A5069855831- Memory Processes and Influences
- Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Reading and Literacy Development
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Sleep and related disorders
- Writing and Handwriting Education
- Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Educational Strategies and Epistemologies
- Topic Modeling
- EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Advanced Text Analysis Techniques
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Mathematics Education and Pedagogy
University of California, San Diego
2014-2024
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
2013
California Department of Education
2003
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
1994-1996
University of Colorado Boulder
1996
National Institutes of Health
1996
University of Colorado Hospital
1994
University of Colorado Denver
1994
University of Alabama
1989
The shift with practice from use of generic, multistep problem-solving strategies to fast and relatively effortless memory-based strategies, was explored in 2 experiments using pseudoarithmetic tasks. A complete transition the memory strategy occurred by about 60th exposure each problem. power law did not hold overall data for either mean or standard deviation response latency, but it within (algorithm retrieval). Learning highly specific practiced problems. These results constitute 1st...
Improvements in motor sequence performance have been observed after a delay involving sleep. This finding has taken as evidence for an active sleep consolidation process that enhances subsequent performance. In review of this literature, however, the authors 4 aspects data analyses and experimental design could lead to improved on test absence any consolidation: (a) masking learning effects averaged data, (b) reactive inhibition training (c) time-of-day time-since-sleep confounds, (d)...
In 2 experiments, college Ss practiced extensively on single-digit multiplication and division problems (e.g., = 6 × 9; 42 6) were tested both practice several altered versions of those problems, which constructed by changing the required operation, operand order, or arithmetic symbol. There was strong positive transfer to test that had exactly same elements (the numbers operation) as a problem, regardless whether other factors such order symbol changed, but little if any did not have...
Two experiments tested an identical elements model of the organization basic arithmetic skills (T. C. Rickard, A. F. Healy, & L. E. Bourne, 1994). This assumes a distinct abstract representation for each unique combination (i.e., operands and required operation) problem. Participants practiced multiplication division problems were then on various altered versions these problems. Experiment 1 confirmed prediction no positive transfer when presented test problem do not exactly match those...
This article investigates the transition to memory-based performance that commonly occurs with practice on tasks initially require use of a multistep algorithm. In an alphabet arithmetic task, item response times exhibited pronounced step-function decreases after moderate were uniquely predicted by T. C. Rickard's (1997) component power laws model. The results challenge parallel strategy execution models as developed date and they demonstrate shift retrieval is item-specific, opposed...
The identical elements model of arithmetic fact representation (T. C. Rickard, A. F. Healy, & L. E. Bourne, 1994) states that, for each triplet numbers (e.g., 4, 7, 28) that are related by complementary multiplication and division problems, there 3 independent representations in memory: (4, x) --> 28; (28/7) 4; (28/4) 7. In this article, the author reviews evidence model, considers alternative accounts, proposes a simple empirically motivated revision to (a) accommodates conflicting results,...
Do the cognitive benefits of interleaving—the method alternating between two or more skills concepts during training—extend to foreign language learning? In four experiments, we investigated efficacy interleaved versus conventional blocked practice for teaching adult learners conjugate Spanish verbs in preterite and imperfect past tenses. first training occurred a single session interleaving tenses began presentation introductory content (Experiment 1) randomly ordered verb conjugation...
Abstract Two hypotheses have been advanced for when motor sequence learning occurs: offline between bouts of practice or online concurrently with practice. A third possibility is that occurs both and offline. complication differentiating those a process known as reactive inhibition, whereby performance worsens over consecutively executed sequences, but dissipates during breaks. We advance new quantitative modeling framework incorporates inhibition in which the three accounts can be...
A link has been established between impulsivity in real-world situations and impulsive decision making laboratory tasks brain-damaged patients individuals with substance abuse. Whether or not this exists for all is less clear. We conducted an experiment to determine whether taxing central executive processes a demanding cognitive load task results normal sample. Participants (n = 53) completed delay discounting under the presence (load condition) absence (control of generation task. Results...
To use the findings from neuropsychological evaluation and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess interhemispheric reorganization of function after early unilateral brain injury.The study focused on one case injury that resulted in both dyscalculia dyslexia. Brain was studied using structural fMRI. Intellectual evaluated Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Third Edition, while visuospatial skills were assessed Block Design subtest Judgment Line Orientation subtest. The...
A configural theory of human amnesia is proposed. The predicts that amnesic patients will exhibit selective deficits on tasks normal subjects perform by learning new configurations stimulus elements. This prediction supported results for four who learned a nonconfigural control task but failed to learn the transverse patterning even after extensive practice. Matched easily both tasks. provides unique and viable accounts central in literature. Relations between approach other theories are discussed.
Previous studies suggest that sleep may play an important role in memory consolidation of motor skills. It has been difficult, however, to tease apart the effect from circadian and homeostatic factors. We examined on a popular sequence task, utilizing design controlled for time day since between wake groups. When these factors were controlled, there was no benefit memory, suggesting previous work have influenced by confounds.
Mastery of jargon terms is an important part student learning in biology and other science, technology, engineering, mathematics domains. In two experiments, we investigated whether prelecture quizzes enhance memory for terms, that enhanced familiarity can facilitate related concepts are encountered during subsequent lectures readings. Undergraduate students enrolled neuroanatomy physiology courses completed 10-minute low-stakes with feedback on either online (experiment 1) or using in-class...
Abstract A century ago, spelling skills were highly valued and widely taught in schools using traditional methods, such as weekly lists, drill exercises, low- high-stakes tests. That approach was featured best-selling textbooks the Horn-Ashbaugh Speller of 1920. In early 21st century, however, skepticism to importance has grown, some have deemphasized or abandoned instruction altogether, there been a proliferation non-traditional approaches teaching spelling. These trends invite reevaluation...