A5065697243- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Indian History and Philosophy
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices
- War, Ethics, and Justification
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies
- Biblical Studies and Interpretation
- Religion and Society Interactions
- Solidification and crystal growth phenomena
- Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East
- Asian Geopolitics and Ethnography
- Study and Philosophy of Religion
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Vietnamese History and Culture Studies
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
United States Naval Research Laboratory
2014-2025
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2022-2023
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
2017-2023
University of Maine
1992-2022
Stennis Space Center
2020
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science
2020
The University of Melbourne
2020
Argonne National Laboratory
1996-2019
Naval Research Laboratory Remote Sensing Division
2015
University of Maine System
2015
Abstract Fires in southeastern Australia produced at least 18 pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) between 29 December 2019 and 4 January 2020. The largest plumes from this event exhibited several previously undocumented phenomena the stratosphere. These include (i) generation of potential vorticity anticyclonic circulations absorptive aerosol heating, (ii) formation a vertical temperature anomaly dipole, (iii) rapid ascent lowermost stratosphere (15–16 km) to altitudes above 31 km less than 2 months,...
Abstract A data assimilation system (DAS) is described for global atmospheric reanalysis from 0- to 100-km altitude. We apply it the 2014 austral winter of Deep Propagating Gravity Wave Experiment (DEEPWAVE), an international field campaign focused on gravity wave dynamics 0 100 km, where absence above 60 km inhibits research. Four experiments were performed April September and assessed skill 50 km. four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) run specified initial background error covariances...
Unusually large planetary wave activity in the 2002 Antarctic winter stratosphere weakened and warmed polar vortex. Three minor warmings during August early September preceded a late‐September major warming when middle stratospheric zonal winds reversed to easterly temperature increased by an additional 25 K. Polar Ozone Aerosol Measurement (POAM III) ozone data at high southern latitudes show unusually variability compared previous POAM III years (1998–2001). Analyses of air parcel...
Abstract. An unusually strong and prolonged stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) in January 2006 was the first major SSW for which globally distributed long-lived trace gas data are available covering upper troposphere through lower mesosphere. We use Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment-Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) data, SLIMCAT Transport Model (CTM), assimilated meteorological analyses to provide a comprehensive picture of transport during this...
Abstract The Australian bushfires of 2019/20 produced an unusually large number pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) that injected huge amounts smoke into the lower stratosphere. pyroCbs from 29 December 2019 to 4 January 2020 were particularly intense, producing hemispheric-wide aerosol persisted for months. One plume this so-called New Year (ANY) event evolved a stratospheric mass ~1000 km across and several kilometers thick. This initially moved eastward toward South America in January, then...
Abstract The eruption of Hunga in January 2022 injected a large amount water into the stratosphere. Satellite measurements from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) show that this vapor (H 2 O) has now spread throughout stratosphere and lower mesosphere, resulting an increase >1 ppmv most region. Measurements three ground‐based Water Vapor Millimeter Wave Spectrometer (WVMS) instruments MLS are good agreement, 2023 there was more H O mesosphere than at any time since WVMS began 1990's. At...
A 7‐year (1992–1998) seasonal climatology of effective horizontal diffusivity is presented for the stratosphere (350–1900 K). As in previous studies, diagnosis based on equivalent length a test tracer advected isentropic surfaces, this case using van Leer flux‐limiting scheme driven by United Kingdom Meteorological Office assimilated winds. Although magnitude resolution dependent, its structure shown to be reasonably robust quantifying inhomogeneous mixing stratosphere. The calculation...
The 2002 southern hemisphere winter was marked by unusually large wave activity, culminating with an unprecedented major warming in late September. This led to ∼250 DU increase column ozone near the pole as measured Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III instrument. POAM measurements of high mixing ratio throughout most stratosphere resulted primarily from air outside polar vortex being transported measurement latitude. In altitude region where chemical loss chlorine catalyzed...
Abstract A mechanistic model simulation initialized on 14 September 2002, forced by 100-hPa geopotential heights from Met Office analyses, reproduced the dynamical features of 2002 Antarctic major warming. The vortex split ∼25 September; recovery after warming, westward and equatorward tilting vortices, strong baroclinic zones in temperature associated with a dipole pattern upward downward vertical velocities were all captured simulation. Model results analyses show wave propagation...
Abstract Upper atmosphere sounding (UAS) channels of the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) were assimilated using a high-altitude version Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM) in order to investigate their potential for operational forecasting from surface mesospause. UAS radiances into NAVGEM new Community Radiative Transfer (CRTM) that accounts Zeeman line splitting by geomagnetic fields. radiance data April 2010 March 2011 are shown be good agreement with coincident...
