We hypothesized that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would be more effective than moderate-intensity continuous (MICT) at improving endothelial function and maximum oxygen uptake (V̇o2 max) in obese adults. Eighteen participants [35.1 ± 8.1 (SD) yr; body mass index = 36.0 5.0 kg/m2] were randomized to 8 wk (3 sessions/wk) of either HIIT [10 × 1 min, 90-95% heart rate (HRmax), 1-min active recovery] or MICT (30 70–75% HRmax). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) increased...

Purpose We examined the effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with multiple 2-min walking breaks or one 30-min continuous session on glucose control and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). Methods Ten overweight/obese, physically inactive participants (five men; 32 ± 5 yr; BMI, 30.3 4.6 kg·m−2) participated in this randomized four-trial crossover study, each trial performed a separate, simulated workday lasting 9 h: 1) 30 min moderate-intensity (30-min MOD) at 71% 4% HRmax; 2) 21 × 2 bouts...

Tucker, WJ, Sawyer, BJ, Jarrett, CL, Bhammar, DM, and Gaesser, GA. Physiological responses to high-intensity interval exercise differing in duration. J Strength Cond Res 29(12): 3326–3335, 2015—We determined the oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate 2 protocols length. On separate days, 14 recreationally active males performed a 4 × (four 4-minute intervals at 90–95% HRpeak, separated by 3-minute recovery 50 W) 16 1 (sixteen 1-minute protocol on cycle...

We examined the effects of 3 exercise bouts, differing markedly in intensity, on postexercise hypotension (PEH). Eleven young adults (age: 24.6 ± 3.7 years) completed 4 randomly assigned experimental conditions: (a) control, (b) 30-minute steady-state (SSE) at 75-80% maximum heart rate (HRmax), (4) aerobic interval (AIE): four 4-minute bouts 90-95% HRmax, separated by minutes active recovery, and (d) sprint (SIE): six 30-second Wingate sprints, recovery. Exercise was performed a cycle...

Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is common in children with asthma, but whether it a phenomenon of central versus peripheral airway reactivity unknown. The purpose this study was to investigate and responses after an exercise challenge test among asthma. Methods: Sixteen asthma underwent testing on 2 separate visits: one without any medications (control) another pretreatment 180 µg albuterol (bronchodilator). Central EIB defined as >10% reduction FEV1 assessed...

ABSTRACT Introduction Childhood obesity is associated with a higher risk of sleep‐disordered breathing, but our understanding the underlying physiologic mechanisms limited. This study investigated effects on lung volumes, expiratory flow limitation (EFL), and respiratory symptoms in supine position. Methods Ninety‐four children (8–12 years old, n = 58 36 without obesity) underwent volume EFL measurements seated positions this repeated‐measures cross‐sectional study. Children an additional...

A constant-load exercise bout to exhaustion after a graded test verify maximal oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2max) during cycle ergometry has not been evaluated in sedentary adults with obesity. Nineteen men (n = 10) and women 9) obesity (age 35.8 ± 8.6 years; body mass index [BMI] 35.9 5.1 kg·m; fat percentage 44.9 7.2) performed ramp-style (ramp), followed by 5-10 minutes of active recovery, then (verification test) on ergometer for determination V[Combining Above]O2max heart rate...

We compared SenseWear Armband versions (v) 2.2 and 5.2 for estimating energy expenditure in healthy adults. Thirty-four adults (26 women), 30.1 ± 8.7 years old, performed two trials that included light-, moderate- vigorous-intensity activities: (1) structured routine: seven activities 8-min each, with 4-min of rest between activities; (2) semi-structured 12 5-min no activities. Energy was measured by indirect calorimetry predicted using v2.2 v5.2. Compared to (297.8 54.2 kcal), the total...

The purpose of this study was to examine whether a supramaximal constant-load verification test at 105% the highest work rate would yield higher V˙O2max when compared with an incremental in 10- 12-yr-old nonobese and obese children.Nine (body mass index percentile = 57.5 ± 23.2) nine 97.9 1.4) children completed two-test protocol that included followed 15 min later by test.The achieved testing (nonobese 1.71 0.31 L·min 1.94 0.47 L·min) significantly than during 1.57 0.27 1.84 0.48 L·min; P <...

