A5050549359- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Malaria Research and Control
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
Ifakara Health Institute
2014-2024
Background The management of childhood infections remains inadequate in resource-limited countries, resulting high mortality and irrational use antimicrobials. Current disease tools, such as the Integrated Management Childhood Illness (IMCI) algorithm, rely solely on clinical signs have not made available point-of-care tests (POCTs) that can help to identify children with severe need antibiotic treatment. e-POCT is a novel electronic algorithm based current evidence; it guides clinicians...
The safety and efficacy of using C-reactive protein (CRP) to decide on antibiotic prescription among febrile children at risk pneumonia has not been tested.This was a randomized (1:1) controlled noninferiority trial in 9 primary care centers Tanzania (substudy the ePOCT evaluating novel electronic decision algorithm). Children aged 2-59 months with fever cough without life-threatening conditions received an based CRP-informed strategy (combination CRP ≥80 mg/L plus age/temperature-corrected...
Background Plasmodium and soil transmitted helminth infections (STH) are a major public health problem, particularly among children. There conflicting findings on potential association between these two parasites. This study investigated the co-infections children aged 2 months to 9 years living in Bagamoyo district, coastal region of Tanzania. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted 1033 Stool, urine blood samples were examined using broad set quality controlled...
Viral infections are the leading cause of childhood acute febrile illnesses motivating consultation in sub-Saharan Africa. The majority causal viruses never identified low-resource clinical settings as such testing is either not part routine screening or available diagnostic tools have limited ability to detect new/unexpected viral variants. An in-depth exploration blood virome therefore necessary clarify potential origin fever children. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing a powerful tool...
There is a paucity of data pertaining to the epidemiology and public health impact Enterobius vermicularis Strongyloides stercoralis infections. We aimed determine extent enterobiasis, strongyloidiasis, other helminth infections their association with asymptomatic Plasmodium parasitaemia, anaemia, nutritional status, blood cell counts in infants, preschool-aged (PSAC), school-aged children (SAC) from rural coastal Tanzania. A total 1,033 were included cross-sectional study implemented...
Although the incidence of dengue across Africa is high, severe reported infrequently. We describe clinical features and outcome according to raceduring an outbreak in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania that occurred both native expatriate populations. Adults with confirmed (NS1 and/or IgM on rapid diagnostic test PCR positive) were included between December 2013 July 2014 outpatient clinics. Seven-day was assessed by a visit or call. Association black race presentation, including warning signs,...
Background Low-density (LD) Plasmodium infections are missed by standard malaria rapid diagnostic tests (standard mRDT) when the blood antigen concentration is below detection threshold. The clinical impact of these LD unknown. This study investigates presentation and outcome untreated febrile children with attending primary care facilities in a moderately endemic area Tanzania. Methods/findings cohort includes 2,801 pediatric outpatients (median age 13.5 months [range 2–59], female:male...
Background Parasitic infectious agents rarely occur in isolation. Epidemiological evidence is mostly lacking, and little known on how the two common parasites Plasmodium soil transmitted helminths (STH) interact. There are contradictory findings different studies. Synergism, antagonism neutral effect have been documented between STH. This study investigated impact of STH clinical malaria presentation treatment outcome. Methods A matched case control with a semi longitudinal follow up...
Children with malnutrition compared those without are at higher risk of infection, more severe outcomes. How clinicians assess nutritional factors in febrile children primary care varies. We conducted a post hoc subgroup analysis enrolled randomized, controlled trial centers Tanzania. The clinical outcome defined by anthropometric measures and signs was between two electronic diagnostic algorithms: ePOCT, which uses weight-for-age mid-upper arm circumference to identify manage malnutrition,...
Abstract Background: Viral infections are the leading cause of childhood acute febrile illnesses motivating consultation in sub-Saharan Africa. The majority causal viruses never identified low-resource clinical settings as such testing is either not part routine screening or available diagnostic tools have limited ability to detect new/unexpected viral variants. An in-depth exploration blood virome therefore necessary clarify potential origin fever children. Untargeted metagenomic...