A5038738198- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
- Nutrition and Health Studies
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
Port Moresby General Hospital
2018-2022
Duke University Health System
2022
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
2006-2020
Richard Wolf (Germany)
2006
University of Missouri–St. Louis
2006
Brocade (United States)
2006
Miami University
1992-2002
Michigan State University
1989-1995
Oregon State University
1995
Noble Research Institute
1995
All plant cells produce fatty acids from acetyl-CoA by a common pathway localized in plastids. Although the biochemistry of this is now well understood, much less known about how plants control very different amounts and types lipids produced tissues. Thus, central challenge for lipid research to provide molecular understanding regulate major differences metabolism found, example, mesophyll, epidermal, or developing seed cells. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) one point that regulates rates...
Sphingolipids are major components of the plasma membrane, tonoplast, and other endomembranes plant cells. Previous compositional analyses have focused only on individual sphingolipid classes because widely differing polarities sphingolipids. Consequently, total content in plants has yet to be quantified. In addition, polar class model Arabidopsis thaliana not been previously determined. this report, we describe separation quantification from A. leaves using hydrolysis sphingolipids high...
Summary An Arabidopsis fatty acid elongase gene, KCS1 , with a high degree of sequence identity to FAE1 encodes 3‐ketoacyl‐CoA synthase which is involved in very long chain synthesis vegetative tissues, and also plays role wax biosynthesis. Sequence analysis predicted that this was anchored membrane by two adjacent N‐terminal, membrane‐spanning domains. Analysis T‐DNA tagged kcs1–1 mutant demonstrated the involvement Phenotypic changes included thinner stems less resistance low humidity...
Abstract Changes in sphingolipids have been associated with profound effects cell fate and development both plants animals. Sphingolipids as a group consist of large number different compound classes which numerous individual species may vary response to environmental stimuli affect cellular responses. The ability measure all simultaneously is, therefore, essential an understanding the biochemical regulation sphingolipid metabolism signaling molecules derived from it. In model plant...
In order to examine potential regulatory steps in plant fatty acid biosynthesis, we have developed procedures for the analysis of major acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) intermediates this pathway. These techniques been used separate and identify acyl-ACPs with chain configurations ranging from 2:0 18:1 determine relative vivo concentrations spinach leaf developing seed. both seed as much 60% total ACPs were nonesterified (free), remaining proportion consisting acyl-ACP leading formation...
Abstract Large-scale single-pass sequencing of cDNAs from different plants has provided an extensive reservoir for the cloning genes, evaluation tissue-specific gene expression, markers map-based cloning, and annotation genomic sequences. Although as January 2000 GenBank contained over 220,000 entries expressed sequence tags (ESTs) plants, most publicly available plant ESTs are derived vegetative tissues relatively few specifically developing seeds. However, important morphogenetic processes...
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring defense compound produced by limited number of plants in response to stresses. Besides cardiovascular benefits, this health-promoting has been reported extend life spans yeasts, flies, worms, and fish. To biosynthesize resveratrol de novo, tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL), 4-coumarate CoA-ligase (4CL), stilbene synthase (STS) were isolated from Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Arabidopsis thaliana, Vitis vinifera, respectively. Yeast cells expressing 4CL STS produce...
Camelina (Camelina sativa), a Brassicaceae oilseed, has received recent interest as biofuel crop and production platform for industrial oils. Limiting wider of camelina these uses is the need to improve quality content seed protein-rich meal oil, which enriched in oxidatively unstable polyunsaturated fatty acids that are deleterious biodiesel. To identify candidate genes oil improvement, transcriptome reference was built from 2047 Sanger ESTs more than 2 million 454-derived sequence reads,...
Abstract Sphingolipids are structural components of endomembranes and function through their metabolites as bioactive regulators cellular processes such programmed cell death. A characteristic feature plant sphingolipids is high content trihydroxy long-chain bases (LCBs) that produced by the LCB C-4 hydroxylase. To determine functional significance LCBs in plants, T-DNA double mutants RNA interference suppression lines were generated for two Arabidopsis thaliana hydroxylase genes Sphingoid...