The Nike + Fuelband is a commercially available, wrist-worn accelerometer used to track physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) during exercise. However, validation studies assessing the accuracy of this device for estimating PAEE are lacking. Therefore, study examined validity and reliability in young adults. Secondarily, we compared estimation with previously validated SenseWear Armband (SWA).Twenty-four participants (n = 24) completed two, 60-min semi-structured routines consisting...

Purpose The objective of this study is to compare the effects fractionized aerobic exercise (three 10-min sessions) and continuous (one 30-min session) on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). Methods Eleven healthy prehypertensive subjects (28.3 ± 8.0 (SD) yr) completed three randomly assigned conditions: 1) sessions (3 × 10 min), 2) one session (1 30 3) a nonexercise control trial (control). mode was walking motor-driven treadmill at 75%–79% maximum heart rate (HRmax) (60%–65% V˙O2peak)....

Aerobic exercise training in women typically results minimal fat loss, with considerable individual variability. We hypothesized that higher baseline body would lose more response to and early loss predict final loss. Eighty-one sedentary premenopausal (age: 30.7 ± 7.8 years; height: 164.5 7.4 cm; weight: 68.2 16.4 kg; percent: 38.1 8.8) underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry before after 12 weeks of supervised treadmill walking 3 days per week for 30 minutes at 70% (Equation is included...

The acute effect of low-intensity walking on blood pressure (BP) is unclear.To determine if the use a workstation reduces ambulatory (ABP) in prehypertensive men and women.Ten adults participated randomized, cross-over study that included control workday workday. ABP was measured for 7 hour during 6 after work.Both systolic BP (SBP) (134 ± 14 vs. 137 16 mmHg; P = .027) diastolic (DBP) (79 10 82 12 .001) were lower day. Postwork hours (4:00 PM-10:00 PM), SBP (129 13 133 .008), DBP (74 11 78...

To determine whether age affects cycling efficiency and the energy cost of walking (Cw), 190 healthy adults, ages 18-81 yr, cycled on an ergometer at 50 W walked a treadmill 1.34 m/s. Ventilation gas exchange rest during exercise were used to calculate net Cw cycling. Compared with 18-40 yr group (2.17 ± 0.33 J·kg-1·m-1), was not different in 60-64 (2.20 0.40 J·kg-1·m-1) 65-69 0.28 groups, but significantly ( P < 0.03) higher ≥70 (2.37 group. For subjects >60 correlated R2 = 0.123; 0.002)....

We investigated whether two different bouts of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) could attenuate postprandial endothelial dysfunction. Thirteen young (27 ± 1 yr), nonexercise-trained men underwent three randomized conditions: 1) four 4-min intervals at 85–95% maximum heart rate separated by 3 min active recovery (HIIE 4 × 4), 2) 16 1-min 1), and 3) sedentary control. HIIE was performed in the afternoon, ~18 h before morning fast food meal (1,250 kcal, 63g fat). Brachial artery...

ABSTRACT Purpose Without consideration for the effects of fat mass, there could be an underestimation cardiorespiratory fitness in children with obesity leading to a clinical diagnosis deconditioning and resulting unrealistic training goals limitation physical activities. The purpose this study was identify methods quantifying that were less influenced by mass. Methods Fifty-three children, 27 (10.9 ± 1.0 yr) 26 without (11.0 yr), volunteered study. Maximal oxygen uptake, indicator fitness,...

Children with obesity suffer excess dyspnea that contributes to sedentariness. Developing innovative strategies increase exercise tolerance and participation in children is a high priority. Because inspiratory training (IT) has reduced dyspnea, we sought assess IT obesity.

Abstract To determine whether body fat and mass index (BMI) affect the energy cost of walking (Cw; J/kg/m), ventilation, gas exchange data from 205 adults (115 females; percent range = 3.0%–52.8%; BMI 17.5–43.2 kg/m 2 ) were obtained at rest during treadmill 1.34 m/s to calculate gross net Cw. Linear regression was used assess relationships between composition indices, Cw, standing metabolic rate (SMR). Unpaired t ‐tests differences sex, one‐way ANOVA by categories: normal weight, &lt;25.0 ;...