A5051456154- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Climate change and permafrost
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
- Radio Wave Propagation Studies
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
Instytut Oceanologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk
2015-2024
Polish Academy of Sciences
2013-2024
University of California, San Diego
2003-2004
Gdynia Maritime University
2003
Abstract The contemporary air‐sea flux of CO 2 is investigated by the use an equation, with particular attention to uncertainties in global values and their origin respect that equation. In particular, deriving from transfer velocity sparse upper ocean sampling are investigated. Eight formulations gas used evaluate combined standard uncertainty resulting several sources error. Depending on expert opinion, a either ~5% or ~10% can be argued will contribute proportional error flux. limited f...
The water-leaving radiance field above a sea surface polluted by an oil film has been modelled using Monte Carlo radiative transfer technique with large numbers of photons incident at selected zenith angle. calculated was recorded for each the 240 sectors equal solid angle upper hemisphere had divided into. results are presented in form bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and as contrast parameterised observation various angles sunlight states roughness. conditions...
Gas flux across the sea surface is proportional to difference of partial pressure between sea-water and overlying atmosphere also a parameter called gas transfer velocity k, measure the, efficiency exchange. Although it depends mostly in in-water atmospheric turbulence, usual way parametrize by wind speed, source turbulence which has advantage being easily available from ship base measurements reanalyses. Unfortunately, measured values at given speed have large spread values. It been long...
Sea spray emission fluxes were calculated on the basis of vertical gradients aerosol concentration data collected with a laser particle counter during four polar scientific cruises carried out in summers 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003. The flux values are first obtained gradient method from measured open ocean; such has much better physical than any involving calculating concentrations at one level only. sea generation function we was compared other functions literature. We show that most...
The Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) of both clean seawaters and those polluted with oil film was determined using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer technique in which spectrum complex refractive index Romashkino crude optical properties case II water for chosen wavelengths considered. BRDF values were recorded 1836 solid angular sectors throughout upper hemisphere. visibility areas observed from various directions is discussed.
The propagation of light through turbid media is fundamental interest in a number areas optical science including atmospheric and oceanographic science, astrophysics medicine amongst many others. angular distribution photons after single scattering event determined by the phase function material passing through. However, instances experience multiple events there currently no equivalent to describe resulting photons. Here we present simple analytic formulas that events, based only on...
Abstract The performance of several scattering correction schemes for reflecting-tube absorption and beam attenuation measurements is evaluated with data collected in European shelf seas. Standard procedures perform poorly because nonzero the near infrared wavelength-dependent phase functions. A previously described iterative procedure based on Monte Carlo simulations Western Environmental Technologies Laboratories (WET Labs) ac-9 independent estimates particle backscattering initially...
Monte Carlo simulations are used to establish a weighting function that describes the collection of angular scattering for WETLabs AC-9 reflecting tube absorption meter.The equivalent attenuation sensor is found be well approximated by binary step with photons scattered between zero and half-width angle contributing error at larger angles making contribution.A new correction procedure developed accounts artifacts in both measurements.The method does not assume near infrared (NIR), wavelength...
We present an approach based on three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations for estimating scattering error in measurements of light absorption by aquatic particles with a typical laboratory double-beam spectrophotometer. The is calculated combining the weighting function describing angular distribution photon losses that are due to suspended volume particles. applied this method made marine phytoplankton, diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and cyanobacterium Synechococcus....
The reflectance of sea areas polluted by an oil-in-water emulsion was modeled using the radiance transfer Monte Carlo code. Example results contrast function parameterized observation angle for various angles incident sunlight, surface roughness states and two optically different types seawaters are presented.
Volume scattering functions (VSFs) and other optical seawater parameters were measured during a cruise in the Southern Baltic. Phase (PFs) calculated from VSFs compared with Fournier-Forand phase parameterized backscattering ratios. Due to significant divergences between experimental modeled data new method of function parameterization is proposed.
Interactions between the atmosphere and ocean determine boundary conditions for physical biogeochemical processes in adjacent layers, surface is a complex interface where all air-sea fluxes take place crucial valuable circulation ecosystem. We have chosen to study differences relevant or most commonly used parameterizations drag coefficient (CD) momentum transfer values, especially North Atlantic (NA) European Arctic (EA), using them together with realistic wind field. studied monthly mean...
