The dysregulation of intracellular calcium levels is a critical factor in neurodegeneration, leading to the aberrant activation calcium-dependent processes and, ultimately, cell death. Ca2+ signals vary magnitude, duration, and type neuron affected. A moderate concentration can initiate certain cellular repair pathways promote neuroregeneration. While peripheral nervous system exhibits an intrinsic regenerative capability, central has limited self-repair potential. There evidence that...

Ketamine causes psychotic episodes and is often used as pharmacological model of psychotic-like behavior in animals. There increasing evidence that molecular mechanism its action more complicated than just N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonism involves interaction with the components calcium homeostatic machinery, particular plasma membrane pump (PMCA). Therefore, this study we aimed to characterize brain region-specific effects ketamine on PMCA activity, NMDA through...

Plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) by extruding Ca2+ outside the cell, actively participates in regulation of intracellular concentration. Acting as Ca2+/H+ counter-transporter, PMCA transports large quantities protons which may affect organellar pH homeostasis. exists four isoforms (PMCA1-4) but only PMCA2 and PMCA3, due to their unique localization features, perform more specialized function. Using differentiated PC12 cells we assessed role PMCA3 steady-state conditions during overload...

Abstract Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), neurons transmitting visual information via the optic nerve, fail to regenerate their axons after injury. The progressive loss of RGC function underlies pathophysiology glaucoma and other neuropathies, often leading irreversible blindness. Therefore, there is an urgent need identify regulators survival regenerative program. In this study, we investigated role family transcription factors known as nuclear factor activated T (NFAT), which are expressed...

The complex nature of the retina demands well-organized signaling to uphold signal accuracy and avoid interference, a critical aspect in handling variety visual stimuli. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), known for binding protein kinase A (PKA), contribute specificity efficiency retinal signaling. They play multifaceted roles various cell types, influencing photoreceptor sensitivity, neurotransmitter release bipolar cells, integration information ganglion cells. AKAPs like AKAP79/150...

Several lines of evidence suggest the contribution age-related decline in plasma membrane calcium pump (PMCA) to onset neurodegenerative diseases. From four PMCA isoforms, PMCA2, and PMCA3 respond a rapid removal Ca(2+) are expressed predominantly excitable cells. We have previously shown that suppression neuron-specific PMCAs differentiated PC12 cells accelerated cell differentiation, but increased apoptosis PMCA2-deficient line. also demonstrated altered expression voltage-dependent...

Chronic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist treatment can provide valuable neurochemical and neuroanatomical models of experimental psychosis. One such antagonist, ketamine, with its short half-time well-documented psychotomimetic action, has cognitive effects resembling various aspects schizophrenia-like symptoms. In order to obtain insights into possible relationships between Ca(2+) homeostasis schizophrenia-related symptoms, we investigate the chronic ketamine administration...

Among polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), listed by the Stockholm convention as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), hexachloronaphthalenes are considered most toxic and raise highest concern. Of these, 1,2,3,5,6,7-hexachloronaphthalanene (PCN67) is main congener affecting human health due to its hepatotoxicity ability disturb reproductive, endocrine, hematological systems. It also prevalent in serum/plasma, milk, adipose tissue. However, little known about neurotoxicity, despite fact that...

A close link between Ca 2+ , ATP level, and neurogenesis is apparent; however, the molecular mechanisms of this relationship have not been completely elucidated. Transient elevations cytosolic may boost synthesis, but also consumed by ion pumps to maintain a low in cytosol. In differentiation process plasma membrane ATPase (PMCA) considered as one major players for homeostasis. From four PMCA isoforms, fastest PMCA2 PMCA3 are expressed predominantly excitable cells. present study we assessed...

Hexachloronaphthalene (PCN67) is one of the most toxic among polychlorinated naphthalenes. Despite known high bioaccumulation and persistence PCN67 in environment, it still unclear to what extent exposure these substances may interfere with normal neuronal physiology lead neurotoxicity. Therefore, primary goal this study was assess effect vitro models. Neuronal death assessed upon treatment using differentiated PC12 cells hippocampal neurons. At 72 h postexposure, cell viability assays...

<title>Abstract</title> Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), neurons transmitting visual information via the optic nerve, fail to regenerate their axons after injury. The progressive loss of RGC function underlies pathophysiology glaucoma and other neuropathies, often leading irreversible blindness. Therefore, there is an urgent need identify regulators survival regenerative program. In this study, we investigated role family transcription factors known as nuclear factor activated T (NFAT), which...

Abstract Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known for its potent prosurvival effect. Despite successfully replicating this effect in various clinical and pre-clinical models, the complete characterization of molecular mechanisms underlying neuroprotective action remains incomplete. Emerging research suggests a vital role A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) as central nodal points orchestrating BDNF-dependent signaling. Among over 50 identified AKAPs, AKAP6 has recently gained...

Central to the process of axon elongation is concept compartmentalized signaling, which involves A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP)-dependent organization signaling pathways within distinct subcellular domains. This spatial also critical for translating electrical activity into biochemical events. Despite intensive research, detailed mechanisms by separation governs axonal outgrowth and pathfinding remain unresolved. In this study, we demonstrate that mAKAPα (AKAP6), located in perinuclear...