Software traceability establishes and leverages associations between diverse development artifacts. Researchers have proposed the use of deep learning trace models to link natural language artifacts, such as requirements issue descriptions, source code; however, their effectiveness has been restricted by availability labeled data efficiency at runtime. In this study, we propose a novel framework called Trace BERT (T-BERT) generate links code To address sparsity, leverage three-step training...

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) consisting of macro- and pico-cells can well tackle the contradictory requirements on large coverage network high data rate at hot spots. In this paper, we study energy-efficient precoding for coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission HetNets. We formulate a problem that maximizes energy efficiency under constraints individual date requirement from each user, maximal transmit power base station (BS), zero-forcing (ZF) HetNet where macro-BS cooperates with...

The tremendous popularity of smart phones and electronic tablets has spurred the explosive growth high-rate multimedia services promptly boomed energy consumption in wireless networks. Therefore, energy-efficient design networks is very important attracting more attention, just like conventional spectral-efficient design. In this paper, we study downlink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) with effective capacity-based delay provisioning for delay-sensitive traffic. By...

By integrating the merits of aerial, terrestrial, and satellite communications, space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) is an emerging solution that can provide massive access, seamless coverage, reliable transmissions for global-range applications. In SAGINs, uplink connectivity from ground users (GUs) to essential because it ensures data collections interactions, thereby paving technical foundation practical implementations SAGINs. this article, we aim establish accurate analytical...

World semantics refers to how individuals comprehend and ascribe meaning phenomena within specific sociocultural environmental contexts. And it significantly influences people conceptualize numerical properties, such as quantity ("how many") order ("which"), influencing their resolution of cardinal ordinal task. In reveal the influence world on joint effects encoding spatial-numerical responses related numbers, this study conducted three experimental contexts with distinct representations:...

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have the potential to overcome deployment constraint of Internet Things (IoT) in remote or rural area. Wirelessly powered communications (WPC) can address battery limitation IoT devices through transferring wireless power devices. The integration UAVs and WPC, namely UAV-enabled Wireless Powering (Ue-WPIoT) greatly extend applications from cities areas. In this article, we present a state-of-the-art overview Ue-WPIoT by first illustrating working flow...

In the past decades, due to low design cost and easy maintenance, text-based CAPTCHAs have been extensively used in constructing security mechanisms for user authentications. With recent advances machine/deep learning recognizing CAPTCHA images, growing attack methods are presented break CAPTCHAs. These machine learning/deep learning-based attacks often rely on training models massive volumes of data. The poorly constructed data also leads accuracy attacks. To investigate this issue, we...

With the proliferation of wireless communication technologies, user equipments (UEs) in rural or disaster areas have data-transmission demand to upload their data core network. However, current networks lack coverage due absence damage of/to infrastructures. To address this issue, a promising solution is employing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as relays assist backhaul UEs remote ground base stations (GBSs). For convenience, we call these UAV-assisted (UABNs). This paper aims investigate...

Software projects produce large quantities of data such as feature requests, requirements, design artifacts, source code, tests, safety cases, release plans, and bug reports. If leveraged effectively, this can be used to provide project intelligence that supports diverse software engineering activities planning, impact analysis, analytics. However, stakeholders often lack skills formulate complex queries needed retrieve, manipulate, display the in meaningful ways. To address these challenges...

Software traceability establishes associations between diverse software artifacts such as requirements, design, code, and test cases. Due to the non-trivial costs of manually creating maintaining links, many researchers have proposed automated approaches based on information retrieval techniques. However, globally distributed projects produce written in two or more languages. The use intermingled languages reduces efficacy tracing solutions. In this paper, we first analyze discuss patterns...

In many regulated domains, traceability is established across diverse artifacts such as requirements, design, code, test cases, and hazards - either manually or with the help of supporting tools, resulting trace links are used to support activities impact analysis, compliance verification, safety inspections. Automated tracing techniques need leverage semantics underlying in order establish more accurate provide explanations that have been created a manual automated fashion. To this, we...

