This study determined the effects of genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction and stability yield among elite cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) selections derived by gamma irradiation. The was conducted in Namibia at three selected sites: Bagani, Mannheim, Omahenene, during 2014/2015 2015/2016. Thirty-four newly developed mutant genotypes local checks were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with replications. Grain data analyzed additive main multiplicative (AMMI) genotype...

Deficiency of metals, primarily Fe and Zn, affects over half the world’s population. Human diets dominated by cereal products cause micronutrient malnutrition, which is common in many developing countries where populations depend heavily on staple grain crops such as wheat, maize, rice. Biofortification one most effective approaches to alleviate malnutrition. Genetically stable mutant spring wheat lines (M 7 generation) produced via 100 or 200 Gy gamma treatments broaden genetic variation...

Induced mutagenesis has emerged as an essential field of plant breeding to address global food security challenges, offering tools enhance crop productivity, resistance, and nutritional value. Among the mutation induction tools, physical mutagen such gamma rays holds promise for efficient induction. Gamma rays, a type high-energy electromagnetic radiation, possess unique characteristics that enable them penetrate tissues induce genetic mutations. The biological effects are influenced by...

Success in inducing genetic variation through mutagenic agents is dependent on the source and dose of application. The objective this study was to determine optimum doses a single combined use gamma radiation ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) for effective mutation breeding sorghum. involved two concurrent experiments as follows: experiment I, seeds four sorghum genotypes (‘Parbhani Moti’, ‘Parbhani Shakti’, ‘ICSV 15013′, ‘Macia’) were treated using (0, 300, 400, 500 600 Gy), EMS 0.5 1.0%),...

CIRNO C2008 was irradiated with gamma rays at 100, 200, and 300 Gy. The plants obtained Gy (M1) showed a significant reduction (compared to M0 plants) in germination (i.e. 3.8% day 5), survival percentage (48%), plant height (63.3%). Thus, the Probit analysis an LD50 of 287.80 Besides, these plants, field, increase days spike initiation (16 days), maturation (14 days). On other hand, fourteen chlorophyll mutants were found (at different frequency) M2 generation, such as Albina, Anthocyanin,...

To broaden genetic variation, an irradiated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) M5 population was generated in the background of spring cv. Almaken. This resource used to measure components productivity, including grain number and weight (GW) per main spike, GW plant (GWP), 1000-grain (TGW), size shape, some quality parameters. Some mutant lines, mostly 200-Gy-dosed germplasm, had 2–4 times higher iron zinc concentrations 7–11% protein content relative parent line. lines significantly larger TGW,...

Pepper is the second most important vegetable crop in Bulgarian agriculture and has become subject of extensive breeding programs that frequently employ induced mutagenesis. The success can be enhanced by efficient integral application different biochemical molecular methods to characterize specific mutant alleles. On other hand, identifying new cost-effective under a limited-resources environment. In this paper we compare levels five health-related carotenoid compounds fruits (α-carotene,...

Genetic diversity enhancement to select Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc. 2x = 2n 22) breeding lines with economic traits is imperative improve the crop's utilization in Sub-Saharan Africa. Gamma radiation a vital mutagenic agent create novel allelic combinations required for developing climate-smart varieties contribute food production and nutrition security drier regions, including Namibia. Therefore, objective of present study was identify optimal gamma doses enhance...

Rice is an important staple food crop that feeds over half of the human population, particularly in developing countries. Increasing salinity a major challenge for continuing rice production. Though affected by at all developmental stages, it most sensitive early seedling stage. The yield thus depends on how many seedlings can withstand saline water stage transplantation, especially coastal farms. rapid development "omics" approaches has assisted researchers identifying biological molecules...

Induced plant mutagenesis is a powerful technique to create genetic variation for agronomic traits and drought tolerance selection programs. The objective of this study was determine the response elite sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) lines developed via gamma-radiation grain yield, component traits, select best performing cultivation in water-stressed environments. Ten newly mutant four check varieties were evaluated two growing seasons under drought-stressed (DS) non-stressed (NS)...

In arid and semi-arid regions of the world sorghum stands out as a climate change-ready crop with high potential for production food, feed, fodder, fiber fuel in face increasing human population. The present review highlights induced mutation breeding technique tool improving Namibia. discussed following issues; improvement using mutagens, mutant screening, selection evaluation, impact breeding, factors declining future implication breeding. Namibia, severe drought stress resulting total...

Mutation breeding has been used successfully worldwide to generate crop varieties with various traits, including pest resistance. Before any mutation is initiated, radio-sensitivity tests need be conducted determine optimum doses for mutagenesis. In this study, were on three maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes six gamma irradiation doses. Highly significant effects of mutagenesis days seedling emergence, emergence percentage, and height observed. Regressing gamma-ray estimated the lethal dose 50...

Mutation breeding for crop improvement is a technique used over 70 years. It fast way to increase the rate of spontaneous genetic variation in plants contributing global food security. The variability, created through mutagenesis i.e. physical or chemical, an important material developing improved varieties and many studies field functional genomics. randomly generated heritable changes are expressed mutant plants, which selected new useful traits, such as high yielding, disease resistance,...

Background Iron deficiency is a well-known nutritional disorder, and the imbalance of trace-elements, specifically iron, most common nutrient foods across world, including in Kazakhstan. Wheat has significant relevance, especially provision however many bread wheat varieties have low iron despite need for human nourishment. In this study, expression profiles homologous genes related to homeostasis were investigated. The work resulted development two new M 5 mutant lines spring through...

Mutations induced artificially way are one of the tools used to increase genetic variation in populations where has been shrinking especially due various reasons which is domestication. In this study, Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) markers were screen diversity sodium azide (NaN3) fourteen fourth-generation advanced wheat mutant lines. The mean values polymorphism rate (29.44%), polymorphic information content (PIC; 0.82), marker index (MI; 1.95) and resolving power (Rp; 1.31) calculated...

The objective of this study was to select cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) varieties that meet farmers’ needs in Namibia, from a set newly developed and elite through gamma irradiation. Thirty four candidate mutant derived three local varieties, (Shindimba, Bira Nakare), were evaluated for nine agronomic traits. new genotypes descended favourably selected by all participants their best plant cover. genotype L1P12 (Bi450) preferred 81 percent farmers its higher pod setting ability. R4P5...