Significance Many plants produce valuable fatty acids in seed oils that provide renewable alternatives to petrochemicals for production of lubricants, coatings, or polymers. However, most producing these unusual are unsuitable as crops. Metabolic engineering oilseed crops, model species, the high-value has produced only low yields desired products, and previous research indicated acid degradation a potential major factor hindering engineering. By contrast, we here present evidence...
Abstract Sphingolipid synthesis is initiated by condensation of Ser with palmitoyl-CoA producing 3-ketodihydrosphinganine (3-KDS), which reduced a 3-KDS reductase to dihydrosphinganine. palmitoyltransferase essential for plant viability. Arabidopsis thaliana contains two genes (At3g06060/TSC10A and At5g19200/TSC10B) encoding proteins significant similarity the yeast reductase, Tsc10p. Heterologous expression in either gene restored activity tsc10Δ mutant, confirming both as bona fide genes....
A cDNA coding for 3-ketoacyl-acyl-carrier protein (ACP) synthase III (KAS III) from spinach (Spinacia oleracea; So KAS was used to isolate two closely related clones (Ch III-1 and Ch III-2) Cuphea hookeriana. Both IIIs are expressed constitutively in all tissues examined. An increase the levels of 16:0 observed tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum, WT-SR) leaves overexpressing when under control cauliflower mosaic virus-35S promoter Arabidopsis rapeseed (Brassica napus) seeds either driven by napin....
Several 3-keto-synthases have been studied, including the soluble fatty acid synthases, those involved in polyketide synthesis, and FAE1-like 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthases. All of these condensing enzymes a common ancestor an enzymatic mechanism that involves catalytic triad consisting Cys, His, His/Asn. In contrast to family mediate plant microsomal elongation, condensation step elongation animals fungi appears be mediated by Elop homologs. Curiously proteins bear no resemblance well...
A cerulenin insensitive 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase has been assayed in extracts of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaf. The enzyme was active the 40 to 80% ammonium sulfate precipitate whole leaf homogenates and catalyzed synthesis acetoacetyl-acyl protein. This condensation reaction five-fold faster than acetyl-CoA:acyl transacylase, initial rates acyl-acyl were independent presence cerulenin. In fatty acid cofactors 100 micromolar cerulenin, principal product de novo butyric...
The 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthase I11 from spinach was purified to homogeneity by an eight-step procedure that included ACP-affinity column.The size of the native enzyme M, = 63,000 based on gel filtration, and its subunit 40,500 sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis, suggesting 3-ketoacyl-ACP may be a homodimer.The highly specific for acetyl-coA malonyl-ACP.The K,,, 5 NM when assayed in presence 10 p~ malonyl-CoA.Acetyl-, butyryl-, hexanoyl-ACP would not...
In 2010, when the National Alliance for Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts (NAABB) consortium began, little was known about molecular basis of algal biomass or oil production. Very few genome sequences were available efforts to identify best-producing wild species through bioprospecting approaches had largely stalled after U.S. Department Energy's Aquatic Species Program. This lack knowledge included how reduced carbon partitioned into storage products like triglycerides starch role played by...
Abstract The release of fatty acids from membrane lipids has been implicated in various metabolic and physiological processes, but many cases, the enzymes involved their functions plants remain unclear. Patatin-related phospholipase As (pPLAs) constitute a major family acyl-hydrolyzing plants. Here, we show that pPLAIIIδ promotes production triacylglycerols with 20- 22-carbon Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Of four pPLAIIIs (α, β, γ, δ), only gene knockout results decrease seed oil...
The sphingoid long chain bases (LCBs) and their phosphorylated derivatives (LCB-Ps) are important signaling molecules in eukaryotic organisms. cellular levels of LCB-Ps tightly controlled by the coordinated action LCB kinase activity responsible for synthesis LCB-P phosphatase lyase activities catabolism. Although recent studies have implicated as regulatory plants, comparison with yeast mammals, much less is known about metabolism function plants. To investigate functions we undertaken...