Hydrogen is currently receiving attention as a possible cross-sectoral energy carrier with the potential to enable emission reductions in several sectors, including hard-to-abate sectors. In this work, techno-economic optimization model used evaluate competitiveness of time-shifting electricity generation using electrolyzers, hydrogen storage and gas turbines fueled part transition from current system future systems Years 2030, 2040 2050. The incorporates an emissions cap ensure gradual...

The concept of techno-economic pathways is used to investigate the potential implementation CO2 abatement measures over time towards zero-emission steelmaking in Sweden. following mitigation are investigated and combined three pathways: top gas recycling blast furnace (TGRBF); carbon capture storage (CCS); substitution pulverized coal injection (PCI) with biomass; hydrogen direct reduction iron ore (H-DR); electric arc (EAF), where fossil fuels replaced biomass. results show that CCS...

The decarbonization of city energy systems plays an important role to meet climate targets. We examine the consequences integrating electric cars and buses into system (60% private 100% public buses), using three different charging strategies in a modelling tool that considers local generation storage electricity heat, import city, investments achieve net-zero emissions from heating 2050. find up 85% demand for is flexible smart can facilitate 62% solar PV mix, compared 24% when are charged...

In electricity systems mainly supplied with variable renewable (VRE), the generation must be balanced. Hydrogen as an energy carrier, combined storage, has ability to shift in time and thereby support system. The aim of this work is analyze competitiveness hydrogen-fueled gas turbines, including both open cycles, flexible fuel mixing hydrogen biomethane zero-carbon emissions systems. applies a techno-economic optimization model future European high shares VRE. results show that most...

Despite sharp differences in government policy, the views of U.S. public on energy and global warming are remarkably similar to those Sweden, Britain, Japan. Americans do exhibit some differences, placing lower priority environment warming, with fewer believing that "global has been established as a serious problem immediate action is necessary". There also remains small hard core skeptics (<10%) who not believe science climate change need for action, group much smaller other countries...

Energy use for space heating is a substantial part of total energy end and systems can offer some flexibility in time use, which should be important future to maintain balance between supply demand. This work applies techno-economic, integrated, demand-supply optimization model investigate the combined effect using demand-side from buildings, by allowing indoor temperature deviations (both up- downward set-point), supply-side flexibility, applying thermal storage (TES), on operation district...

The present study investigates four factors that govern the ability to supply hydrogen at a low cost in Europe: scale of demand; possibility invest large-scale storage; process flexibility hydrogen-consuming industries; and geographical areas which demand arises. influence on future European zero-emission electricity system is investigated by applying cost-minimising investment model eNODE levels range 0–2,500 TWhH2. It found majority can be cost-effectively satisfied with VRE, assuming...

The aim of this study was to analyse how electric vehicles (EVs) affect the levels electricity self-consumption and self-sufficiency in households that have in-house generation from solar photovoltaics (PV). A model household system developed, which real-time measurements consumption vehicle driving, together with modelled PV were used as inputs. results show using an EV for storage in-house-generated has potential achieve same could be obtained a stationary battery. As example, level...

Abstract The increasing levels of variable renewable electricity (VRE) generation—such as wind and solar power—will create important opportunities for the charging electric vehicle (EV) batteries during low-cost hours with a lot VRE generation discharge EV back to grid (i.e. vehicle-to-grid; V2G) high-cost hours. This study investigates how different strategies influence cost-competitiveness storage technologies other than in system, using regional system investment dispatch model....

This study investigates a large-scale implementation of an electric road system (ERS) in Norway and Sweden by identifying: (i) which roads; (ii) how much the network; (iii) vehicle types are beneficial to electrify based on analysis current traffic volumes, CO2 emissions mitigation potential, infrastructure investment costs. All European (E) National (N) roads were included, while assuming different degrees electrification terms fraction length with ERS, prioritizing high-traffic loads. The...

Sweden has committed to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions net-zero by 2045. Around 20% of Sweden’s annual CO2 arise from manufacturing, transporting, and processing construction materials for refurbishment buildings infrastructure. In this study, material energy flows building transport infrastructure is outlined, together with a roadmap detailing how the change depending on different technical strategical choices. By matching short-term long-term goals specific technology solutions,...

The electric grid's available capacity to accommodate solar photovoltaic on national scales is currently uncertain. This makes decisions about grid expansion, which can be very costly for local operators, difficult make. Yet, knowledge of central in order formulate realistic PV targets and strategies. We present a methodology based publicly data estimate the hosting residential at both scale. model applied Sweden, Germany UK shows that low-voltage large, 33 (+5/-7) GW (Sweden), 248 (+5/-24)...

Electric vehicles enable the decarbonization of transportation sector. Yet, system implications fully electrified private on national low-voltage grids are still unknown. This study presents a geographic analysis power violations synthetically generated version Swedish grid due to home charging passenger electric using different strategies. We link energy model with reference network that together generate proxy within each inhabited km2 Sweden. produce first coverage vehicle impacts in...