Comparisons of the spectral characteristics sonoluminescence from cavitation in bubble fields (MBSL) versus single bubbles (SBSL) have been made for aqueous solutions under similar experimental conditions. In particular, alkali metal chloride exhibit emission excited state Na or K atoms MBSL, while SBSL exhibits no such emission. Since ions are not volatile, participation initially liquid phase must occur MBSL. Surface wave and microjet formation cavitating high spherical symmetry collapse...

Transcranial ultrasound can alter brain function transiently and nondestructively, offering a new tool to study now inform future therapies. Previous research on neuromodulation implemented pulsed low-frequency (250–700 kHz) with spatial peak temporal average intensities (ISPTA) of 0.1–10 W/cm2. That work used transducers that either insonified relatively large volumes mouse (several mL) produced bilateral motor responses, or small (on the order 0.06 high-frequency unilateral responses. This...

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is considered the 'signature injury' of combat veterans that have served during wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. This prevalence mTBI due part to common exposure high explosive blasts zones. In addition threats blunt impact trauma caused by flying objects head itself being propelled against objects, primary blast overpressure (BOP) generated explosives capable injuring brain. Compared other means causing TBI, pathophysiology mild-to-moderate BOP less well...

Symptomatic neuroma occurs in 13% to 32% of amputees, causing pain and limiting or preventing the use prosthetic devices. Targeted nerve implantation (TNI) is a procedure that seeks prevent treat neuroma-related amputees by implanting proximal amputated stump onto surgically denervated portion nearby muscle at secondary motor point so regenerating axons might arborize into intramuscular branches rather than form neuroma. However, efficacy this approach has not been demonstrated.We asked:...

ObjectiveIaccarino et al. (2016) [1] exposed 1 h of light flickering at 40 Hz to awake 5XFAD Alzheimer's Disease (AD) mouse models, generating action potentials Hz, activating ∼54% microglia colocalize with Aβ plaque, acutely, and clearing ∼ 50% plaque after seven days, but only in the visual cortex.HypothesisTranscranially delivered, focused ultrasound (tFUS) can replicate results Iaccarino throughout its area application.MethodsWe sedated mice tFUS (2.0 MHz carrier frequency, pulse...

Liver hemorrhage, the major cause of death in hepatic trauma, is notoriously difficult to control. We report on use high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) arrest bleeding from incisions made rabbit livers. A HIFU transducer, with a spherically curved aperture 6.34 cm2 area, focal length 4 cm and frequency 3.3 MHz was used. In approximately 94% incisions, hemorrhage reduced slow oozing blood less than 2 min. The maximum temperature liver tissue around incision during application, measured...

A diagnosis criterion is proposed for noninvasive grading of burn injuries using terahertz radiation. Experimental results are presented from in vivo time-domain spectroscopy second- and third-degree wounds, which obtained a 72-hour animal study. During this period, the change spectroscopic response burned tissue studied. It shown that waves sensitive not only to postburn formation interstitial edema, but also density skin structures derived image processing analysis histological sections....

The results of this paper show-for an existing high intensity, focused ultrasound (HIFU) transducer-the importance nonlinear effects on the space/time properties wave propagation and heat generation in perfused liver models when a blood vessel also might be present. These simulations are based parabolic equation for sound bio-heat temperature generation. use initial pressure HIFU transducers combination with physical characteristics biological tissue induces shock formation during...

Noninvasive ultrasound has been shown to increase the release rate on demand from drug delivery systems; however, such systems generally suffer background leaching. To address this issue, a drug-containing polymeric monolith coated with novel ultrasound-responsive coating was developed. A self-assembled molecular structure based relatively impermeable, ordered methylene chains forms an ultrasound-activated on-off switch in controlling demand, while keeping inside polymer carrier absence of...

We present sub-millimeter wave reflectometry of an experimental rat skin burn model obtained by the Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) technique. Full thickness burns, as confirmed histology, were created on rats (n = 4) euthanized immediately prior to experiments. Statistical analysis shows that burned tissue exhibits higher reflectivity compared normal over a frequency range between 0.5 and 0.7 THz (p < 0.05), likely due post-burn formation interstitial edema. Furthermore, we...

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Computational fluid dynamics modeling is useful in the study of hemodynamic environment cerebral aneurysms, but patient-specific measurements boundary conditions, such as blood flow velocity and pressure, have not been previously applied to flow-diverting stents. We integrated intravascular pressure into computational models aneurysms before after treatment with stents determine stent effects on aneurysm hemodynamics. <h3>MATERIALS METHODS:</h3> Blood were...

OBJECTIVE Traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) causes an almost complete loss of blood flow at the site (primary injury) as well significant hypoperfusion in penumbra injury. Hypoperfusion progresses after to and is likely be a major contributor progressive cell death tissue that was initially viable (secondary injury). Neuroprotective treatment strategies seek limit secondary Clinical monitoring temporal spatial patterns within contused currently not feasible. The purpose current study...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability and death in children adults under 45, with approximately ten million new cases per year worldwide. Significant progress has been made understanding complex pathophysiological response to TBI; however, reducing damage associated reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐dependent secondary phase remains a substantial challenge. The development an image‐guided, Gd‐conjugated, polymer (ORP) reduce ROS levels damaged tissue reported. ORP...

Delivery of plasmid DNA can be enhanced by treatment with ultrasound (US); acoustic cavitation appears to play an important role in the process. Ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs; stabilized microbubbles) nucleate cavitation, and lower pressure threshold for inertial occurrence. Fifty micrograms a liver-specific, high-expressing human factor IX plasmid, pBS-HCRHP-FIXIA, mixed UCA or phosphate-buffered saline was delivered mouse livers intrahepatic injection, simultaneous exposure 1 MHz-pulsed...

Objectives Ischemia, edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and reduced blood flow can occur in the brain as a result of ischemic stroke, including contralateral to stroke via process known diaschisis. In this study, ultrasound elastography, an imaging sensitive stiffness tissue, its relative fluid content, was used study changes individual cerebral hemispheres after transient injury. Methods Elastographic images mouse brains were collected 24 72 hours middle artery occlusion. The shear...

Transcranially delivered diagnostic ultrasound (tDUS) applied to the human brain can modulate those brains such that they became more receptive external stimulation relative sham exposure. Here, we sought directly measure effect of tDUS on mouse activity subjected an stimulation—a blinking light. Using electrocorticography, observed a substantial increase in median due plus light baseline and Subsequent decreased after cessation but with continuation light, though it remained above...

Stabilized microbubbles used as echo-contrast agents can be destroyed by ultrasonic irradiation. We have identified two pressure thresholds at which these undergo inertial cavitation (here, defined the collapse of gas bubbles followed emission an acoustic broadband noise). The first threshold (P1) corresponds to all in a field lose their property effective scatterer because fragmentation or deflation. second (P2) is associated with reactivation remnants contrast and related onset more...

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to permanent neurological impairment. Currently, the only clinically effective intervention for patients with acute SCI is surgical decompression by removal of impinging bone fragments within 24 h after injury. Recent clinical studies suggest that elevated intraparenchymal pressure (ISP) limits functional recovery following SCI. Here, we report on temporal and spatial patterns ISP a moderate rodent contusion Compared physiological in intact (2.7...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause adverse physiologic changes in fluid content within the brain, which may lead to tissue elasticity (eg, stiffness). This study evaluated ability of ultrasonic shear wave elastography observe these after TBI vivo.Mice and rats received a mild or sham surgery were imaged acutely 24 hours using elastography, hemispheric stiffness values compared.Stiffness consistent across hemispheres rodents. By TBI, relative for mice each decreased ipsilaterally...