SUMMARY Morphological phylogenetic analyses suggest that scalidophorans (priapulids, loriciferans, and kinorhynchs) nematoids (nematodes nematomorphs) form the ecdysozoan clade Cycloneuralia, which is a sister group to panarthropods. It has been proposed extant priapulids Cambrian priapulid‐like scalidophorans, because of their conserved evolution, have potential illuminate ancestral morphology, ecology, developmental biology highly derived ecdysozoans such as nematods arthropods. As such,...

Morphology-based phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of Scalidophora (Kinorhyncha, Loricifera, Priapulida) and Nematoida (Nematoda, Nematomorpha), together constituting monophyletic Cycloneuralia that is sister group Panarthropoda. Kinorhynchs are unique among living cycloneuralians in having a segmented body with repeated cuticular plates, longitudinal muscles, dorsoventral ganglia. Molecular clock estimates suggest kinorhynchs may have diverged Ediacaran Period. Remarkably, no...

<p>Geological background, age constraints, stratigraphic correlation with Siberia, assessment of fossil provenance and contamination, micro-CT scan parameters, systematic paleontology, supplemental figures, tables. </p>

<p>Geological background, age constraints, stratigraphic correlation with Siberia, assessment of fossil provenance and contamination, micro-CT scan parameters, systematic paleontology, supplemental figures, tables. </p>

Archaeocyaths are biocalcified sponges largely restricted to the early Cambrian Period. Their perforated cup-shaped body facilitated filter feeding. Many of them were clonal modular animals that formed earliest metazoan skeletal reefs. In Siberia, archaeocyaths extend from late Age 2 4 Cambrian, representing an ∼15 m.y. range (ca. 525−510 Ma). Elsewhere, emerged later than in Siberia and, places, survived middle-late Cambrian. The existing fossil record thus indicates out-of-Siberia scenario...

Abstract Animals with radial symmetry are abundant in the Cambrian Fortunian Stage of South China, but relatively low diversity: representatives include Olivooides , Quadrapyrgites carinachitiids, hexangulaconulariids and Pseudooides . Here, we report a new animal, Qinscyphus necopinus gen. et sp. nov., from small shelly fauna southern Shaanxi Province, China. has cup‐shaped profile, slightly raised annuli five groups triangular thickenings pentaradial symmetry. This organism comparable...

Hyaluronic acid/silk fibroin (HA/SF or HS) hydrogels with remarkable mechanical characteristics have been reported as tissue engineering biomaterials. Herein, the addition of dopamine/polydopamine (DA/PDA) to HS develop multifunctional HA/PDA/SF (or HDS) for delivery drugs such N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) from nasal brain is examined. DA-dependent functions HDS highly adhesive forces, photothermal response (PTR) effects generated by near infrared (NIR) irradiation, and anti-oxidative were...

Abstract Although molecular studies estimated that cycloneuralians might have originated in the Ediacaran Period and diversified early Cambrian, it was not until 2014 they were first reported from Cambrian Fortunian Stage. To date only two species five indeterminate forms been described. Here, we report new three‐dimensionally phosphatized microfossils of Zhangjiagou Lagerstätte, South China. Two genera species, Qinscolex spinosus gen. et sp. nov. Shanscolex decorus nov., Indeterminate Forms...

Abstract The latest discovery of microfossils from the lower Cambrian (Fortunian Stage) Zhangjiagou Lagerstätte in South China are presented. This lagerstätte is rich exceptionally preserved microfossils, including embryos Olivooides multisulcatus , mirabilis and Pseudooides prima ; hatched stages O . Hexaconularia sichuanensis Quadrapyrgites quadratacris cycloneuralians represented by Eopriapulites sphinx largest known fragment implies that its adult length can be more than 9.0 mm with at...

Abstract In the conventional process of thermoplastic composites, a heating stage from external heat source usually consumes large amount energy. To solve this problem, self‐resistance electric (SRE) carbon fiber‐reinforcement was introduced to form continuous fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (CF/PA 6) composite based on film stacking technique in paper. The temperature distribution first measured verify uniformity for SRE process. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) used assess effects...

Microfossils of the genus Punctatus include developmental stages such as blastula, gastrula, and hatchlings, represent most complete sequence animals available from earliest Cambrian. Despite extremely well-preserved specimens, evolutionary position has relied only on their conical remains they have been tentatively assigned to cnidarians. We present a new interpretation body plan based reconstruction aided by recent advances in biology.Punctatus developed rather large egg, gastrulated mode...

Abstract Some rare microscopic cycloneuralians are present in the Cambrian of South China, represented by Eopriapulites and Eokinorhynchus (both early Cambrian), fossil embryos Markuelia (middle to late palaeoscolecids (early Cambrian). Among them, relatively diverse abundant. Here, we describe new material three-dimensionally phosphatized from Paibian Stage Wangcun Lagerstätte, western Hunan, China. New includes assignable sp., two other types embryos, three species palaeoscolecids,...

Abstract We describe new material of three‐dimensionally phosphatized small shelly fossils Acanthocassis and Xinlispina gen. nov. from the Fortunian Stage (early Cambrian) southern Shaanxi northern Sichuan Provinces. The materials allow description delicate morphology these skeletons, also their skeletogenesis. have comparable morphological features: a main branch radially arranged sub‐branches. They differ each other in many details, e.g., presence single central only , nodes Acanthocassis....

Abstract The stamping molding with self‐resistance electric (SRE) heating is advantageous for the mass production of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRT) because its short cycle and energy efficiency. mechanism SRE different from traditional oven heating. impact on CFRT laminates under loading ambiguous. In this article, tensile testing systems were designed. temperature distribution, mechanical response, strain, failure mode polyamide 6 (CFR‐PA6) are studied contrasted Specifically,...

Abstract The Jehol fauna was initially represented by a bony fish, concostracan and an insect, as Lycoptera davidi–Eosestheria–Ephemeropsis trisetalis association, but since the researches of recent decades, Biota is now completely different from past low‐diversity, encompasses native terrestrial biota that includes many well‐preserved vertebrates, invertebrates plants. There are more than 20 important biological categories, thousands taphonomically unusual fossils, especially noted for wide...

Fine pyroclastic materials form bentonites through subsidence, hydrolysis, and argillation in alkaline marine environments, which can further transform to K‐bentonite. Bentonites or K‐bentonites are quite popular with geologists because their formation often reflects geologic events. However, studies mainly focus on K‐bentonite, research ordinary China is almost nonexistent. Recent shows that the Wangpo shale consists of bentonites. Through thorough field investigations, indoor...