Concerns regarding the welfare of laying hens raised in battery cages have led to development enriched that allow perform natural behaviors including nesting, roosting, and scratching. This study was conducted compare indices production birds housed 2 different caging systems. Shaver White were from 21 61 wk either conventional (n = 500; 10 cages; 5 hens/cage; floor space 561.9 cm(2)/hen) or 480; 24 642.6 replicated times. Enriched provided with a curtained nesting area, scratch pad,...

Direct-fed microbials (DFM) are used to improve livestock health and performance. The effects of 2 DFM products, a blend 3 Bacillus strains (DFMB) Propionibacteriumspp. (DFMP), on broiler performance, nutrient utilization, immune responses were investigated. Day-old (n = 120) male broilers divided into 24 groups 5 birds fed wheat-based diets in mash form (8 per diet) from d 1 22. control diet was without or with 7.5 × 10(4) cfu/g either DFMB DFMP. From 19 21 fecal samples collected for...

Necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens is a reemerging disease of economic importance in areas the world where antibiotic growth promoters have been banned. The effect mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation organic diets broilers challenged with C. on performance, gut morphology, and innate immunity was investigated. Three hundred Ross-308 were fed antibiotic-free certified starter grower diets. On d 14, birds orally 1 mL culture at 3 × 10(10) cfu/bird. Treatments...

A study was conducted to assess the effect of yeast-derived carbohydrates (YDC) on performance and innate immune responses broiler chickens. In total, 1,080 one-day-old birds were randomly assigned one 3 dietary treatments (n = 360): a standard diet containing monensin (control), control + bacitracin methylene disalycylate (BMD), YDC treatment (control at 0.02%, 0.01%, 0.005% for starter, grower, finisher, respectively). Weekly BW, feed intake (FI), conversion ratio (FCR) recorded. Immune...

The combined effects of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus faecium, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) organic acids (sorbic citric acid) on intestinal morphology expression immune-related genes were investigated. One-day-old chicks randomly assigned to 1 3 groups: birds not receiving probiotic or (control; T1), an oral combination (1 g/L in water) 10(8) CFU/g each the aforementioned (1% sorbic acid 0.2% for 7 (T2) 14 d (T3). Each group was divided into 5...

The effect of organic trace mineral supplementation on performance, intestinal morphology, immune organ weights (bursa Fabricius and spleen), expression innate response related genes, blood heterophils/lymphocytes ratio, chemical metabolic panel, natural antibodies (IgG), oxidative stress broiler chickens was studied. A total 1,080 day-old male broilers were assigned to 1 3 dietary treatments, which included basal diet with Monensin (control), control supplemented bacitracin methylene...

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the short-term effect of supplementing a nucleotide-rich yeast extract (NRYE) on growth performance, gut structure, immunity and microflora piglets raised under sanitary unsanitary conditions. A total 84, 21-day old were used in this study; 42 room designated as clean that washed once per week, whereas other unclean which 7 kg manure from sow herd spread each pen floor day 1 not throughout experiment. The pigs fed corn–soybean meal-based diet without...

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary folic acid (FA) supplementation on performance, serum biochemical indices, and mRNA abundance intestinal folate transporters in young older laying hens after acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Two experiments were separately involving 48 Shaver White (24 wk age) experiment 1 (58 2. Birds fed 2 diets a complete randomized design. wheat-soybean meal based, with or without supplemental 4 mg FA/kg diet. for 8 wk, during...

Commensal gut microbes play a critical role in shaping host defences against pathogens, including influenza viruses. The current study was conducted to assess the and mechanisms of action commensal microbiota on innate antibody-mediated responses layer chickens virus subtype H9N2. A total 104 one-day-old specific pathogen free were assigned either four treatments, which included two levels antibiotics treatment (ABX- ABX+) H9N2 infection (H9N2- H9N2+). At day 17 age, H9N2+ group infected via...

Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility bovine mastitis pathogens is important for guiding treatment decisions and the detection emerging resistance. Environmental streptococci are ubiquitous in farm environment a frequent cause dairy cows. The aim study was to determine patterns among species environmental isolated from cows Maritime Provinces Canada. collection consisted 192 isolates identified milk samples collected 177 originating 18 herds. Results were aggregated into: 1)...

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of yeast-derived products and distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, innate immune response in broiler chickens from 1 21 d age. Nine replicates 5 birds each were assigned dietary treatments consisting a control diet without antibiotic (C), diets containing 11 mg/kg virginiamycin, 0.25% yeast cell wall (YCW), 0.2% commercial product Maxi-Gen Plus, 0.025% nucleotides, 0.05% or...

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperplasia in asthma likely contributes considerably to functional changes. Investigating the mechanisms behind proliferation of these cells may lead therapeutic benefit. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB is a well known ASM mitogen vitro but has yet be directly explored using vivo mouse models context and airway responsiveness. To determine influence PDGF-BB on gene transcripts encoding contractile proteins, proliferation, physiology, we used an adenovirus...

The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes using whole genome sequence (WGS) Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) and dysgalactiae dysgalactiae) isolates, recovered from dairy cows in Canadian Maritime Provinces. A secondary objective included exploration association between phenotypic AMR genomic characteristics (genome size, guanine-cytosine content (GC), unique gene sequences). An initial number 91 isolates sequenced, number, 89...

This study evaluated the effect of yeast-derived products on growth performance, serum antibody levels, and mRNA gene expression pattern-recognition receptors, cytokines in broiler chickens. Two hundred sixteen one-day-old male chickens (Ross-308) were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments with replicates (cage) 6 birds per cage. Dietary consisted a Control diet without antibiotics (C), diets containing 11 mg/kg "virginiamycin", 0.25% yeast cell wall (YCW), 0.2% commercial product...

Vitamin D requirement is estimated to be higher than recommended values for the first two weeks of a broiler chicken's life, and heavily dependent on concentrations Ca P in diet. There are data indicating beneficial effect vitamin levels performance overall health chickens. However, role innate immune response chickens limited. Therefore, current study, we examined doses supplementation receiving optimal or calcium (Ca) phosphorus (P) deficient diets. Three hundred Ross-308 male chicks were...

Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is an aggressive tumor with poor outcomes. Mechanisms of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-related inflammation and angiogenesis interact in human OSCC; however, this relationship has not been reported FOSCC, to our knowledge. We aimed characterize expression genes encoding PGE2 synthases ( PTGES1–3), receptors EP1–4), hypoxia inducible factor 1α HIF1A), vascular endothelial growth A VEGFA) FOSCC lines (SCCF1–3) vitro using reverse-transcription quantitative...

The turnover of intestinal epithelial cells is a dynamic process that includes adequate cell proliferation and maturation in the presence microbiota migration seeding immune early gut development chickens. We studied effect yeast-derived macromolecules (YDM) on performance, health, system gene expression intestine broiler One thousand eighty 1-d-old birds, with 60 birds per pen 6 pens treatment, were randomly assigned to 3 treatment diets; diet containing monensin (control), control...

Prebiotics and synbiotics are considered to be among the most promising replacements for in-feed antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in poultry feed. The current study was designed effect of Bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) (Control), yeast-derived carbohydrates (YDC), a blend YDC probiotics [Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus faecium, Bacillus subtilis, YDC] (SNB) performance innate immune response pullets. Feed intake BW were measured on weekly basis. At end...