The strain superposition concept, proposed for ballast study, is applied here to evaluate accumulation laterally loaded piles in sand. It shown that the soil properties, types of pile installation, cyclic loading types, embedded length, and pile/soil relative stiffness ratio are important factors influence behavior under mixed lateral loads. These quantified by means a degradation factor, t, which derived from results 20 full-scale load tests then verified using 6 additional tests.

In an effort to develop efficient method for interpretation of lateral pile load test results via measured inclinometer data only, analytical model is proposed based on energy conservation a pile-soil system. A Fourier series function used represent deflection behavior the order obtain shear, moment, and soil reaction along shaft, convergence after differentiation guaranteed by applying Cesaro sum technique. The concrete cracking effect also incorporated into account yielding itself. Three...

Three case histories of failure piles caused by ground lateral spreading are back studied using the beam on Winkler foundation method including nonlinear soil springs and a moment-curvature relation for pile. Soil loads pile modeled based modified Bouc-Wen model. The effect is laterally displacing spring support an amount equal to free field permanent deformation. Design procedures suggested Tokimatsu et al. JRA were also used evaluation compared available observation results. Buckling...

ABSTRACT This paper reports the results of a series full-scale drilled shaft load tests subjected to combined axial and lateral loading only. The tested shafts, 1.4m in diameter, were embedded 37m sandy silt. All shafts installed using reverse circulation method. test indicated, given same loading, 63% pile head displacement resulted from corresponded with case compared numerical software LPILE as well analytical solutions proposed by senior author his co-workers. bending moments along...

In this paper, the axial performance of two heavily instrumented barrette piles, with and without grouting, socket into gravel layer in Taipei are evaluated based on results pile load tests. Both piles 44m long same dimension 0.8 by 2.7m, installed hydraulic bucket. One toe grouting was 6m other 3m layer. The versus displacement relationships at head, t-z curves upper soil layers bottom layer, tip resistance important concerns presented paper. interpreted from measured data along depth also...

Abstract In this paper, an efficient method is proposed to derive cyclic p-y curves from either push-over or shaking table test results. The Fourier series function, satisfying the boundary conditions of a pile, used represent deflection behavior pile-soil system at each instant time during loading interval. order obtain soil reaction along pile shaft, convergence after differentiation guaranteed by applying Cesaro sum technique. Results four tests and two other results, conducted National...

Load-deflection responses of laterally loaded piles are often obtained via in-situ lateral pile load tests. Problems such tests the difficulties occurring during data interpretation. In an effort to develop efficient analytical method for analyzing deformation piles, model is proposed based on energy conservation pile-soil system. The not only provides a direct solution deflection function, but also has less need complicated subsurface soil properties. this paper, authors present theory and...

This paper presents six case histories of load tests on reverse circulation method installed drilled shafts, with or without tip grouting, under axial load. Shaft displacement readings based both telltale/extensometer and rebar strain gage are presented first. Subsequently, effect loading cycle shaft elastic modulus estimation is evaluated. The versus relationships at the head, t-z curves clay layer gravel resistance other important concerns compared in this paper. In addition, revised...

Compressive tests on piles socketed in gravelly sediments were conducted. Six bored and four barrette piles, with or without base grouting, studied using back-analysis. A spline function was used to fit the measured data for pile load along depth. Using fitted assuming that behaviour at pile–soil interface is hyperbolic, back-analysis determine model parameters by calibrating design value of β (the product coefficient horizontal soil stress tangent effective angle shearing resistance...

The purpose of the paper is to compare coring results obtained after base mud cleaning and/or grouting and shaft load test before treatment drilled foundation a building project in Taipei. Three different methods, which used flat jack, U-shaped tube modified tube, were employed treatment. Procedures devices for this project, especially those reverse circulation installed treatment, are introduced. Interpretation based on was applied using three methods discussed case study. In addition, with...

In addition to nonlinear soil behavior has been assumed in conventional analytical method, performance of the laterally loaded drilled-shaft is also strongly influenced by possible concrete cracking, steel yielding, and shaft/soil separation interaction. However, these factors are often neglected most available methods studied results. The main purpose this paper investigate importance above-mentioned effects on lateral drilled reinforced-concrete shaft. finite element code, ABAQUS, which...

A numerical procedure for structural analysis of bored piles is proposed that uses the composite filamented beam element. The stiffness about reference axes obtained by summing contributions from all concrete filaments and embedded reinforcements. Once has cracked at a filament, its effect on pile neglected. This models variation beyond cracking loads. Soil loads are modeled nonlinear soil springs. These springs use modified Ramberg-Osgood model to represent lateral response hyperbolic...

Abstract The stability of piles that are supported laterally along part their length or entire by a layered elastic medium is investigated for the case in which each layer has general power distribution coefficient horizontal subgrade reaction. potential energy method used to develop model. deflection functions nine different boundary condition combinations developed using Rayleigh‐Ritz Gabr et al. (1997) adopted study. Numerical examples effects pile conditions, soil reaction, embedment,...

In this paper, failure of a drilled shaft stabilised slope during basement excavation an office building in Taipei city, Taiwan, is investigated. Four and two stages along the respective east west sides site were planned. A row shafts was installed each side before excavation. Severe movement occurred extended outside project area on both due to weak clay layer overlying bedrock, unpredicted local trough between soil/rock interface improper design shafts. Study possible reasons for includes...

An analytical procedure for analysis of laterally loaded piles in a two-layered elastic soil system is proposed. The uses the variational method to obtain governing differential equation pile and system. important foundation properties are quantified through one interaction parameter γ layers. γ-parameter controls stress decay away from pile. Either free or fixed head conditions may be considered. results obtained using proposed compared with experimental theoretical by other investigators.

In this paper, the behavior and performance of two instrumented barrette piles socketed in gravel formation Taipei are evaluated based on results axial loading tests. The tests include compressive conducted 44m long. One with toe grouting was socket 6m into layer other pile without 3m layer. load versus displacement curve at head t-z curves along shaft, especially for part layer, main concerns presented discussed paper. interpreted from measured data depth also simulated by hyperbolic model.

Permanent ground deformation or lateral spreading is observed to be the main cause for distress of piles embedded in liquefied ground. The purpose this paper use uncoupled method analysis spread effect on piles. computer code, CYCLIC-1D (Elgamal, et al., 2002) developed at University California San Diego and accessible from web, used estimation. Subsequently, pile performance, treated as beam Winkler foundation, studied considering obtained CYCLIC-1D. Three centrifuge tested examples one...

Caisson foundation is a common type of used for cross-river bridges in Taiwan. In this paper, failure envelope with respect to scouring depth, river flow velocity and water level effect study how decisions are made on the closing during severe storm or typhoon. Two caisson case studies also presented check applicability method. And analysis results show that among three factors considered envelope, variation depth has higher influence stability change.