A5046311024- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- interferon and immune responses
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Healthcare Systems and Technology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Trace Elements in Health
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Medical Coding and Health Information
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
University of Saskatchewan
2021-2025
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
2017-2024
Canadian Science Centre for Human and Animal Health
2023
Institut de Recherche Vaccinale
2023
University of Manitoba
2010-2019
Public Health Agency of Canada
2015-2017
Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba
2012-2014
Research Manitoba
2013-2014
Previous efforts to identify cross-neutralizing antibodies the receptor-binding site (RBS) of ebolavirus glycoproteins have been unsuccessful, largely because RBS is occluded on viral surface. We report a monoclonal antibody (FVM04) that targets uniquely exposed epitope within RBS; cross-neutralizes Ebola (EBOV), Sudan (SUDV), and, lesser extent, Bundibugyo viruses; and shows protection against EBOV SUDV in mice guinea pigs. The cocktail ZMapp™ remarkably effective (Zaire) but does not...
A two–monoclonal antibody cocktail protects nonhuman primates against Ebola virus 3 days after lethal exposure.
ABSTRACT Ebola outbreaks occur on a frequent basis, with the 2014-2015 outbreak in West Africa being largest one ever recorded. This has resulted over 11,000 deaths four African countries and received international attention intervention. Although there are currently no approved therapies or vaccines, many promising candidates undergoing clinical trials, several have had success promoting recovery from Ebola. However, these prophylactics therapeutics been designed tested only against same...
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection is a affecting several organ systems. A model that captures all clinical symptoms of as well long-haulers needed. We investigated the host responses associated with in major systems including tract, heart, and kidneys after Syrian hamsters. found significant increases inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF) type II interferons whereas I were inhibited. Examination...
Subcellular trafficking within host cells plays a critical role in viral life cycles, including influenza A virus (IAV). Thus targeting relevant subcellular compartments holds promise for effective intervention to control the impact of infection. Bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1), when used at relative high concentrations (≥10 nM), inhibits vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) and reduces endosome acidification lysosome number, thus inhibiting IAV replication but promoting cell cytotoxicity. We tested...
ABSTRACT Bundibugyo virus (BDBV) is the etiological agent of a severe hemorrhagic fever in humans with case-fatality rate ranging from 25 to 36%. Despite having been known scientific and medical communities for almost 1 decade, there dearth studies on this pathogen due lack small animal model. Domestic ferrets are commonly used study other RNA viruses, including members order Mononegavirales . To investigate whether were susceptible filovirus infections, challenged clinical isolate BDBV....
Smooth muscle cells promote fibroproliferative airway remodeling in asthma, and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) is a key inductive signal. Statins are widely used to treat hyperlipidemia. Growing evidence indicates they also exert positive impact on lung health, but the underlying mechanisms unclear. We assessed effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methlyglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibition with simvastatin fibrotic function primary cultured human smooth cells. Simvastatin blocked de...
Influenza A virus exerts a large health burden during both yearly epidemics and global pandemics. However, designing effective vaccine treatment options has proven difficult since the evolves rapidly. Therefore, it may be beneficial to identify host proteins associated with viral infection replication establish potential new antiviral targets. We have previously measured protein responses in continuously cultured A549 cells infected mouse-adapted strain A/PR/8/34(H1N1; PR8). here measure...
Abstract Ebola virus infections cause a deadly hemorrhagic disease for which no vaccines or therapeutics has received regulatory approval. Here we show isolation of three (Q206, Q314 and Q411) neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the surface glycoprotein (GP) identified in West Africa 2014 through sequential immunization Chinese rhesus macaques antigen-specific single B cell sorting. These mAbs demonstrated potent activities both pseudo live independent complement. Biochemical,...
Abstract Objective To determine problem list completeness related to chronic diseases in electronic medical records (EMRs) and explore clinic physician factors influencing completeness. Methods A retrospective analysis of primary care EMR data quality seven (hypertension, diabetes, asthma, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, hypothyroidism, obstructive pulmonary disorder) Manitoba, Canada. We included 119 practices 18 clinics across urban rural Manitoba. The main outcome...
Infections with Sudan virus (SUDV), a member of the genus Ebolavirus, result in severe hemorrhagic fever fatal outcome over 50% human cases. The paucity prophylactics and therapeutics against SUDV is attributed to lack small-animal model screen promising compounds. By repeatedly passaging within livers spleens guinea pigs vivo, pig-adapted variant (SUDV-GA) uniformly lethal these animals, dose (LD50) 5.3 × 10(-2) tissue culture infective doses (TCID50), was developed. Animals infected...
