1 The macroscopic and single channel gating characteristics of connexin (Cx) 50 gap junction channels between pairs N2A neuroblastoma cells transfected with mouse Cx50 DNA were investigated using the dual whole-cell voltage clamp technique. 2 junctional current (Ij) Cx50-transfected decayed exponentially time in response to transjunctional (Vj) steps (time constant (τ) ≈4 s at a Vj 30–40 mV 100–200 ms 80–100 mV). steady-state conductance (gj) was well described by two-state Boltzmann...

In amphibian bladder, arginine vasopressin (AVP) depolymerizes F-actin in the apical region of granular cell, promoting fusion water channel-carrying vesicles with membrane. We now report effect AVP on mid- and terminal segments rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD2 IMCD3). IMCD3, 5 min stimulation by 2.5-250 nM significantly depolymerized 13-24% whole cell assays employing rhodamine-phalloidin binding technique. The IMCD2 was more sensitive, responding to subnanomolar (0.25 nM) 6 +/-...

Despite increasing evidence pointing to the essential involvement of transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) superfamily in reproduction, a definitive role TGFB signaling uterus remains be unveiled. In this study, we generated gain-of-function mouse model harboring constitutively active (CA) receptor 1 (TGFBR1), expression which was conditionally induced by progesterone (Pgr)-Cre recombinase. Overactivation verified enhanced phosphorylation SMAD2 and increased target genes uterus. TGFBR1...

In the uterus, epithelial cell proliferation changes during estrous cycle and pregnancy. Uncontrolled results in implantation failure and/or cancer development. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is a fundamental regulator of diverse biological processes indispensable for multiple reproductive functions. However, vivo role TGF-β uterine cells remains poorly defined. We have shown that conditional deletion Type 1 receptor (Tgfbr1) using anti-Müllerian hormone type 2 (Amhr2) Cre...

Gap junctions between epithelial cells are essential for normal lens growth. In mice, knockout of Cx50 or targeted replacement with Cx46 (knockin) caused smaller lenses because decreased cell proliferation. However, it remains unclear whether functionally contributes to coupling during maximal proliferation on postnatal day 2 (P2) and P3. To determine which connexins contribute proliferation, junctional from wild-type knockin mice was examined.Epithelial were isolated at different...

Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily signaling is essential for female reproduction. Dysregulation of the TGFβ pathway can cause reproductive diseases. SMA and MAD (mothers against decapentaplegic) (SMAD) proteins are downstream transducers superfamily. SMAD7 an inhibitory SMAD that regulates in vitro. However, function ovary remains poorly defined. To determine preference potential role ovary, we herein examined expression, regulation, mouse granulosa cells. We showed was...

The smooth muscle layer of the uterus (ie, myometrium) is critical for a successful pregnancy and labor. We have shown that conditional deletion TGFβ type 1 receptor (TGFBR1) in female reproductive tract leads to remarkable defects. This study was aimed at defining cellular molecular basis myometrial found TGFBR1 required configuration formation during early postnatal uterine development. Despite well-established role signaling vascular cell differentiation, majority genes were expressed...

Cytochalasins are widely used to determine the role of actin in cellular processes. Their actions include capping barbed end filaments as well dimer formation, nucleation, and polymerization. We determined effect cytochalasin D (CD) on F-actin toad urinary bladder, an epithelium which vasopressin depolymerizes F-actin. At a low concentration (0.25 microM), CD depolymerized unstimulated cell; at higher concentrations, there was progressive reduction depolymerization until actual...

Although a putative role for transforming growth factor-β (TGFB) signalling in the pathogenesis of human endometrial cancer has long been proposed, precise function TGFB development and progression remains elusive. Depletion phosphatase tensin homologue (PTEN) mouse uterus causes cancer. To identify potential cancer, we simultaneously deleted receptor 1 (Tgfbr1) Pten by using Cre-recombinase driven progesterone (termed Ptend/d ;Tgfbr1d/d ). We found that mice developed severe lesions...

// Yang Gao 1 , David F. Vincent 3 Anna Jane Davis Owen J. Sansom Laurent Bartholin 2 and Qinglei Li Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College Medicine Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Station, TX, USA Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, France Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, United Kingdom Correspondence to: Li, email: Keywords : TGFβ, TGFBR1, tumor, ovary, mouse model Received April...

A major problem in treating oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with cisplatin is the development of drug resistance. In order to determine whether phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-C2β (encoded by PIK3C2B gene) reduced sensitivity ESCC cisplatin, transfected Eca109 cells that overexpressed were produced. Additionally, PI3K-C2β-siRNA was used silence endogenous PI3K-C2β EC9706 cisplatin-resistant cells. The relationship between expression and clinicopathological characteristics...

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is the most common renal side effect in patients undergoing lithium therapy for bipolar affective disorders. Approximately 2 million US take of whom ∼50% will have altered function and develop NDI (2, 37). Lithium-induced a defect urinary concentrating mechanism. Lithium also leads to proliferation abundant cysts (microcysts), commonly collecting ducts cortico-medullary region. The mTOR pathway integrates nutrient mitogen signals control cell growth...

Silicon (Si) has a multifunctional role in improving plant growth and enhancing disease resistance, but its mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the impacts of silicon application on control bacterial wilt elucidated molecular using transcriptome sequencing. Compared to non-Si treatment, Si (0.5-2 mM) significantly reduces tomato index by 46.31-72.23%. However, does influence R. solanacearum. negatively influences solanacearum exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis...

Non-segmental vitiligo is a common decolorized skin disease. The purpose of this study was to reveal the active components Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) and target genes for treatment non-segmental vitiligo.Based on TCMSP GEO databases, effective targets SJZD in were revealed by network pharmacology. GO KEGG used analyze biological functions targets. Cytoscape-cytoHubba plugin identify hub genes. SsGSEA method infiltration level immune cells vitiligo. Molecular docking performed predict...

Uterine gland development, also known as adenogenesis, is a key uterine morphogenic process indispensable for normal function and fertility. Our earlier studies have reported that overactivation of TGFB receptor 1 (TGFBR1) in the mouse uterus using progesterone (Pgr)-Cre recombinase causes female infertility, defective decidualization, reduced formation, developmental milestone postnatal uterus. To understand mechanisms underpin disrupted formation mice with sustained activation TGFBR1, we...

Studies with the confocal microscope have shown that arginine vasopressin (AVP) depolymerizes F-actin in apical region of toad bladder granular cell. However, resolution fluorescence is not great enough to reveal exact pattern depolymerization or relative extent which microvillar and subapical membrane actin pools contribute overall depolymerization. We developed an electron microscopic immunogold method shows a significant decrease labeling just below membrane, most pronounced regions...

Mast cells (MCs) have been reported to serve a crucial role in allergic diseases, including asthma, rhinitis and anaphylaxis. A previous study revealed that microRNA-126 (miR-126) was associated with airway hyperresponsiveness induced by house dust mites, however the molecular mechanisms were unclear. The present aimed investigate effect of miR-126 on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-regulated MC degranulation explore its underlying mechanisms. expression quantified using rat model vivo peritoneal...