan 212), and the U.S. 166). showed Singelis (1994) Self-Construal Scale, Cross, Bacon, Morris (2000) Relational Interdependent Scale (RISC), Kuhn McPartland (1954)...

Body-size stigma is a well-documented phenomenon, particularly for large bodies (Puhl & Brownell, 2003), but few studies have investigated the features of body-related communication. This article uses Smith's (2007a) communication framework to analyze descriptions male and female various sizes their content. Analyses reveal that elements appeared in 46.5% comments across all bodies. The most common were severe labeling negative comparison body ideals. stigmatized was body; second very small...

This introductory essay provides an update of the state stigma research. Following this, overview six studies included in this issue is presented.

Abstract Respondents ( N = 224) read 1 of 4 scenarios: a heavy smoker, moderate an occasional or nonsmoker diagnosed with lung cancer. Results showed that smokers cancer received more blame than did nonsmokers. Nonsmokers assigned to tobacco companies and cigarette advertising made negative attributions about victims. high in smoking‐cessation efficacy This study suggests is stigmatized because the widely held belief it preventable. Interventions must encourage be vigilant their health, know...

Abstract Background For many years in the United States, there has been an active discussion about whether race concordance between care providers and patients contributes to better health outcomes. Although beneficial provider–patient communication effects have associated with concordance, is minimal evidence for benefits Methods A cross‐sectional survey was conducted including 200 Black mothers who had given birth within last 2 asking perceived racial identity of their provider, they...

Based on a three‐dimensional model of self‐construal (independent, collective interdependent, and relational interdependent self‐construal), the present study investigated whether systematically related to exchange communal orientation with data (357 participants) collected in Taiwan ( N = 178) USA 179). United States participants scored significantly higher all scales except for self‐construal. Females exhibited scores orientation. As predicted, independent was However, contrast what...

Stigma research is hampered by lack of consensus about the number dimensions making up stigma construct and what these measure. Two studies were conducted testing dimensionality stigma. Using 105 items proposed to measure in previous research, first study ( N = 307) an exploratory factor analysis using maximum likelihood method extraction. Results supported five factors that designated as labeling, negative attribution, separation, status loss, controllability. factors, a second 263)...

Memorable messages about body size can have profound negative psychological and emotional effects on image personal health. We found that both men women recalled more than positive memorable their appearance size. Participants who reported receiving also revealed stronger current dissatisfaction poorer self-image participants messages. received comments described own using metaphors. Negative often occurred in front of third parties expressed approval for the message, sometimes form...

Returning to work poses a challenge new mothers' breastfeeding success during the first 6 months postpartum. While previous research has shown that breastfeeding-related workplace policy plays significant role in women's decision continue breastfeeding, extent which interpersonal factors such as coworkers' (lack of) support and stigma affect behavior is less understood. Through cross-sectional survey with 500 working mothers, this found female coworker of other women played an important...

This project examined both quantitative and qualitative data about how American domestic undergraduates perceived Chinese international students’ (CISs) reticence face concerns. A quasi-experimental design ratings of a fictional CIS described in scenarios demonstrated that the reticent was rated as more typical, less likable, socially-approved. thematic analysis impression CISs suggested: 1) some Americans stigmatized due to their poor English classroom; 2) others were open-minded approach...

Background: Breastfeeding has become the recognized standard for good parenting, with social costs not breastfeeding, but every mother wants to or is able breastfeed. Objectives: This study investigated and personal no breastfeeding. Materials Methods: An in-depth survey was conducted 250 mothers infants who were Situated in Framework Integrating Normative Influences on Stigma model stigma, analyzed internalized stigma perception of from others, maternal feelings warmth infant, hiding...

This paper offers a critical rejoinder in the discussion concerning viability of self-construal scales. It is our contention that existing data reported previous article (Levine et al., 2003) and elsewhere are more than sufficient to justify conclusion self-report scales purporting measure interdependent independent self-construals as 2 orthogonal constructs lack validity. The arguments contrary offered by Gudykunst Lee (2003) Kim Raja disputed. Additional (N = 1,013) show neither age,...