Blending hydrogen and methane with diesel in compression ignition engines has been proven to improve both performance emissions. This work further explores the combustion characteristics emissions of a direct injection (DICI) engine fuelled various blend ratios hydrogen, respect varying intake air temperatures, as ratio can affect mixture formation process such high-speed in-cylinder phenomena. A numerical study using ANSYS Fluent was conducted based on 0.406-litre Yanmar L100AE-D...

The necessity for renewable energy sources is on the increase all around world because of negative consequences burning fossil fuel to produce energy. Recently, Saudi Arabia has decided become world's largest producer solar by vision Kingdom in 2030. This study mainly focuses developing a photovoltaic cell based thermoelectric refrigerator (compressor less refrigerator) which can function as system houses. design was going be equipped with controller and sensors reach required minimum...

Compressed natural gas (CNG) has been widely used as alternatives to gasoline and diesel in automotive engines. It is a very promising alternative fuel due many reasons including adaptability those engines, low cost, emission levels. Unfortunately, when converting CNG, engines usually suffer from reduced power limited engine speed. These are volumetric loss slower flame Direct injection (DI) can mitigate these problems by injecting CNG after the intake valve closes, thus increasing...

The design of the ventilation and fire safety systems for Johor Bahru Sentral, a semi-underground train station, part Integrated Custom, Immigration Quarantine Complex (ICIQ) is based on normal Malaysian Standards (MS), British local department’s requirements. However, large complex space in underground station coupled with scheduled diesel-powered locomotives which frequent by stopping or passing require detailed simulations. Both employ Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) methods to provide...

The effects of hydrogen enrichment in a naturally aspirated spark ignition engine fuelled with compressed natural gas were investigated. A mixer that can control the fraction and assure homogeneity CNG was used experiments. Hydrogen mitigates some inherent problem by improving combustion due to its higher heating value, wider flammability limits, lower energy faster flame speed. work aimed at analyzing effect between 10% 30% volume on performance emission full load conditions across various...

This paper explains the effect of various lubricant and engine temperatures on intake mass air flow, noise pressure behaviour a motor-driven spark ignition engine. The pressure, flow changes were recorded under steady state operating condition with an increased speed in which both volume temperature remained unchanged for each sets test. was driven by electric motor at wide-open throttle constant ranging from 500 to 3000 rpm increment. cooling water set 32°C (unheated) 90°C (heated) run. In...

This paper describes an improvement of full-load performance internal combustion engine using Adaptive Valve Lift And Timing Mechanism (AVLT). AVLT enables power by increasing valve timing and lift at high speed load operating regions. It utilizes fluids pressure difference with respect to actuate the mechanism which will make higher longer duration loads. Since can be linearly correlated these pressures, a mechanical sliding arm actuation is constructed based on their transient behavior....

Untreated waste cooking oil (UWCO) is not a feasible diesel fuel. The major problems in engine operation are reported mainly due to UWCO’s high viscosity. To use UWCO's without modification, it necessary make sure that the oils properties must be similar In this study, UWCO has been used several times for frying purposes investigated utilization as an alternative fuel engines. order reduce viscosity, were blend with diesel. Two various blends of and prepared its important such density,...

4 Abstract: Converting a gasoline engine to propane (LPG) usually results in power reduction. This can be mitigated by careful design of the injection system so heat required for evaporation LPG is drawn from intake air, it cooled and densified, resulting an increase volumetric efficiency. In this work, sprays were imaged using Mie LIF imaging techniques direct (GDI) injector, port fuel injector long short pipes connecting remote metering valve point. Images taken optically accessed pressure...

A survey was conducted to find the impact of quality students and experience gained through international challenges outdoor project activities which involved UKM. The done on that participated in Shell Eco Marathon first organized Malaysia Asia region. objective is out whether have acquired creativity, self confidence, team work, good management communication how work achieving goals project. This brief analysis has shown response management, teamwork. There some indication sports create...

A flat-plate unglazed solar water heater (SWH) with a polymer thermal absorber was developed and experimented with. Polymer absorbers could be viable alternative to metal for SWH systems. The performance of this system measured based on inlet outlet temperature, flow rate, ambient air temperature irradiance. were hollow Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) tubes 20 mm external diameter 3 thickness painted black enhance radiation absorption. pipes are arranged in rectangular spiral inward–outward...

Power reduction when converting a gasoline engine to propane can be mitigated by designing an injection system so the heat required for evaporation of is drawn from intake air. Air cooled and densified, resulting in volumetric efficiency increase. LPG sprays were imaged using Mie LIF imaging techniques port fuel injector, long short connecting pipes. Images taken optically-accessed pressure chamber at atmospheric pressures 1.5 MPa. pipe-coupled spray show significant pipe, whose amount...

<abstract> <p>In the rural areas of Saudi Arabia, which are not connected to national grid, electricity is supplied mainly from diesel generators. This just a non-renewable energy source, but it has also resulted in environmental damage and may be hazardous human health. In order mitigate problem, integration with solar photovoltaic system proposed. A Photovoltaic-Diesel Hybrid System (PvDHS) was designed, analyzed, optimized based on climate data Yanbu, Arabia. Measured local...

This paper presents work conducted at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia to support HCCI Engine Program. The objective of this is develop an engine that employs Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion and features using Palm Oil Methyl ester as fuel. A Novel palm oil product usage for fuel was investigated. Different percentage blend Ester RON 97 tested Digital Boom Calorimeter. An experiment based on 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% 100% blending between...

This paper explains about an improvement of high end performance using adaptive valve lift and timing mechanism (AVLT). system is developed with aim to produce a more powerful engine through variable technique. The preliminary design this adjusts the via control lever positioned by rotation electric motor has potential be actuated hydraulic cylinder that utilises fluids pressure difference respect speed which made lifts higher in loads. actuation determined feedback signal electronic unit...

This paper explains about the evaluation of intake air flow, volumetric efficiency and noise a motor-driven engine that used an adaptive valve lift timing mechanism (AVLT) on one valve. system is developed with aim to produce more powerful through variable technique. The made lifts higher without increasing duration. Therefore, dynamic profile respect speed can be achieved thus varies input output engine. As result applying AVLT engine, noise, emission mass flow entering cylinder was...