This paper aims to crack the individual EV charging scheduling problem considering dynamic user behaviors and electricity price. The uncertainty of demand is described by several factors, including driver's experience, preference locations for realistic scenarios. An aggregate anxiety concept introduced characterize both on EV's range uncertain events. A mathematical model also provided describe quantitatively. formulated as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) with an unknown state transition...

The growth of electric vehicles (EVs) significantly increases the residential electricity demand and potentially leads to overload transformer in distribution grid. Aiming coordinate charging control EVs, this article formulates EVs problem as a Markov game with an unknown transition function proposes cooperative strategy based on multiagent deep reinforcement learning. uncertainties from dynamic price, non-EV load consumption drivers' individual behaviors are considered construct...

This paper proposes a novel double-fed induction generator based wind-energy conversion system (WECS), which incorporates dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) and energy storage system. The DVR is in series with the output terminal of wind turbine (WTG) parallel to dc link WTG ESS. control scheme WECS designed suppress power fluctuations compensate grid disturbances, turn improve fault ride through capability penetration level. Finally, performance this investigated under various operation...

The hybrid energy storage system (HESS) plays an essential role in the shipboard medium-voltage dc (MVdc) to provide backup power, buffer large load change, as well improve power quality. In this paper, a novel virtual resistor and capacitor droop (VRCD) control is first proposed for HESS including battery, supercapacitor, flywheel. It enables generator multiple types of storages (ESs) with different characteristics respond multiple-frequency unbalanced instead simple high-frequency...

The uncertainties from the distributed energy resources (DERs) and prosumer's heterogeneous characteristics bring great challenges to operation of community market. In this paper, real-time sharing management in market are decomposed into two-layered sub-problems: household appliance scheduling problem internal trading pricing problem. A hierarchical deep reinforcement learning (HDRL) based scheme is proposed for with multiple households, containing a two-stage process. inner stage,...

This study presents a non‐linear adaptive control (NAC) for the energy storage system (ESS) embedded dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) in enhancing low‐voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of wind farms. The proposed NAC features perturbation observer to estimate and then compensate real whole system, including parameter uncertainties, measurement noise, external disturbances such as different grid faults intermittent power. It can achieve an robust without requiring accurate model full‐state...

Uncertainties of intermittent renewables and complexities load demands bring challenges to the optimal operation microgrid. This paper proposes a fully distributed method based on consensus algorithm for solving economic dispatch problem (EDP) DC The proposed is performed using multiagent system. It only needs information from neighboring agents does not need central controller. A two-level control structure adopted realize voltage regulation simultaneously. upper level obtains power...

Unregulated charging of a large number electric vehicles (EVs) simultaneously may cause electricity shortages and price spikes in the power market. This paper deals with optimization EV strategy using priority sequence. Firstly, evaluation indices such as schedulable interval ratio, emergency probability battery losses are proposed. Then comprehensive system for scheduling is established by adopting entropy weight method to incorporate multiple indices. Based on obtained, double-hierarchical...

The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control method for energy storage is a promising way to improve the frequency stability of power system with large-scale renewable energy. However, due mismatch parameters, oscillations may occur when multiple VSGs are connected in parallel grid. In this paper, relationship between oscillation and inertia-droop parameters distribution paralleled derived by simplified response model. Furthermore, coordinate damping, paper formulates parameter tuning...

In recent years, with the expanding scope of Intelligent Cyber-Physical Transportation Systems (ICTS), Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) has also become a hot product in this field that consumers are paying attention to. Consumer-level AUVs have broad consumer market for underwater detection and search rescue due to their small size, autonomy, flexibility, long endurance. The formation multiple can complete more diverse complex tasks. However, only communicate when they float surface,...

This paper proposes a distributed algorithm to solve the economic dispatch problem (EDP) in microgrids based on an event-triggered mechanism with consideration of privacy-preserving. To protect privacy participants microgrids, each agent only needs broadcast one local state by well-designed algorithm. And random noise is added differential improve preservation further. Besides, implemented reduce consumption communication resources and enhance efficiency execution. The simulations...

To avoid the overuse and prolong lifetime of distributed energy storage units (DESUs), state charge (SOC) management DESUs cannot be ignored. The conventional control method will cause unnecessary discharge between units. And it suffers from frequency voltage deviation as well inaccurate reactive power allocation when time delays exist. address those problems, a cooperative based on PI consensus algorithm is proposed for in this paper. Two controllers are designed, where one combines SOC...

In this paper, a resilient distributed voltage control and limitation strategy are proposed to counter the deviation caused by destabilization attacks. The aims eliminate accumulative impact of With modified structure, it exchanges its output compensation term instead estimated average achieve regulation. Detailed theoretical analysis is conducted compare performance conventional against Additionally, developed restrict voltages within tolerant level. It works injecting virtual attacks into...