The utilization of polyols derived from renewable sources presents an opportunity to enhance the sustainability rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams, thereby contributing advancement a circular bioeconomy. This study explores development PUR foams exclusively using sourced second-generation biomass feedstocks, specifically depolymerized birch bark suberin (suberinic acids) and tall oil fatty acids. achieved total material content as high 74%, with suberinic acid 37%. Response surface modeling was...

The eco-friendly lifestyle has gained traction at individual and industrial levels, especially following Europe’s “Green Deal”. While the woodworking industry in Latvia made strides toward waste-free production, wood processing still produces by-products that require effective utilization. Instead of burning these residues for energy, a sustainable option is repurposing birch bark into suberinic acids adhesive, which environmentally friendly safe humans. Research shows thermally modified...

The birch (Betula spp.) outer bark is a valuable product rich in betulin. After removal of betulin extractives, suberin containing tissues are left. Suberin biopolyester built from α,ω-bifunctional fatty acids (suberinic acids), which after depolymerization together with lignocarbohydrate complex potential adhesive as side-stream (residue) obtaining suberinic for polyol synthesis. In this work, we studied the utilization possibilities particleboards said residue obtained by four different...

Developing polyols from biomass sources contributes to a more circular economy by replacing petroleum-based in the vast production of polyurethanes (PUR). One such potential source could be leftover birch bark which suberinic acids (SA) can obtained. The purpose this study was identify best synthesis routes for novel SA-based polyols, obtain rigid PUR foams, and evaluate their competitiveness suitability as thermal insulation material. Novel were synthesized depolymerized SA esterification...

Birch outer bark extract (BBE), containing pentacyclic triterpenes such as betulin, lupeol, and betulinic acid, is a widely recognized natural product renowned for its diverse pharmacological effects. However, limited water solubility restricts bioavailability. Therefore, the main objective to enhance bioavailability of BBE pharmaceutical use. In this study, we aimed develop dispersion system utilizing unique oleogel-producing method through recrystallization from an ethanol solution in oil...

The objective of the study was to investigate preliminary technological parameters for obtaining furfural and binder-less panels depending on hydrothermal pre-treatment temperature, steam explosion treatment pressing conditions. If pre- temperatures were 160–180 °C time 90 min, yield 64.8–67.2% from that which theoretically possible. dynamics significantly increases in first 10 minutes, when at 180 is almost twice as high 160 °C. obtained maximal MOE value (3250 N mm-2) good enough surface...

In the study, birch outer bark`s suberinic acids (SA), appropriate for binding plywood, obtained in a water medium and precipitated two acidification stages under various pH levels, were characterized, which could become sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative to toxic, formaldehyde-containing plywood binders. process of obtaining SA, it was found that all SA first stage filtrated successfully. With increasing level precipitation from 2 6, yield decreased 35.6 18.8 wt% oven dry...

The main objective of the study was to obtain bio-composites from grey alder sawdust using a mixture birch outer bark suberinic acids as binder, and test their mechanical properties. Ethanol-extracted used raw material for investigation. Characteristics (suberinic content, epoxy content acid number) hydrolytically depolymerized binder were also determined. initial filler/binder ratio molding parameters (temperature pressure) established by full factorial design. Preliminary data showed that...

Global sustainability challenges prompt the world to modify its strategies and shift from a fossil-fuel-based economy bio-resources-based one production of renewable biomass chemicals. Depolymerized suberinic acids (SA) were considered as an alternative resource develop bio-polyols that can be further used in polyurethane (PU) material production. Birch (Betula pendula) outer bark was raw obtain SA, extracted with ethanol, depolymerized potassium hydroxide ethanol solution. By acidifying...

The literature survey summarizes information about birch outer bark phytochemical composition and details major components: betulin, betulinic acid, lupeol ursolic acid. In the practical part of research component stability against chemical physical degradation was tested; total phenolic content antiradical activity degraded nondegraded ethanolic extracts studied using UV/VIS spectroscopy; extract investigated by HPLC-TOF/MS. study experiments has been carried out, which found that compounds...

Birch outer bark is a byproduct accumulated from birch tree ( Betula pendula Roth. and pubescens Ehrh.) processing contains up to 50 wt% suberin. Suberin biopolyester built mostly α,ω-bifunctional fatty acids (suberinic acids) which after depolymerization together with lignocarbohydrate complex potential adhesive for obtaining particleboard composites. These composites can be made in hot-pressing process at around 225 °C temperature. The high temperature suberinic acid-based disadvantage...

Suberin is a complex polyester biopolymer, and it practically impossible to estimate the real content of suberin in suberised plant tissues. This indicates importance development instrumental analytical methods for comprehensive characterisation derived from biomass successful integration suberinic products into biorefinery production chains. In this study, we optimised two GC-MS methods-one with direct sylilation, second additional depolymerisation, using GPC RI detector polystyrene...

Global sustainability challenges prompt the world to modify their strategies and shift from a fossil-fuel-based economy bio-resources-based one production of renewable biomass-based chemicals. Different processes exist that allow transformation raw biomass into desirable bio-based products and/or energy. Depolymerized suberinic acids (SA) can be considered as an alternative resource different feedstocks for value-added product obtaining, example develop bio-polyols further used in polymeric...

In modern plants, 2.7 to 2.8 m3 of solid volume veneer blocks are consumed produce 1 plywood. After the hydrothermal treatment and debarking blocks, waste bark is obtained, which makes up 12.5% wood mass, while 16-20% composed birch outer (BOB). Recalculating, BOB 2.0-3.4% log mass. Bark currently burned in boiler houses that not rational. contains large amount valuable extractives (up 34% from o.d. BOB) consisting various secondary metabolites such as terpenes, flavonoids, hydrocarbons,...

The effects on birch outer bark (BOB) ethanolic extractives’ chemical composition after recrystallization with C2–C5 alkanols were studied in this paper. Ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and 1-pentanol used as solvents. solubility of BOB extractives at the solvents boiling point was determined empirically. It found that, an increase solvents, increased, reaching up to 486 g/L 1pentanol 142.2 °C. Recrystallization yields reached 67 wt% using 2-butanol purity betulin 96...

Silver birch ( Betula pendula ) outer bark suberin can be used as a raw material to make an adhesive for particleboards (PBs). It is promising formaldehyde-free alternative traditional synthetic resins. However, the acidic, which catalyse furfural (FUR) formation from xylans in wood particles that are preparation of PBs. FUR being volatile organic compound emitted PBs and exposure it have harmful effects on humans. In scope this study, technological parameters (wet pH: 3, 6 9), glycerol...

The aim of the study was to obtain untreated and treated betulin colloidal particles assess their effect on viability, morphology, proliferation cytokine secretion human dermal fibroblasts. To improve bioavailability, treatment performed by an antisolvent precipitation technique. average particle size after in aqueous dispersion decreased from 552.9 ± 11.3 278.2 1.6 nm. Treated showed no cytotoxicity up a concentration 400 µg·mL-1 colorimetric tetrazolium salt viability test (CCK-8)....

The apparent shift in climate has resulted the pursuit of environmentally friendly bio-based products to reduce carbon footprint. In scientific literature, there are many attempts make phenol-formaldehyde resins (PFR) more sustainable by using phenolics synthesis instead petroleum-based phenol. However, it is also important content formaldehyde binder, vapours which toxic and even carcinogenic human body. One technologically simplest solutions could be incorporation another wood composite...