Older populations, being a unique subset of patients, have poor outcomes for emergency general surgery (EGS). In regions lacking specialized medical coverage older disparities in healthcare provision lead to clinical outcomes. We aimed identify factors predicting index admission inpatient mortality from EGS among sexagenarians, septuagenarians, and octogenarians.

Objectives To determine the association between maternal exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and child stunting using Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data comparing four South Asian countries. Design A secondary analysis. Setting Data from seventh round of DHS countries; Pakistan, Nepal, India Maldives. Participants Married women reproductive age (15–49 years) each household were randomly selected, having at least one less than 5 years for whom all anthropometric measures available....

Abstract Purpose Periodic revision of undergraduate medical education (UGME) curricula is an essential part evidence-based educational practices. Pakistan’s national UGME curriculum, last updated in 2005, was reviewed, and recommended updates were made 2022. The authors explore academic school leaders’ perspectives about the proposed reforms, gaps within existing how to ensure reform implementation effective, collaborative, feedback-driven. Method Using a mixed methods approach, data...

Child maltreatment is considered as a global social issue and results combined effect of parental background, socioeconomic environment, family structure, child characteristics. The aim this study was to determine factors associated with among children aged 11 17 years in Karachi, Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey 800 pairs (children ranging from old their parents) randomly selected 32 clusters using multistage cluster sampling. structured questionnaire adopted the International Society for...

Data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) conducted in 2009 consisting of 5192 Pakistani school-going adolescents was used to assess association between parent-child-relationship and physical-aggression. A multilevel-weighted-cox-proportional-algorithm performed. The overall prevalence physical-aggression 41% which 27% had a poor parent-child relationship. Male who have bond with their parents two times (95% CI: 1.82, 3.00) than those female strong parent-child-bonding....

Background Screening for neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in the postnatal ward has traditionally been performed using serum bilirubin sampling, but this significant drawbacks such as risk of infection and slower reporting time. Objective We aimed to assess impact introducing transcutaneous (TcBR) testing TcBR nomogram on number samples sent. Methods A before-and-after study was following introduction a protocol integrating use Dragger JM-105 bilirubinometer ward. Only babies born at ≥37 weeks...

<h3>Introduction</h3> Neonatal jaundice is a common cause of concern in immediate newborn period for parents as well the caregivers. Babies with visible are identified by healthcare provider, and blood samples sent confirmation. Clinical expertise varies from person to may lead sending excessive sampling. Obtaining bilirubin painful procedure; it predisposes baby infections requires skilled health personnel. Moreover, laboratory tests costly time consuming, leading unnecessary delays...

A prominent issue associated with HIV is the stigma around it owing to a lack of awareness. This study aimed find association between and AIDS-related knowledge discriminatory attitudes amongst Pakistani women reproductive age using 2017-18 Demographic Health Survey (PDHS) data. We analyzed sample 3381 ordinal logistic regression for complex survey Two composite variables were created module denote respondents' HIV-related their attitude toward people living (PLHIV) calculated scoring...

Abstract Background Self-Harm (SH) is a major global public health problem under-researched in Pakistan due to religious and legal implications. This study aims identify the characteristics patterns among patients with SH factors associated intent die. Method retrospective descriptive where cases presented private tertiary care teaching hospital Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2013 December 2017 were extracted HIMS records. Details related demography, history, factors, access methods used,...

Effective communication is key to a successful patient-doctor interaction and improved healthcare outcomes. However, skills training in residency often subpar, leading inadequate patient-physician communication. There dearth of studies exploring the observations nurses - members teams with special vantage point observe impact residents' patients. Thus, we aimed gauge perceptions regarding expertise.This study employed sequential mixed-methods design, was conducted at an academic medical...

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with impaired quality of life (QOL) individuals, predominantly in youth, who are most vulnerable to its impact. Psychological morbidity could be one the factors influencing QOL. The study investigated association between depressive symptoms and QOL Pakistani youth (15-24 years) PCOS determined other QOL.We conducted an analytical-cross-sectional survey on 213 single females aged 15-24 years recruited via a web-based approach. Depression were...

In many developing countries, physical child maltreatment is considered as an acceptable disciplinary strategy. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with among adolescents in Karachi, Pakistan. A survey 800 done using a structured questionnaire adopted by International Society for the Prevention Child Abuse and Neglect. Multiple linear regression methods were used measure maltreatment. mean score 17.5 ± 4.9, whereas minimum maximum 11 40, respectively. total variability...

The typically developing siblings of children with disabilities are vulnerable to behavioral problems as they grow up in an environment considerable stress. Yet, the needs and behavior these often neglected especially Pakistan. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed among developmental disabilities. strength difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) was administered on 250 (aged 6–17 years) a disability (Autism, Intellectual (ID), Down Syndrome (DS), Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD))...

This study aims to determine the burden and factors associated with perceived stress in Pakistani population amidst COVID-19 pandemic.A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April August 2020.This broadcasted on web using a Google form link 1654 residents had completed this survey. Individuals belonging any province, city, village, or district of Pakistan irrespective age, having internet access form, English/Urdu competency, consent participate, currently residing were...

Effective communication between physicians and patients plays an integral role in clinical care. Gaps a physician's ability to ensure effective communication, especially with from diverse backgrounds, are known causes of medical errors. This study explores the potential biases disparities patient-resident which may influence patient's quality exploratory qualitative was conducted at largest academic center Pakistan. Purposive sampling used approach participants surgery, medicine, obstetrics...

With a growing interest in simulation-based training to develop clinical proficiency, bootcamps have been utilized for imparting basic skills medical trainees. While considerable research on the topic exists high income countries, no such neurosurgical teaching standards employed Low- and Middle-Income Countries.We conducted cross-sectional study explore effectiveness of first low-cost, multi-center regional neurosurgery bootcamp South Asia. Twenty-two participants attended practiced 12...

Introduction Parents of children with developmental disabilities, particularly mothers, are likely to suffer from stress. Nevertheless, the association between parenting stress and type extent disability is far evident.Methods To examine relationship stress, disability, we collected demographic details Parenting Stress Scale 250 mothers a attending special-education schools in Karachi. Type were diagnosed by school's psychologist based on DSM criteria. Adjusted beta-coefficients along 95%...

This study aims to determine the burden of COVID19-induced internet addiction and related psychosocial factors among Pakistani sample. A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from January March 2021. An analytical broadcast on via a Google form completed by 1145 Pakistanis. Individuals aged 13 years above with competency comprehend English or Urdu language, currently residing in any province Pakistan, having access questionnaire, willing participate were eligible participate....

Abstract Background Parent-to-child maltreatment is considered one of the risk factors for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) symptoms, but this hypothesis has not been adequately tested in Pakistani settings. Aim This study aimed to examine association between parent-to-child and developing GAD symptoms among adolescents. Methods The none rare, occasionally, frequently with incidence was investigated a sample 800 adolescents aged 11–17 years who were followed two years. assessed using...

Patients perceive effective patient-doctor communication as an important metric when evaluating their satisfaction with health systems. Hence, optimal patient-physician is fundamental for quality healthcare. High-income countries (HICs) have extensively studied patient-resident communication. However, there a dearth of similar studies in low- and middle-income (LMICs). Therefore, we aimed to explore the current state barriers practicing good possible solutions mitigate these challenges at...