Abstract Apical projections are integral functional units of epithelial cells. Microvilli and stereocilia cylindrical apical that formed bundled actin. Microridges on the other hand, extend laterally, forming labyrinthine patterns surfaces various kinds squamous So far, structural organization functions microridges have remained elusive. We analyzed zebrafish epidermal cells using confocal electron microscopy methods including tomography, to show F-actin networks require function Arp2/3...

Abstract Tracking and motion analyses of semi-flexible biopolymer networks from time-lapse microscopy images are important tools that enable quantitative measurements to unravel the dynamic mechanical properties biopolymers in living tissues, crucial for understanding their organization function. Biopolymer challenging track due continuous stochastic transitions, such as merges splits, which cause local neighbourhood rearrangements over short time length scales. To address this, we propose...

Many questions in developmental biology depend on measuring the position and movement of individual cells within developing embryos. Yet, tools that provide this data are often challenged by high cell density their accuracy is difficult to measure. Here, we present a three-step procedure address problem. Step one novel segmentation algorithm based image derivatives that, combination with selective post-processing, reliably automatically segments nuclei from images densely packed tissue. two...

In development and disease, cells move as they exchange signals. One example is found in vertebrate development, where the timing of segment formation set by a “segmentation clock” which oscillating gene expression synchronized across population Delta-Notch signaling. signaling requires local cell-cell contact, but zebrafish embryonic tailbud rapidly, exchanging neighbors. Previous theoretical studies proposed that this relative movement or cell mixing might alter thereby enhance...

SUMMARY Tracking and motion analyses of semi-flexible biopolymer networks from time-lapse microscopy images are important tools that enable quantitative measurements to unravel dynamical mechanical properties biopolymers in living tissues for understanding their organization function. Biopolymer pose tracking challenges as they exhibit continuous stochastic transitions the form merges/splits resulting local neighborhood rearrangements over short time/length scales. We propose STIPS algorithm...

A novel conotoxin pl14a containing 25 amino acid residues with an amidated C-terminus from vermivorous cone snail, Conus planorbis belongs to J-conotoxin superfamily and this is the first conotoxin, which inhibits both nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes Kv1.6 channel. We have attempted through bioinformatics approaches elucidate extent of specificity towards Kv1 channel (Kv1.1-Kv1.6). Our work provides rationale for relatively high binding mode channel.The peptide contains two types...

Abstract The I‐conotoxin superfamily (I‐Ctx) is known to have four disulfide bonds with the cysteine arrangement C‐C‐CC‐CC‐C‐C, and members inhibit or modify ion channels of nerve cells. Recently, Olivera co‐workers ( FEBS J . 2005; 272: 4178–4188) suggested that previously described I‐Ctx should now be divided into two different gene superfamilies, namely, I 1 2 , in view their having types signal peptides exhibiting distinct functions. We revisited 28 entries presently grouped as UniProt...

Abstract Microridges are evolutionarily conserved actin-rich protrusions present on the apical surface of squamous epithelial cells. In zebrafish epidermal cells, microridges form self-evolving patterns due to underlying actomyosin network dynamics. However, their morphological and dynamic characteristics have remained poorly understood owing a lack computational methods. We achieved ~95% pixel-level accuracy with deep learning microridge segmentation strategy enabling quantitative insights...

Abstract Apical projections are integral functional units of epithelial cells. Microvilli and stereocilia cylindrical apical that formed bundled actin. Microridges on the other hand, grow laterally long, forming labyrinthine patterns surfaces various kinds squamous So far, structural organization functions microridges have remained elusive. We analyzed zebrafish epidermal cells using confocal electron microscopy methods including tomography, to show a microridge is network F-actin requires...

We study spatial correlations between oscillator phases in the steady state of a Kuramoto model, which phase oscillators that are randomly distributed space interact with constant strength but within limited range. Such model could be relevant, for example, synchronization gene expression oscillations cells, where only neighboring cells coupled through cell-cell contacts. analytically infer phase-phase correlation functions from known steady-state distribution case homogenous frequencies and...

ABSTRACT Microridges are evolutionarily conserved actin-rich protrusions present on the apical surface of squamous epithelial cells. In zebrafish epidermal cells, microridges form self-evolving patterns due to underlying actomyosin network dynamics. However, their morphological and dynamic characteristics have remained poorly understood owing lack automated segmentation methods. We achieved ~97% pixel-level accuracy with deep learning microridge strategy enabling quantitative insights into...