The only natural hosts of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) are members the family Suidae (Sus scrofa scrofa). In species other than suids infection is normally fatal. these mammals, including carnivores, PRV typically causes serious neurologic disease. endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) a wild feline endemic to south-western Europe (Iberian Peninsula). was found be world's most felid in 2002. felines, has been previously reported once Florida panther 1994. No seropositive lynxes have ever...

Background and Aims Early defoliation (ED) can reduce vine yield improve fruit composition in vigorous vineyards. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness technique for Vitis vinifera (L.) cultivar Tempranillo under temperate warm semi-arid climatic conditions south-eastern Spain. Methods Results Four treatments were applied over three seasons drip-irrigated vines, planted with rows orientated north–south shoots vertically positioned. Non-defoliated vines (control) compared...

Co-infections with parasites or viruses drive tuberculosis dynamics in humans, but little is known about their effects other non-human hosts. This work aims to investigate the relationship between Mycobacterium bovis infection and pathogens wild boar (Sus scrofa), a recognized reservoir of bovine (bTB) Mediterranean ecosystems. For this purpose, it has been assessed whether contacts common concomitant are associated development severe bTB lesions 165 from mid-western Spain. The presence...

The potential role of wild animals in the maintenance and spread tuberculosis (TB) infection domestic livestock is particular importance countries where eradication programs have substantially reduced incidence bovine but sporadic outbreaks still occur. Mycobacterium bovis agent mainly isolated wildlife Spain, recently, infections by caprae increased substantially. In this study, we analysed 43 mandibular lymph nodes samples containing TB-like lesions from hunted boar Madrid Extremadura...

Currently, beekeeping faces many risks, such as deteriorating health of honeybees in hives, which results high mortality rates, mainly during winter. An important consequence is the emergence/re-emergence communicable diseases varroosis or nosemosis. These jeopardize continuity sector because absence effective treatments and harmful residues that they can be retained on wax honey. This study aimed to evaluate how feed supplementation with probiotic postbiotic products derived from lactic...

Colony collapse disorder (CCD) has affected bees worldwide in recent decades, with southwestern Spain being no exception. This is one of the main causes Apis mellifera mortality and believed to be caused by environmental, social sanitary conditions. Dietary supplementation can help improve some parameters general status condition bees, such as infestation certain recurrent pathogens, including Varroa destructor Nosema ceranae, enhancing immune response. Thus, aim this study was test a liquid...

PCV-3 and PCV-4 are novel viruses that can infect domestic pigs wild boars. Both associated with multiple disorders in (reproductive failure, respiratory damage, etc.). However, the clinical impact on boars remains unknown. This study aimed to assess presence of these from mid-western Spain their sanitary species. A total 166 submandibular lymph nodes were collected hunted boars, along available information about reproductive status, lung injuries, body condition, tuberculosis status. The...

Abstract Feed supplementation in beehives is a commonly necessary practice beekeeping today, to address the many risks honey bees face, mainly climate change and times of food scarcity, agricultural pesticides, or pathogens such as Varroa destructor Nosema ceranae . Protein supplements postbiotics products have been evaluated feed, obtaining improvements strength sanitary status, but they not tested combination. In this study, two experiences carried out autumn spring check potential...

ABSTRACT During 2004 and 2006, experiments were conducted that measured the absorption of calcium (Ca) by fruit assessed effects Ca sprays on skin flesh apples. Frequent (1 spray/month for 2 or 4 months) treatments increased concentration in skin, but not fruit, several needed to promote a prolonged increase skin. Calcium did influence concentrations magnesium (Mg) potassium (K). Foliar analyses confirmed topical apple tree following as leaves increased.

Grapevine yield and fruit composition largely depend on vine water status, which can be manipulated, especially in semiarid climates, by irrigation strategies training systems. The objective of this research was to examine the influence canopy height growth, yield, berry traits Tempranillo vines under different degrees stress. Two heights three strategies, similarly applied two systems, were tested combination. Over years (2010 2011), elevating resulted a 26% increase leaf area per but also...

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis is the aetiological agent of swine paratyphoid being a highly invasive zoonotic pathogen. Wild boar natural populations are experiencing demographical expansion as well some farms breeding this species to release for hunting with management sometimes identical that domestic pigs, including supplementation, grouping, and antibiotic treatments. This situation increases chance contact between wild boars livestock, potentially induces stress, different...

Background: Wildlife poses a significant burden for the complete eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). In particular, wild boar (Sus scrofa) is one most important reservoirs Mycobacterium bovis, causal agent bTB. Wild can display from mild TB lesions, usually found in head lymph nodes, to generalized lesions distributed different anatomical regions; but rarely clinical signs, which complicates diagnosis bovis infection and bTB control. Among possibilities this variability lesion...

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widely distributed in the environment, particularly wet soil, marshland, rivers or streams, but also causative agents of a wide variety infections animals and humans. Little information is available regarding NTM prevalence wildlife their effects significance bovine tuberculosis (bTB) epidemiology diagnosis. This research shows most frequently isolated lymph nodes wild boar (Sus scrofa) from southern Spain, relating presence with individual...

The importance of wild boars as game species in Spain is well known. Their feeding habits and intrusive behaviour, together with a progressively wider spreading populations, increases the interactions these animals livestock humans. Considering that could have potential role transmission certain pathogens salmonellae, aims this study were to determine prevalence Salmonella spp. hunted central-western Spain, occurrence pathogen tonsils, mandibular lymph nodes faeces (as markers for risk),...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are gut symbionts that can be used as a model to understand the host-microbiota cross talk under unpredictable environmental conditions, such wildlife ecosystems. The aim of this study was determine whether viable LAB informative health status wild boar populations. We monitored genotype and phenotype based on markers included safety phylogenetic origin, antibacterial activity, immunomodulatory properties. A profile dominated by lactobacilli appears stimulate...

Swine erysipelas (SE) is a disease caused by the bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and one of best-known most serious diseases affecting domestic pigs. However, few studies exist concerning susceptibility wild boars to this role species as reservoir. This study investigates describes an outbreak SE that occurred on semi-intensive boar breeding farm housing 40 in Extremadura (SW Spain) 11–18 February 2010. Seven animals died, which four were examined post-mortem. Of these, three (two...

The wild boar is an important reservoir of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in south-western Spain. Some risk factors such as density or age have been associated with the presence high prevalences bTB boar. However, influence other co-infections pathogens has not yet studied. This work aims to assess porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) infection on prevalence and lesional patterns observed bTB-like lesions was evaluated 551 hunted from 11 different game estates Spain, a known history bTB....