Abstract We present ground‐based microwave measurements of mesospheric water vapor made by the Water Vapor Millimeter‐wave Spectrometer (WVMS) instruments since early 1990s from sites in California, Hawaii, and New Zealand. These are compared with coincident Halogen Occultation Experiment, Aura Microwave Limb Sounder, Sounding Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry; all which combine to cover entire time period measurements. Comparisons presented both on ∼weekly timescales order...
Abstract We present a reanalysis of the ground‐based microwave measurements upper stratospheric ClO from Mauna Kea over 1992–2023 made by Chlorine Oxide Experiment (ChlOE) instrument. In order to reduce instrumental baseline artifacts, retrieval makes use difference daytime and nighttime spectra (the are much smaller) produce day‐minus‐night mixing ratio, which is fundamental quantity analyzed throughout this study. Upper values peaked in ∼1997, trend ChlOE 1997 2023 was found be −0.4 ±...
Area equivalent latitude based on potential vorticity (PV) is a widely used diagnostic for isentropic transport in the stratosphere and upper troposphere. Here, an alternate method calculating explored, namely, numerical synthesis of PV-like tracer from long-term integration advection–diffusion equation surfaces. It found that (TrEL) behaves much like traditional PV (PVEL) despite simplified governing physics; this evidenced by examining kinematics Arctic lower stratospheric vortex. Yet some...
Structure and kinematics of carbon monoxide in the upper stratosphere lower mesosphere (10–0.03 hPa) are studied for early northern winter 1991/92 using Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Improved Stratospheric Mesospheric Sounder (ISAMS) measurements. The study is aided by data from a 6-week parameterized-chemistry run Goddard Space Flight Center 3D Chemistry Transport Model (CTM), initialized on 8 December 1991. Generally, CO mixing ratios increase with height due to increasing source...
Abstract A high-altitude version of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) spectral forecast model is used to simulate unusual September 2002 Southern Hemisphere stratospheric major warming. Designated as NOGAPS-Advanced Level Physics and High Altitude (NOGAPS-ALPHA), this extends from surface 0.005 hPa (∼85 km altitude) includes modifications multiple components operational NOGAPS system, including a new radiative heating scheme, middle-atmosphere gravity wave...
Abstract Several meteorological datasets, including U.K. Met Office (MetO), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), National Centers Environmental Prediction (NCEP), and NASA’s Goddard Earth Observation System (GEOS-4) analyses, are being used in studies of the 2002 Southern Hemisphere (SH) stratospheric winter Antarctic major warming. Diagnostics compared to assess how these may be affected by data used. While overall structure evolution temperatures, winds, wave...
A leading Data Assimilation ( DA ) technique in meteorology is 4 D‐V ar which relies on the Tangent Linear Model TLM of nonlinear model and its adjoint. The difficulty building maintaining traditional TLMs adjoints coupled ocean–wave–atmosphere–etc. models daunting. On other hand, ensemble forecasts are readily available. Here, we show how an forecast can be used to construct accurate Local Ensemble LETLM adjoint entire system. method features a local influence region containing all...
Abstract. This paper presents three-dimensional prognostic O3 simulations with parameterized gas-phase photochemistry from the new NOGAPS-ALPHA middle atmosphere forecast model. We compare 5-day hindcasts of stratospheric satellite and DC-8 aircraft measurements for two cases during SOLVE II campaign: (1) cold, isolated vortex 11-16 January 2003; (2) rapidly developing warming 17-22 2003. In first case we test three different parameterizations. using NRL-CHEM2D parameterization give best...
Abstract Satellite-based solar occultation measurements during the 2002 austral winter have been used to reconstruct global, three-dimensional ozone distributions. The reconstruction method uses correlations between potential vorticity and derive “proxy” distributions from geographically limited observations. Ozone profiles Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE), Polar Aerosol Measurement III (POAM III), Stratospheric Gas II (SAGE III) are incorporated into analysis. Because this is one of...
The predecessor to Buddhism at Work, this book concretely describes how a village movement in Sri Lanka draws on indigenous cultural and religious values redefine the nature purpose of development. It mobilizes encourages popular participation, mounts distinctive organizing strategies. illustrates relevance traditions for any alternative development efforts developing industrialized worlds.
Antarctic polar descent and planetary wave activity in the upper stratosphere lower mesosphere are observed ISAMS CO data from April to July 1992. CO‐derived mean April‐to‐May rates of 15 K/day (0.25 km/day) at 60°S 20 (0.33 80°S compared with diabatic trajectory analyses. At there is excellent agreement, while trajectory‐derived significantly larger early April. Zonal wavenumber 1 enhancement on 9 28 May, coincident enhanced UKMO geopotential height. The May event extends 40 70 km shows...