The mining industry is closely related to economic development in many countries but also responsible for generating large amounts of waste materials. If not properly processed and/or stored, these residues can present environmental and social risks. Geopolymers are known their ability be used applications where ordinary Portland cement (OPC) commonly used. They some advantages over OPC, such as the use several forms precursor material, better heat fire resistance higher strength. In this...

Geometallurgy is an approach that integrates geology, mining, processing, and environmental areas, aiming to increase knowledge of the deposit reduce risks in mining projects and/or operations. Growing changes economic operational scenarios require development robust models for metallurgical responses. Typically, population geometallurgical variables small, there are restrictions on applying geostatistical techniques, such as Ordinary Kriging, since recoveries considered non-additive...

Vertical stirred mills have been widely applied in the minerals industry, due to its greater efficiency comparison with conventional tumbling mills. In this context, agitator liner wear plays an important role maintenance planning and operational costs. paper, we use discrete element method (DEM) simulation evaluate screw wear. Three different mill rotational velocities are evaluated simulation, according scale-up procedures. The profile, measurement, power consumption, particle contact...

Mining projects are often budgeted in millions of dollars, making it interest to the investor measure a project's uncertainties and risks, which include changes commodity price. The simulation asset prices is valid because enables displaying, with degree certainty, future behavior financial asset. One most commonly used mathematical forecast models Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) model. This article aims at simulating price an iron ore GBM method based on historical series comparing other...

Vertimill™ has been used in regrind circuits during the past years due to its greater efficiency when compared conventional tube ball mill. This paper presents pilot grinding tests with a sample of copper ore carried out closed circuit high frequency screen. The was crushed 100% <6 mm. All operating variables were measured under controlled conditions produce mass balance test. A laboratory batch mill characterize order determine energy specific selection function and breakage function....

The application of vertical mills in regrind circuits is consolidated. This type mill now attracting interest primary grinding applications, due to its higher efficiency when compared ball mills, which are usually used at this stage. In study, a coarse sample iron ore was tested pilot scale circuit with mill. Other three samples pellet feed had already been the methodology study. characterized laboratory tests carried out small batch Selection and breakage function parameters were determined...

Microscope-based automated image analysis systems have been used to obtain data regarding mineral liberation. However, this kind of leads stereological bias due the intrinsic two-dimensionality characteristic technique. Three-dimensional imaging techniques such as X-ray microtomography comes an alternative method measure We explored potentiality high-resolution investigate characteristics liberation a Brazilian bauxite. Grade distributions in 2D and 3D were correspondent when all possible...

Integrated Optimization can find optimized solutions for a project to define open pit and mine scheduling with greater reliability. This work aims demonstrate how the insertion of geometallurgical variables significantly change financial return project. Two are considered in planning simulations. Specific energy corresponds consumed comminution ore, process recovery measures percentage metal incorporated into product. Three scenarios were developed considering an iron ore deposit. In Base...

The important role of ventilation in underground mines is to ensure safety and adequate environmental conditions all accessible areas a mine. This research aims develop low-cost solutions for monitoring parameters using the Internet Things (IoT). A comparison between standard measuring equipment new wearable device prototype was performed, variables measured an mine were pressure, temperature, relative humidity. results surveys indicate that can properly be used continuous environment....

Abstract Minas-Rio Project, Anglo American property, located in Brazil, considers Vertimill ™ to make the particle size distribution adequate feed slurry pipeline. A pilot test campaign was carried out at Metso's plant facility York city, Pennsylvania State, USA, provide information scale up industrial grinding circuit. The perfect mixing model, normally used simulate ball mills, compare direct and reverse circuit configurations. simulations were based on appearance function determined from...

Improving a technical work environment encourages creativity and enhances research efforts. The conception of modular ventilation laboratory aims at free construction assembly the air circuit in different shapes, sizes, operational variations. modules allow development academic experiences, automatic data acquisition from sensors, analysis, verification concepts related to underground mines. uses teaching methodology based on playful low-cost way teach engineering, mainly mine ventilation....

Process simulations can be used to improve grinding circuit performance, which efficiently reduces operating costs. The population balance model (PBM) is widely accepted for modeling because it reproduce breakage events in tumbling mills, as described by Austin et al. (1984). In this study, a pseudo-dynamic introduced, integrating the PBM with Monte Carlo Method stochastically simulate variables an industrial circuit. This integrated approach enabled over period of 2 hours, representing...

Finite/discrete element methods (FDEM) are hybrid numerical models that use algorithms to analyze the transition from continuous discontinuous. This type of formulation allows modeling physical laboratory tests with greater proximity reality. article proposes simulate average behavior a uniaxial compression test campaign. The were modeled and calibrated based on strength fracture pattern using Geomechanica Inc. Irazu two-dimensional software. simulated results analyzed by mean standard...

As principais plantas de processamento minério ferro no Brasil operam através da flotação catiônica reversa.Muitos estudos são realizados buscando a eficiência otimização das variáveis processo.A célula pneumática destaca-se pela simplicidade operação e pelo intenso contato partícula/bolha promovido sistema alimentação polpa.Neste estudo, testes em escala laboratório piloto foram com uma amostra itabirítico.O objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho deste equipamento operado um baixo teor traçar...

A key factor in mineral concentration is liberation. Scanning electron microscope-based (SEM-based) automated image analysis systems have been used to obtain information concerning One of the limitations SEM-based techniques unavoidable loss 3D information, leading significant stereological errors. X-ray microtomography (μCT) emerges as an alternative that permits three-dimensional imaging and direct measurement spatial characteristics particles, eliminating issues. We high-resolution μCT a...

In mining projects, it is necessary to have a wide knowledge of the main variables mineral deposit before strategic mine planning takes effect. meantime, application geometallurgy has allowed modeling parameters related lithologies present in deposit, such as specific energy comminution. This work intends carry out case study with Direct Block Scheduling (DBS) methodology implemented MiningMath software and using Marvin block model. The results indicate that processing time each required...

Strategic Mine Planning demands an accurate knowledge of the mineral deposit, being very important use block models supported by Geometallurgy. Currently, methodology used considers mine planning divided into parts (ultimate open pit, pushbacks, scheduling). Global optimization can guarantee optimal solution once all steps are solved together. In present study database Marvin was and geometallurgical variable comminution specific energy included. first scenario, called GeoMet1, a ramp-up...

Duas amostras de minério ferro classificadas como itabiritos compacto e friável foram testadas com relação a moabilidade. Os testes realizados em um moinho bolas escala laboratório torquímetro para medição precisa da potência. parâmetros cinéticos das determinados através do aplicativo Moly-Cop Tools 2.0. Simulações realizadas o mesmo previsão comportamento circuito moagem cada uma estudadas. resultados indicam que amostra itabirito possui maior consumo específico energia, sendo...