Experimental and numerical investigations of the tip leakage flow characteristics between turbine blade stator wall (shroud) were conducted by a particle image velocimetry (PIV) system commercially available software CFX 11.0. A three-time scaled profile GE-E3 was used as specimen. Two rows cylindrical film-cooling holes with 1.5mm diameter arranged in tip. One row 5 placed pressure side just below groove floor, other 11 equidistantly on along mid camber line. To exhibit generation movement...

Software traceability establishes and leverages associations between diverse development artifacts. Researchers have proposed the use of deep learning trace models to link natural language artifacts, such as requirements issue descriptions, source code; however, their effectiveness has been restricted by availability labeled data efficiency at runtime. In this study, we propose a novel framework called Trace BERT (T-BERT) generate links code To address sparsity, leverage three-step training...

Widespread application of multimedia wireless services and requirement ubiquitous access have triggered rapidly booming energy consumption at both transmitter the receiver sides. Hence, energy-efficient design in networks is very important becoming an inevitable trend. In this paper, we take decoding power into consideration when studying joint for achieving high efficiency (EE). Based on a new function between transmit data rate that derived by minimizing lower bound overall power,...

The ubiquitous applications of high-data-rate realtime wireless services have promptly boomed energy consumption in networks. Therefore, energy-efficient design networks is very important and attracting more research attention. In this paper, we study the quality-of-service (QoS) driven downlink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) network. By integrating information theory with concept effective capacity, formulate an efficiency (EE) optimization problem statistical QoS...

In this paper, we employ stochastic geometry to analyze ground-to-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. We consider multiple UAVs provide user-equipments (UEs) with uplink transmissions, where the distribution of UEs follows Poisson Cluster process (PCP) and each UAV is dedicated a specific cluster. particular, characterize Laplace transform interference caused by in terms as well transmission probability UE. then derive analytical expressions successful probability. next conduct...

In this paper, we investigate an energy-efficient coordinated multiple point (CoMP) transmission strategy for downlink heterogeneous cellular networks. We combine CoMP joint processing (CoMP-JP) and beamforming (CoMP-CB), two special cases of CoMP, in a time division manner to improve both energy efficiency (EE) spectral (SE). formulate the problem as minimizing total transmit power consumed by macro- pico-base stations (BSs) under constraints on data rate requirements from pico-users,...

A large number of potential noise sources appear in building HVAC&R systems installation. Noise generated central plant can be confined within installation rooms, located the basement or on top a building, and treated properly. But ductwork still remains as an effective sound transmission path inside which turbulent flow is source broadband noise. Air distribution system including fan, straight pipe, elbow, branch take-off, grilles, diffusers, terminal boxes, manifolds, etc. should designed...

Many brain decoding algorithms are based on the assumption that training and test data in same feature space have distribution. However, many practical applications, statistical distribution of signal varies across subjects as well sessions, restricting transferability or models between different sessions. In this study, we focus problem magnetoencephalography (MEG) signal. By reviewing transfer learning literatures achieved satisfactory results decoding, proposed a new method for MEG...

Software traceability provides support for various engineering activities including Program Comprehension; however, it can be challenging and arduous to complete in large industrial projects. Researchers have proposed automated techniques create, maintain leverage trace links. Computationally intensive techniques, such as repository mining deep learning, showed the capability deliver accurate The objective of achieving trusted, tracing at scale has not yet been successfully accomplished due...

The use of Natural Language (NL) interfaces to allow devices and applications respond verbal commands or free-form textual queries is becoming increasingly prevalent in our society. To a large extent, their success interpreting responding request dependent upon rich underlying ontologies conceptual models that understand the technical domain specific vocabulary diverse users. effective NL Software Engineering (SE) domains requires its own ontology focusing software related terms concepts....