Significance Cholesterol regulates critical cell functions, including lysis, viral budding, and antibiotic resistance, by modifying the bending rigidity of membranes; i.e., ability membranes to bend or withstand mechanical stresses. A molecular-level understanding these functions requires knowledge how cholesterol modifies membrane mechanics over relevant length time scales. Currently, it is widely accepted that has no effect on properties unsaturated lipid membranes, implying viruses, for...

The relaxational dynamics in glass-forming glycerol and mixed with LiCl is in-vestigated using different neutron scattering techniques. performed spin-echo experiments, which extend up to relatively long relaxation-time scales of the order 10 ns, should allow for detection contributions from so-called excess wing. This phenomenon, whose microscopic origin controversially discussed, arises a variety glass formers and, until now, was almost exclusively investigated by dielectric spectros-copy...

Intrinsically disordered proteins lack a well-defined folded structure and contain high degree of structural freedom conformational flexibility, which is expected to enhance binding their physiological targets. In solution in the lipid-free state, myelin basic protein belongs that class proteins. Using small-angle scattering, was found be structurally similar Gaussian chains. The combination hydrodynamic information revealed an intermediary compactness between globular random coil polymers....

In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry measurements to characterize pore size distribution and hydraulic properties in four porous samples with different texture composition. We compare NMR two classical techniques based on water retention mercury intrusion measurements. Both T 2 1 relaxation at 6.47 MHz were carried out for three saturated model (medium sand, fine a homogenous sand/kaolin clay mixture) one natural silt loam soil....

Translational diffusion of macromolecules in cell is generally assumed to be anomalous due high macromolecular crowding the milieu. Red blood cells are a special case filled quasi exclusively (95% dry weight cell) with an almost spherical protein: hemoglobin. Hemoglobin has since long time been recognized as facilitating rate oxygen through solution. We address this paper question on how hemoglobin red can help capture at level and hence improve transport. report measurement by neutron spin...

Abstract Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes that make major contributions to the production of oxygen in Earth atmosphere. The machinery cyanobacterial cells is housed flattened membrane structures called thylakoids. structural organization and arrangement thylakoid membranes response environmental conditions have been widely investigated. However, there limited knowledge about internal dynamics these terms their flexibility motion during process. We present a direct observation...

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel particles were prepared via a "classical" surfactant-free precipitation polymerization and continuous monomer feeding approach. It is anticipated that this yields with different internal structures, namely dense core fluffy shell for the classical approach more even crosslink distribution in case of A thorough structural investigation resulting microgels dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy small angle neutron scattering was conducted related...

A comparison study of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry at high and low field (7 0.1 T) has been initiated for investigating the influence strength, variable clay content, different degrees saturation on relaxometric properties four ideal porous media. The samples consisted medium sand with increasing fractions kaolin ranging from 0 to 15%. Six volumetric water contents between θ = 0.05 were used. Changes in content achieved by slow evaporation. T 2 relaxation curves monitored...

An automated method for root system architecture reconstruction from three‐dimensional volume data sets obtained magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was developed and validated with a semimanual using virtual reality two‐dimensional SmartRoot. It tested on the basis of an MRI image 25‐d‐old lupin ( Lupinus albus L.) grown in natural sand resolution 0.39 by 1.1 mm. The algorithm inspired methods blood vessel detection images. describes hierarchical network nodes, which are connected segments...

A flexible linker region between three fragments allows antibodies to adjust their binding sites an antigen or receptor. Using Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy we observed fragment motion on a timescale of 7 ns with motional amplitudes about 1 nm relative each other. The mechanistic complexity the can be described by spring model Brownian in harmonic potential. Displacements, timescale, friction and force constant underlying dynamics are accessed. exhibits similar strength entropic spring,...

We investigated the influence of an n-alkyl-PEO polymer on structure and dynamics phospholipid vesicles. Multilayer formation about a 9% increase in size vesicles were observed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle neutron/X-ray (SANS/SAXS). The results indicate change lamellar partial disruption caused chains, which seems to correlate with 30% reduction bending rigidity per unit bilayer, as revealed neutron spin echo (NSE)...

Neutron spin-echo spectrometers with a position-sensitive detector and operating extended time-of-flight-tagged wavelength frames are able to collect comprehensive set of data covering large range wavevector Fourier time space only few instrumental settings in quasi-continuous way. Extracting all the information contained raw mapping them suitable physical most efficient way is challenge. This article reports algorithms employed dedicated software, DrSpine (data reduction for spin echo),...

We measure the dynamics of high molecular weight polystyrene grafted to silica nanoparticles dispersed in semidilute solutions linear polymer. Structurally, free chains do not penetrate corona but increase osmotic pressure solution, collapsing polymer and leading eventual aggregation particles at matrix concentrations. Dynamically, relaxations are controlled by solvent viscosity according Zimm model on short time scales. On longer scales, confined neighboring chains, preventing full...

Abstract Myelin basic protein (MBP) and its interaction with lipids of the myelin sheath plays an important part in pathology multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies observed that changes lipid composition lead to instabilities enhanced local curvature MBP-lipid multilayer structures. We investigated molecular origin instability found diseased membrane has a 25% lower bending rigidity, thus destabilizing smooth $$&gt;1\,$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">...

Acetaminophen (APAP) or paracetamol, despite its wide and common use for pain fever symptoms, shows a variety of side effects, toxic overdose effects. The most form effects APAP is in the liver where phosphatidylcholine major component cell membrane with additional associated functionalities. Although this case, on pure phospholipid membranes have been largely ignored. Here, we used 1,2-di-(octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), commonly found mammalian membranes, to synthesize...

Block copolymer (BCP) structure and dynamics were studied using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), spin echo (NSE) spectroscopy, molecular (MD) simulations to obtain a fundamental understanding of the impact an interfacial block on chain dynamics. A glassy acted as interface, rubbery was studied. The protonated near interface in one sample end another observe effect polymer. Analysis revealed that confined layered morphologies exhibited much slower than chain-end dispersed matrix. showed...

Physical networks formed by ionizable polymers with ionic clusters as crosslinks are controlled coupled dynamics that transcend from through chain motion to macroscopic response. Here, the dynamics, across length scales, in toluene swollen polystyrene sulfonate networks, were directly correlated, electrostatic environment of physical was altered. The multiscale insight is attained coupling neutron spin echo measurements molecular simulations, carried out times typical relaxation solutions....

Urea is a strong denaturing osmolyte that disrupts noncovalent bonds in proteins. Here, we present small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and spin–echo spectroscopy (NSE) study on the structure dynamics of intrinsically disordered myelin basic protein (MBP) denatured by urea. SANS results show urea-denatured MBP more compact than ideal polymers, while its secondary content entirely lost. NSE experiments reveal concomitantly an increase relaxation time amplitude internal motions as compared to...

The photosynthetic machinery of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 resides in flattened membrane sheets called thylakoids, situated peripheral part cellular cytoplasm. Under conditions these thylakoid membranes undergo various dynamical processes that could be coupled to their energetic functions. Using Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy (NSE), we have investigated undulation dynamics thylakoids under normal and chemical treatment with DCMU (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea),...

Diverse biological functions of biomembranes are made possible by their rich dynamic behaviors across multiple scales. While the potential coupling between dynamics differing scales may underlie machineries regulating biomembrane-involving processes, mechanism and even existence this remain an open question, despite latter being taken for granted. Via inelastic neutron scattering, we examined lipid membranes whose were perturbed configurational changes at two membrane regions. Surprisingly,...