Due to the limitations of small targets in remote sensing images such as background noise, poor information, and so on, results commonly used detection algorithms target is not satisfactory. To improve accuracy results, we develop an improved algorithm based on YOLOv8, called LAR-YOLOv8. First, feature extraction network, local module enhanced by using dual-branch architecture attention mechanism, while vision transformer block maximize representation map. Second, attention-guided...

The advantages of hybrid energy ship with photovoltaic in conservation and emission reduction are becoming more prominent increasing tension global fossil energy. However, how to deal uncertainty real time make efficiently connected microgrid has become a key technical problem. Therefore, we propose real-time management strategy for based on approximate model predictive control. Firstly, aiming at minimizing the operating cost deviation from reference state charge, an framework control is...

This article explores the application of YOLOv11 algorithm in gesture recognition field to evaluate its performance human-computer interaction (HCI). By introducing YOLOv8 model and corresponding dataset for training, we obtained confusion matrix predicted by model, which shows that can accurately recognize most gestures, although there are a few cases misidentification. When IoU threshold is 0.5, average accuracy (mAP) steadily improves with progress indicating overall detection tasks has...

Single-photon lidar (SPL) exhibits high sensitivity, making it particularly suitable for detecting weak echoes over long distances. However, its susceptibility to background noise necessitates the implementation of advanced filtering techniques and complex algorithms, which can significantly increase system cost complexity. To address these challenges, we propose a time-division-multiplexing-based correlated photon that employs narrowband pulsed laser with stable time delays variable pulse...

A two-dimensional (2D) magnetic field vector sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. theoretical model established to analyze the physical mechanism in detail. The transmission response of depends on angle (θ) between orientation polarization direction tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) intensity (H) when keeping θ constant exhibits a sinuous behavior H constant. When -θ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> <; π - +...

In the process of blasting excavation, stress wave propagation and gas expansion can basically induce damage to surrounding rocks, which is detrimental rock mass integrity engineering safety. this case, evaluation control blast-induced effects are essential safety nearby buildings bedrock in field. Fangchenggang nuclear power station China, drill-and-blast method was employed for excavation. order reduce zone, associated should be carefully investigated. paper, regressively obtained from...

Laser tracking with a cooperative target has been widely used in many fields and becomes increasingly important while the non-cooperative is still challenge. In this article, pure laser scanning, ranging system based on single-point single photon detector (SP-SPD) proposed, which can achieve real-time without any other passive detection sensor. Through laboratory experiment, we realized angular measurement, of small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) at distance about 38 m. The results show that...

Variations in optical fiber length and refractive index are induced by environmental perturbation, resulting an additional dynamic propagation delay fiber-based time synchronization systems, which deteriorate their transfer stability. This disadvantage can be significantly reduced transmitting the signal both directions through constructing a feedback loop to compensate at remote end of link. paper proposes analog-digital hybrid proportional integral derivative (PID) control compensation...

Accurately spatiotemporal distribution of water bodies is great importance in the fields ecology and environment. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been widely used for this purpose due to their powerful features extraction ability. However, CNN methods two limitations extracting bodies. First, large variations both spatial spectral characteristics require that CNN-based ability multi-scale using multi-layer features. Second, collecting enough samples a difficult problem...

Chitosan is a kind of biodegradable natural polysaccharide, and it very promising adsorber material for removing metal ions from aqueous solutions. In this study, chitosan-based magnetic adsorbent CMC@Fe3O4 was synthesized by one-step method using carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) ferric salts under relatively mild conditions. The Fe3O4 microspheres were formed the core–shell structure in meantime, which well characterized via SEM/TEM, XRD, VSM, FT-IR, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), XPS, size...

Steroid hormones have been listed as priority pollutants in the environment, and their detection pollution control deserve our extensive attention.

In this paper, we propose a weak measurement method using two pointers to estimate the magneto-optical Kerr angle, which is robust ellipticity. The double are amplified displacement shift and intensity of post-selected light beam, conventional information carried by beam can be directly output detector (such as charge-coupled device). We demonstrate that product only related phase variation between basic vectors independent amplitude errors. process, when there an change or additional noise...

To implement high-resolution and low-light sensitive three-dimensional (3D) imaging for long-range applications while simplifying data collection reducing time, a polarization-modulated 3D structure, using large-aperture electro-optic modulator (EOM) electron-multiplying CCD (EMCCD), is proposed in this paper. As the EMCCD camera itself has no ability of time resolution high-speed gating due to integration mechanism, EOMs are used provide shutter simultaneously cameras obtain images from...

When using the traditional Douglas–Peucker (D–P) algorithm to simplify linear objects, it is easy generate results containing self-intersecting errors, thus affecting application of D–P algorithm. To solve problem self-intersection, a new vector line simplification based on algorithm, monotonic chains and dichotomy, proposed in this paper. First, used original lines, then simplified lines are divided into several chains. Second, dichotomy search intersection positions effectively,...

To implement high sensitivity, good anti-interference and low data rate simultaneously in optical heterodyne system, a photon counting mechanism is proposed this letter. Due to the stochastic behavior, single avalanche diode (SPAD) used as both collector sparse sampler. On one hand, it allows reduce power of intermediate frequency (IF) signal 1 picowatt or lower. other enables generate fewer samples while recovering spectrum based on compressive sampling (CS). Compared with direct FFT method...

Photon counting lidar has been widely used in long-distance target detection and long range active three-dimensional imaging fields due to its extremely high detecting sensitivity. The single-photon level sensitivity extends the of photon lidar, meanwhile makes it suffer from noise interference. Especially, strong sunlight background during daytime limits ability applications lidar. In this paper, a new type ultra-narrowband spectral filtering system is designed for based on which, working...

The detection principle and performance of the pseudo-random single photon counting ranging (PSPCR) Lidar system are investigated. probability efficiency (SPDE) macro code for PSPCR derived based on statistical theory. effects echo primary electrons number dead time SPDE analyzed. increases with increase electron tends toward saturation. change length has little effect code, especially when is large. However, inversely proportional to detected codes. longer time, fewer codes, worse...

To explore lidar, which can simultaneously measure the distance and velocity of long-distance targets at high resolution, a coherent lidar system based on chirp pulse compression has been studied. Instead conventional acousto-optic modulator (AOM), we used an electro-optic (EOM) to modulate continuous 1550 nm laser. Using EOM, resolution is higher simpler. The electrical waveform laser pulse, sweeping bandwidth 98 MHz, duration 10 µs, repetition rate 20 kHz. result 100 measurements shows...

A new encoding method is proposed to improve the performance of pseudo-random single-photon counting ranging (PSPCR) Lidar. The principle and methodology are presented. In addition, influence detector’s dead time on detection probability analyzed with theoretical derivation Monte Carlo simulation. Meanwhile, we propose using macro code as analysis unit quantitatively analyze efficiency traditional PSPCR Lidar modulated simulation experiment prove that exhibited better than system.