We investigated the optical properties of a dielec-tric−metal−dielectric multilayer for transparent top cathode in top-emitting organic light emitting diodes (TOLEDs). The transmittance metal layer was enhanced by depositing dielectric material which had high refraction index n below and above (Ag) layer. Due to multiple reflections interferences, Ag sandwiched between materials with value can show improved transmittance. Because WO3 (>2.0), thin could fulfill optimum zero-reflection...

Top-illuminated flexible organic solar cells with a high power conversion efficiency (≈6.75%) are fabricated using dielectric/metal/polymer (DMP) electrode. Employing polymer layer (n = 1.49) makes it possible to show the transmittance, which is insensitive film thickness, and excellent haze induced by well-ordered nanopatterns on DMP electrode, leading 28% of enhancement in compared bottom cells.

Flexible organic light-emitting diodes with a high light-extraction efficiency are demonstrated using O2 plasma treatment on the back side of PET substrate. The plasma-treated substrate extracts confined waveguided electroluminescence wave in structure, confirmed by finite-difference time-domain simulations. This leads to enhancement light extraction air and thereby improvement luminance 70%. As service our authors readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied authors. Such...

The use of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical indium tin oxide (ITO) branches electrochromic devices (ECDs) is an effective approach for increasing the optical properties via localized surface plasmon resonance compared with two-dimensional nanostructured electrodes. ECDs 3D were designed to operate in transparent, mirror and black states. Finite-difference time-domain simulation was used find electrical field distributions three types ECD: glass/ITO Ag film, nanoparticles. had...

Dual function electrochemical devices with ion gel that fulfill both energy storage and light emission are herein reported. When operated in an mode, the show specific capacitance of 1.75 mF cm−2 good cycling life. Under alternative current bias (light mode), same emit through redox reactions. As a service to our authors readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by authors. Such materials peer reviewed may be re-organized for online delivery, but not copy-edited or...

Abstract Implementing nanostructures on plastic film is indispensable for highly efficient flexible optoelectronic devices. However, due to the thermal and chemical fragility of plastic, nanostructuring approaches are limited indirect transfer with low throughput. Here, we fabricate single-crystal AgCl nanorods by using a Cl 2 plasma Ag-coated polyimide. radicals react Ag form nanorods. The subjected compressive strain at its interface because larger lattice constant compared Ag. To minimize...

This paper reviews the principles, impediments, and recent progress in development of ultrathin flexible Ag electrodes for use optoelectronic devices. Thin Ag-based are promising candidates next-generation transparent electrodes. that have a microcavity structure show best device performance, but relatively low optical transmittance (OT) due to reflection absorption photons by thin Ag; this trait causes problems such as spectral narrowing change emission color with viewing angle white...

Three primary colors, cyan, yellow, and green, are obtained from Ag nano-dot embedded organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). By changing the thickness of film, size spacing nano-dots controlled. The generated emissive layer in OLEDs interacts with free electrons near nano-dots, which leads to LSPR absorption scattering. UV-visible spectra glass/ITO/Ag samples show intense peaks 430 nm 520 an increase size. And also, Rayleigh scattering results...

Flexible inverted top‐illuminated polymer solar cells (IT‐PSCs) are fabricated by wetting of polyelectrolyte and designing a microcavity structure laying an indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO) interlayer on top Ag reflector. The ITO‐coated makes the surface hydrophilic, thereby improving wettability polyethyleneimine (PEIE). This increased PEIE yields reflective cathode with low work function 3.73 eV. ITO layer also tunes light absorption spectrum in active layer. Finite‐domain time‐difference simulation...

Graphene has shown strong potential to occupy transparent electrodes, replacing indium tin oxide (ITO). However, the commercialization of graphene is still limited because its poor chemical and electrical stability from reaction with environmental factors or essential materials such as poly[3,4-(ethylenedioxy)thiophene]:poly(styrenesulfonate) ( PSS). Here, we have demonstrated a multilayered electrode in which sandwiched between metal oxides (MOs) that high optical properties. The MOs...

A flexible hazy substrate (FHS) with embedded air bubbles to increase light extraction efficiency of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is reported. In order embed the in substrate, micropatterned substrates are fabricated by plasma treatment, and then coated a planarization layer. During layer coating, trapped between The haze FHS can be controlled from 1.7% 68.4% changing size micropatterns adjusting treatment time. shows average 68.4%, total transmittance 90.3%, extremely flat surface...

For flexible organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), roll-to-roll production enables low-cost fabrication and wide-ranging applications. Choosing an appropriate substrate material is one of the critical issues in OLEDs. We demonstrated top-emitting OLEDs with a highly reflective distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) using metal foil substrate. The DBR, made seven pairs SiO2/ZrO2, was formed by electron-beam evaporation on showed high reflectivity 90.5% at λ = 500 nm. DBR served not only as...