Abstract. Ship-based measurements of sea spray aerosol (SSA) gradient fluxes in the size range 0.5–47 µm diameter were conducted between 2009–2017 both Baltic Sea and North Atlantic Ocean. Measured total SSA varied 8.9⸱103 ± 6.8⸱105 m-2 s-1 for Sea, 1.0⸱104 105 s-1. The analysis uncovered a significant decrease (by factor 2.2 wind speed 10.5 m s-1–14.5 s-1) with chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration higher than 3.5 mg m-3 area. We found statistically correlations regions interest various...
Using three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations, we examine the effect of beam transmissometer geometry on relative error in measurement beam-attenuation coefficient an aquatic environment characterized by intense light scattering, especially within submerged bubble clouds entrained surface-wave breaking. We discuss forward-scattering associated with detection photons scattered at small angles (<1°) and multiple-scattering more than once along path length instrument....
This paper presents a model of upwelling radiation above the seawater surface in event threat dispersed oil. The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate large number solar photons water, eventually obtaining values remote sensing reflectance (Rrs). Analyses were performed for optical properties characteristic Gulf Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea). case contaminated by oil at concentration 10 ppm also discussed different wind speeds. Two types oils with extremely (refraction and absorption...
We use Monte Carlo time-dependent simulations of light pulse propagation through turbulent water laden with particles to investigate the application Multiple Field Of View (MFOV) lidar detect and characterize oceanic turbulence. Inhomogeneities in refractive index induced by temperature fluctuations ocean flows scatter near-forward angles, thus affecting part scattering phase function. Our results show that signal can be detected analyzing returns from a MFOV lidar, after re-scaling particulate back
Svalbard archipelago, a high latitude area in region undergoing rapid climate change, is relatively easily accessible for field research. This makes the fjords of Spitsbergen, its largest island, some best studied Arctic coastal areas. paper aims at answering question how climatically diverse are, and representative they are expected future diminishing range seasonal sea-ice. study uses meteorological reanalysis, sea surface temperature climatology, results recent one-year campaign...
Values of reflectance and remote sensing are proportional to the ratio sea water backscattering absorption. However, in vertically non-homogeneous waters, this fraction needs be depth weighted. The usual practice uses normalized vertical transmittance profiles as weighting function. Recently, it was shown that correct approach is use, instead transmittance, its first derivative. We used both approaches calculate spectral over a submerged bubble cloud chlorophyll rich layer compared results...
The self-shading measurement error of the upwelling irradiance that is due to presence instrument housing an optical spectrometer with meter located on a sidearm was calculated Monte Carlo code. dependence effect dimensions, values real parameters, sea-surface roughness, and Sun zenith angle were all studied estimate maximum errors for two possible configurations proposed new marine spectrophotometer.
Vertical aerosol flux values collected in the marine atmospheric boundary layer during Baltic cruises of R/V Oceania have been analyzed. It has determined that emission from sea surface open is proportional to average energy dissipation rate raised 2/3 power. A similar relationship derived using dimensional analysis and a simple model emission. demonstrated may be parameterized significant wave height wind velocity.
We examined the effect of individual bubble clouds on remote-sensing reflectance ocean with a 3-D Monte Carlo model radiative transfer. The concentrations and size distribution bubbles were defined based acoustical measurements in surface ocean. light scattering properties for various void fractions calculated using Mie theory. show how spatial pattern, magnitude, spectral behavior produced by modeled change due to variations their geometric optical as well background ambient water. also...
Abstract. The oceanic sink of carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important part the global budget. Understanding uncertainties in calculation this net flux into ocean crucial for climate research. One sources uncertainty within parameterization chosen CO2 gas-transfer velocity. We used a recently developed software toolbox, called FluxEngine (Shutler et al., 2016), to estimate monthly air–sea fluxes extratropical North Atlantic Ocean, including European Arctic, and using several published quadratic...
We report that the submerged microbubbles are an efficient source of diffuse radiance and may contribute to a rapid transition asymptotic regime.In this regime average cosine is easily predictable measurable.