A5003285240- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Malaria Research and Control
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2011-2021
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
2020
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2011-2019
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2015
Background Few comprehensive data exist on disease incidence for specific etiologies of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in older children and adults Africa. Methodology/Principal Findings From March 1, 2007, to February 28, 2010, among a surveillance population 21,420 persons >5 years old rural western Kenya, we collected blood culture malaria smears, nasopharyngeal oropharyngeal swabs quantitative real-time PCR ten viruses three atypical bacteria, urine pneumococcal antigen testing...
Few comprehensive data exist on the etiology of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) among African children.From March 1, 2007 to February 28, 2010, we collected blood for culture and nasopharyngeal oropharyngeal swabs real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction 10 viruses 3 atypical bacteria children aged <5 years with SARI, defined as World Health Organization-classified or very pneumonia oxygen saturation <90%, who visited a clinic in rural western Kenya. We from controls without...
Arthropod-borne viruses are a major constituent of emerging infectious diseases worldwide, but limited data available on the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors for transmission in Kenya East Africa. In this study, we used 1,091 HIV-negative blood specimens from 2007 AIDS Indicator Survey (KAIS 2007) to test presence IgG antibodies dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV) Rift Valley fever (RVFV).The KAIS was national population-based survey conducted by Government provide...
Dengue appears to be endemic in Africa with a number of reported outbreaks. In February 2013, several individuals dengue-like illnesses and negative malaria blood smears were identified Mombasa, Kenya. was laboratory confirmed an investigation conducted estimate the magnitude local transmission including serologic survey determine incident dengue virus (DENV) infections. Consenting household members provided serum questioned regarding exposures medical history. RT-PCR used identify current...
Background Risk factors for influenza hospitalization in Africa are unknown, including the role of HIV. Methods We conducted a case-control study risk hospitalized seasonal among persons rural western Kenya, high HIV prevalence area, from March 2006- August 2008. Eligible cases were ≥five years old, admitted to health facilities with respiratory symptoms, and had nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab specimens that tested positive A or B by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Three randomly...
To estimate the burden and age-specific rates of influenza-associated hospitalization in rural western Kenya.All 3924 patients with respiratory illness (defined as acute cough, difficulty breathing or pleuritic chest pain) who were hospitalized between June 2007 May 2009 any inpatient health facility Kenyan district Bondo enrolled. Nasopharyngeal oropharyngeal swabs collected tested for influenza viruses using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In calculation...
ABSTRACT The role of serology in the setting PCR-based diagnosis acute respiratory infections (ARIs) is unclear. We found that acute- and convalescent-phase paired-sample serologic testing increased diagnostic yield naso/oropharyngeal swabs for influenza virus, syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, parainfluenza viruses beyond PCR by 0.4% to 10.7%. Although still limited clinical use, serology, along with PCR, can maximize etiologic epidemiologic studies.
We compared minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) with conventional autopsy (CA) in detection of respiratory pathology/pathogens among Kenyan children younger than 5 years who were hospitalized disease and died during hospitalization.Pulmonary MITS guided by anatomic landmarks was followed CA. Lung tissues triaged for histology molecular testing using TaqMan Array Cards (TACs). CA results adequacy concordance.Adequate pulmonary obtained from 54 (84%) 64 deaths. Comparing to CA, full...
Abstract Background Prevention and treatment of malaria during pregnancy is crucial in dealing with maternal mortality adverse fetal outcomes. The World Health Organization recommendation to treat all pregnant women sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) through antenatal care structures was implemented Kenya the year 1998, but concerns about its effectiveness preventing has arisen due spread SP resistant parasites. This study aimed determine prevalence resistance markers Plasmodium falciparum...
In sub-Saharan Africa, where the burden of respiratory disease-related deaths is highest, information on cause death remains inadequate because poor access to health care and limited availability diagnostic tools. Postmortem examination can aid in ascertainment causes death. This manuscript describes study protocol for Pediatric Respiratory Etiology Surveillance Study (PRESS).This aims identify etiologies associated with among children (age 1-59 months) illness admitted Kenyatta National...
Background: In resource-limited settings, acute respiratory infections continue to be the leading cause of death in young children. We conducted postmortem investigations children <5 years hospitalized with a clinical diagnosis disease at Kenya’s largest referral hospital. Methods: collected and other tissues examine pathologic processes using histology, molecular immunohistochemistry assays. Nasopharyngeal, trachea, bronchi lung specimens were tested 21-target pathogen real-time reverse...
<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> In sub-Saharan Africa, where the burden of respiratory disease–related deaths is highest, information on cause death remains inadequate because poor access to health care and limited availability diagnostic tools. Postmortem examination can aid in ascertainment causes death. This manuscript describes study protocol for Pediatric Respiratory Etiology Surveillance Study (PRESS). </sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> aims identify etiologies associated with among...
Abstract Background: Prevention and treatment of malaria during pregnancy is crucial in dealing with maternal mortality adverse fetal outcomes. WHO’s recommendation to treat all pregnant women sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) through antenatal care structures was implemented Kenya the year 1998 but concerns about its effectiveness preventing has arisen due spread parasites resistant SP. We aimed determine prevalence SP resistance markers Plasmodium falciparum isolated from seeking at...