We replace Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) with an MgO nano-facet Embedded WO(3)/Ag/WO(3)(WAW) multilayer for electrodes of high efficiency OLEDs. WAW shows higher values transmittance (93%) and conductivity (1.3×10(5) S/cm) than those ITO. Moreover, (92.5%) that ITO (86.4%) in the blue region (<500 nm). However, due to large difference refractive indices (n) glass (n=1.55) WO(3) (n=1.95), incident light has a small critical angle (52°). Thus, generated is confined by glass/WAW interface, resulting...

We investigated phase-controllable copper oxide (CuOx) as a hole injection layer for improving the electrical and optical properties of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The phase CuOx is changed from CuO to Cu2O by elevating deposition rate during thermal evaporation, non-stoichiometric film mixing with two phases occurs in intermediate condition. In films, unbonded oxygen atoms large density gap states are induced near Fermi level, acting transport path. Thus, holes can be more easily...

This paper presents a method to produce subwavelength-scale (&lt;250 nm) AgCl nanostructures on flexible plastic film, which is indispensable for highly efficient displays.

We enhanced the optical transmittance of a multilayer barrier film by inserting refractive index grading layer (RIGL). The result indicates that Fresnel reflection, induced difference indices between SixNy and SiO2, is reduced RIGL. To eliminate reflection while maintaining high transmittance, optimized design structures with RIGL was conducted using an simulator. With RIGL, we achieved averaged in visible wavelength region 89.6%. It found structure has higher (89.6%) than no sample (82.6%)....

We report the enhancement of electroluminescent property top emitting organic light diodes (TEOLEDs) using thermally evaporated copper oxide as a hole injection layer (HIL) between UV ozone-treated silver (Ag) anodes and -bis[-(1-naphthyl)--phenylamino]biphenyl . The operation voltage TEOLEDs at decreased from 6.2 to 5.0 V 2 nm thick was used HIL. layers were separately in situ deposited on both Ag -coated their interface dipole energies quantitatively determined synchrotron radiation...

This paper describes a way to implement transparent electrode for symmetrical emission from the bottom and top sides of organic light-emitting diodes (TOLEDs). An ultrathin (~6 nm) smooth Ag film was achieved by using pretreatment oxygen plasma prior deposition nanoscale-thin on glass. The treatment increased surface energy, thereby enhancing wettability glass substrate consequently leading formation thin unifrom with high optical transmittance T ~ 76% low sheet resistance RS <; 15 Ω □ <sup...

Abstract Subwavelength-scale nanorods were implemented on the hexagonal pyramid of photochemically etched light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to improve light extraction efficiency (LEE). Sequential processes Ag deposition and inductively coupled plasma etching successfully produce both locally unetched flat surface sidewall pyramids. The subwavelength-scale structures offer gradually changed refractive index, side wall reduce backward reflection, thereby enhancing further enhancement efficiency....

We investigated alkali metal doping mechanism by comparative analysis between an Mg-Alq3 co-deposition (Mg:Alq3) and Mg deposition on Alq3 films (Mg/Alq3). The operating voltage decreased 0.4 V the luminance increased 60 cd/m2 at 11 mA/cm2 for devices constructed from Mg:Alq3. However, device characteristics of Mg/Alq3 samples were degraded. Our experimental results using in-situ photoemission study showed that in did not induce band bending, but reduce electron injection barrier charge...

A new type of multifunctional barrier film is proposed that prevents penetration by both water and ultraviolet (UV) light. To enable a low-cost simple process, fabrication approach developed uses UV-distributed Bragg reflector structures to combine thin-film passivation UV reflector. As service our authors readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed may be re-organized for online delivery, but not copy-edited or typeset....

Nano- or micro-structured glass substrates have been widely used for displays, but a significant drawback called haze that blurs the images. To eliminate while maintaining high total optical transmittance (Ttotal), optimized design of textured structures on single- and double-side was investigated using rigorous coupled-wave analysis method. With truncated cone-shaped nanostructures having period (Λ) = 200 nm, top-diameter to bottom-diameter ratio (R) 0.4 height (h) ≥ 150 nm both sides...

We enhanced the optical transmittance of silver-coated alkaline-earth metal films by modulation surface plasmons (SPs) coupling. The result indicates that a film is controlled SPs coupling at interface with dielectric substrate. Because originate from between free charge and incident light, there exists in an Ag layer These lead to longitudinal density fluctuations propagate along substrate/Ag interface, resulting decreased property (47.9% visible region) 10 nm thick on both have negative...

In article number 1600651, Keun Hyung Lee, Jong-Lam and co-workers describe a switchable dual-function electronic device that can store electric charges emit photons with λ = 620 nm using ionic liquid based polymer gel electrolytes, ion gels. A sandwich-type performs energy storage function through pseudo-capacitive charge transfer reactions in DC operation mode the same radiates light electrochemiluminescent redox under an AC condition.