Digital twins (DTs) have emerged as a paradigm for the virtual representation of complex systems alongside their underlying hardware. We investigate benefits Amazon, Eclipse, and Microsoft DT platforms assess extent to which they meet standard requirements.

Research in the area of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) is hampered by lack available project environments which to explore open challenges and propose rigorously evaluate solutions. In this "New Ideas Emerging Results" paper we introduce a CPS research incubator - based upon system, its associated environment, for managing coordinating flight small Unmanned Aerial (sUAS). The provides new community resource, making diverse, high-quality artifacts produced across multiple releases...

The use of semi-autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) to support emergency response scenarios, such as fire surveillance and search rescue, offers the potential for huge societal benefits. However, designing an effective solution in this complex domain represents a "wicked design" problem, requiring careful balance between trade-offs associated with drone autonomy versus human control, mission functionality safety, diverse needs different stakeholders. This paper focuses on situational...

As technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are becoming ubiquitous, systems adopting these getting increasingly complex. Digital Twins (DTs) provide comprehensive views on systems, data they generate during runtime, well their usage evolution over time. Setting up required infrastructure to run a Twin is still an ambitious task that involves significant upfront efforts from domain experts, although existing knowledge about engineering models, may be...

With the increasing significance of Research, Technology, and Innovation (RTI) policies in recent years, demand for detailed information about performance these sectors has surged. Many current tools are limited their application purpose. To address issues, we introduce a requirements engineering process to identify stakeholders elicitate derive system architecture, web-based interactive open-access RTI monitoring tool. Based on several core modules, multi-tier software architecture how such...

Thorough simulation testing is crucial for validating the correct behavior of small Uncrewed Aerial Systems (sUAS) across multiple scenarios, including adverse weather conditions (such as wind, and fog), diverse settings (hilly terrain, or urban areas), varying mission profiles (surveillance, tracking). While various sUAS tools exist to support developers, entire process creating, executing, analyzing tests remains a largely manual cumbersome task. Developers must identify test set up...

Forests are an essential part of our biosphere, regulating climate, acting as a sink for greenhouse gases, and providing numerous other ecosystem services. However, they negatively impacted by climatic stressors such drought or heat waves. In this paper, we introduce FORTE, open-source system environmental monitoring with the aim understanding how forests react to stressors. It consists two key components: (1) wireless sensor network (WSN) deployed in forest data collection, (2) Data...

[Context and Motivation]: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) have become relevant in a wide variety of different domains, integrating hardware software, often operating an emerging uncertain environment where human actors actively or passively engage with the CPS. To ensure correct safe operation, self-adaptation, monitors are used for collecting analyzing diverse runtime information. [Problem]: However, monitoring humans at runtime, potentially sensitive information about their actions behavior,...

The complexity of product line variability models makes it hard to maintain their consistency over time regardless the modeling approach used. Engineers thus need support for detecting and resolving inconsistencies. We describe experiences applying a tool-supported incremental checking on models. Our significantly improves overall performance scalability compared batch-oriented techniques allows providing immediate feedback modelers. It is extensible as new constraints can easily be added....

Software vulnerabilities can affect critical systems within an organization impacting processes, workflows, privacy, and safety. When a software vulnerability becomes known, affected are at risk until appropriate updates become available eventually deployed. This period last from few days to several months, during which attackers develop exploits take advantage of the vulnerability. It is tedious time-consuming keep track manually perform necessary actions shut down, update, or modify...

The Human Machine Teaming (HMT) paradigm focuses on supporting partnerships between humans and autonomous machines. HMT describes requirements for transparency, augmented cognition, coordination that enable far richer than those found in typical human-on-the-loop human-in-the-loop systems. Autonomous, self-adaptive systems domains such as driving, robotics, Cyber-Physical Systems, are often implemented using the MAPE-K feedback loop primary reference model. However, while enables fully...

An increasing number of software systems today are very-large-scale (VLSS) with system-of-systems (SoS) architectures. Due to their heterogeneity and complexity VLSS difficult understand analyze, which results in various challenges for development evolution. Existing engineering processes, methods, tools do not sufficiently address the characteristics VLSS. Also, there only a few empirical studies on We report an exploratory case study involving engineers technical project managers...

The MAPE-K feedback loop has been established as the primary reference model for self-adaptive and autonomous systems in domains such driving, robotics, Cyber-Physical Systems. At same time, Human Machine Teaming (HMT) paradigm is designed to promote partnerships between humans machines. It goes far beyond degree of collaboration expected human-on-the-loop human-in-the-loop emphasizes interactions, partnership, teamwork However, while enables fully behavior, it does not explicitly address...

Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) must meet rigorous safety standards when deployed in high-stress emergency response scenarios; however many reported accidents have involved humans the loop. In this paper, we, therefore, present HiFuzz testing framework, which uses fuzz to identify system vulnerabilities associated with human interactions. includes three distinct levels that progress from a low-cost, limited-fidelity, large-scale, no-hazard environment, using fully simulated Proxy Human...

Traditionally, safety-critical projects have been developed using the waterfall process. However, this makes it costly and challenging to incrementally introduce new features certify modified product for use. As a result, there has increasing interest in adopting agile development paradigms within domain. This turn introduces numerous challenges. In paper we address specific problems of discovering, analyzing, specifying, managing safety requirements Scrum We propose SafetyScrum, methodology...

Software project artifacts such as source code, requirements, and change logs represent a gold-mine of actionable information. As result, software analytic solutions have been developed to mine repositories answer questions "who is the expert?," "which classes are fault prone?," or even domain experts for these fault-prone classes?" Analytics often require training configuring in order maximize performance within context each project. A cold-start problem exists when function applied without...

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used by emergency responders to support search-and-rescue operations, medical supplies delivery, fire surveillance, and many other scenarios. At the same time, researchers investigating usage scenarios in which UAVs imbued with a greater level of autonomy provide automated search, delivery capabilities that far exceed current adoption practices. To address this emergent opportunity, we developing configurable, multi-user, multi-UAV system for...

With the rise of new AI technologies, autonomous systems are moving towards a paradigm in which increasing levels responsibility shifted from human to system, creating transition human-in-the-loop human-on-the-loop (HoTL) systems. This has significant impact on safety analysis such systems, as types errors occurring at boundaries human-machine interactions need be taken into consideration. Traditional typically focuses system-level hazards with little focus user-related or user-induced that...