SARS-CoV-2 variants could become more virulent and transmissible due primarily to the mutations of viral spike protein, rendering currently approved vaccines less effective. More effective are needed as vaccination is by far best strategy against this virus. We have produced two virus-like particles (VLPs) using a baculovirus BacMam expression platform examined their immunogenicity in mice. VLP1 contains protein from Wuhan strain whereas VLP2 that an Omicron variant. Mice immunized with...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to evolve, potentially leading variants of concern that could become more transmissible, resist treatment, evade host immunity and reduce the effectiveness currently available vaccines. Improved vaccines are still required as vaccination remains most effective strategy against this virus. We have produced two SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (VLPs) using a baculovirus BacMam expression platform examined their...
Abstract Cell death is a characteristic consequence of cellular infection by influenza virus. Mounting evidence indicates the critical involvement host-mediated pathways in promoting efficient virus replication. Furthermore, it appears that many signaling pathways, such as NF- κ B, formerly suspected to solely promote cell survival, can also be manipulated induce death. Current understanding involved virus-mediated cytopathology and replication limited. This study was designed identify host...
A licensed vaccine against Ebola virus (EBOV) remains unavailable, despite >11 000 deaths from the 2014–2016 outbreak of EBOV disease in West Africa. Past studies have shown that recombinant viruses expressing glycoprotein (GP) are able to protect nonhuman primates (NHPs) a lethal challenge. However, these vaccines express viral GP–based variants found Central Africa, which has 97.3% amino acid homology Makona variant Our previous study showed adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5)–vectored GP (MakGP)...
BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern (VOC) has evolved multiple mutations within the spike protein, raising concerns increased antibody evasion. In this study, we assessed neutralization potential COVID-19 convalescent sera and from vaccinated individuals against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.MethodsThe neutralizing activity 65 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine recipients clinical isolates Beta, Delta, VOCs was using a micro-neutralization assay.FindingsConvalescent unvaccinated...
Enhanced virulence and/or transmission of West African Ebola virus (EBOV) variants, which are divergent from their Central counterparts, suspected to have contributed the sizable toll recent disease (EVD) outbreak. This study evaluated pathogenicity and shedding in rhesus macaques infected with 1 2 isolates (EBOV-C05 or EBOV-C07) a isolate (EBOV-K). All animals EBOV-C05 EBOV-C07 died EVD, whereas 3 EBOV-K–infected died. The viremia level was elevated 10-fold EBOV-C05–infected animals,...
Sudan virus (SUDV) outbreaks in Africa are highly lethal; however, the development and testing of novel antivirals vaccines for this has been limited by a lack suitable animal models. Non-human primates (NHP) remain gold standard modeling filovirus disease, but they not conducive to screening large numbers experimental compounds should only be used test most promising candidates. Therefore, other smaller models valuable asset. We have recently developed guinea-pig adapted SUDV that is lethal...
Virus-host interactions are important determinants of virus replication and immune responses, but they not well-defined. In this study we analyzed quantitative host protein alterations in nuclei-enriched fractions from multiple primary human bronchial airway epithelial (HBAE) cells infected by an H1N1 influenza A (A/PR/8/34). We first developed effective detergent-free nuclear lysis method that was coupled with in-solution digestion LC-MS/MS. Using SILAC, identified 837 HBAE proteins three...
Abstract COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) caused SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection is a affecting several organ systems. A model that captures all clinical symptoms of as well long-haulers needed. We investigated the host responses associated with in major systems including tract, heart, and kidneys after Syrian hamsters. found significant increases inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF) type II interferons whereas I were inhibited. Examination...
The emergence and ongoing evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has highlighted the need for rapid vaccine development platforms that can be updated to counteract emerging variants currently circulating future coronaviruses. Here we report a "train model" subunit platform contains SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan S1 protein (the "engine") linked series flexible receptor binding domains (RBDs; "cars") derived from concern (VOCs). We demonstrate these vaccines when combined...
The reduced folate carrier (RFC) has been postulated to be a major entity for transport activity in humans and other mammals. However, there are limited reports of the importance RFC an avian system. In current study, therefore, molecular cloning tissue distribution RFC, as well effect dietary supplementation on expression this transporter, were investigated chicken. Shaver White laying hens (n=8 per diet) received 3 wheat-based diets containing following: 1) no supplemental folate, 2) folic...