A5014797288- interferon and immune responses
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Legionella and Acanthamoeba research
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- RNA regulation and disease
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
University of Washington
2022-2024
University of California, Berkeley
2017-2023
New York University
2016-2021
Inflammasomes are cytosolic multi-protein complexes that detect infection or cellular damage and activate the Caspase-1 (CASP1) protease. The NAIP5/NLRC4 inflammasome detects bacterial flagellin is essential for resistance to flagellated intracellular bacterium Legionella pneumophila. effectors required downstream of restrict replication remain unclear. Upon activation, CASP1 cleaves activates pore-forming protein Gasdermin-D (GSDMD) effector caspase-7 (CASP7). However, Casp1–/– (and...
Type I interferons (IFNs) are essential for anti-viral immunity, but often impair protective immune responses during bacterial infections. An important question is how type IFNs strongly induced viral infections, and yet appropriately restrained The Super susceptibility to tuberculosis 1 (Sst1) locus in mice confers resistance diverse Here we provide evidence that Sp140 a gene encoded within the Sst1 represses IFN transcription We generated Sp140-/- found they susceptible infection by...
Stem cells reside in niches that provide signals to maintain self-renewal, and differentiation is viewed as a passive process depends on loss of access these signals. Here, we demonstrate the somatic cyst stem (CySCs) Drosophila testis actively promoted by PI3K/Tor signaling, CySCs lacking activity cannot differentiate properly. We find an insulin peptide produced immediately outside cell niche acts locally promote through Insulin-like receptor (InR) activation. These results indicate there...
Aging causes stem cell dysfunction as a result of extrinsic and intrinsic changes. Decreased function the niche is an important contributor to this dysfunction. We use Drosophila testis investigate what factors maintain cells. The comprises quiescent "hub" cells supports two mitotic pools: germline somatic cyst (CySCs). identify cell-cycle-responsive Dp/E2f1 transcription factor crucial non-autonomous regulator required in CySCs hub quiescence. inhibits local Activin ligands through...
Significance Cyclic dinucleotides are signaling molecules that originated in bacteria and were subsequently acquired co-opted by animals for immune signaling. The major cyclic dinucleotide pathway mammals results the production of antiviral called interferons. Invertebrates such as sea anemones lack interferons, thus it was unclear whether would play a role immunity these animals. Here, we report anemone Nematostella vectensis , activate both antibacterial responses do so through conserved...
Macrophages employ an array of pattern recognition receptors to detect and eliminate intracellular pathogens that access the cytosol. The cytosolic carbohydrate sensors Galectin-3, -8, -9 (Gal-3, Gal-8, Gal-9) recognize damaged pathogen-containing phagosomes, Gal-3 Gal-8 are reported restrict bacterial growth via autophagy in cultured cells. However, contribution these galectins host resistance during infection vivo remains unclear. We found Gal-9 binds directly Mycobacterium tuberculosis...
ABSTRACT CRISPR-Cas systems provide their prokaryotic hosts with sequence-specific immunity to foreign genetic elements, including bacteriophages and plasmids. While most interfere phage infection though cleavage of viral DNA, type VI CRISPR use the RNA-guided nuclease Cas13 recognize mRNA targets. Upon engaging target RNA, cleaves both host transcripts nonspecifically, leading a state cell dormancy that is incompatible propagation. However, whether how infected cells recover from not clear....
Abstract Type I interferons (IFNs) are essential for anti-viral immunity, but often impair protective immune responses during bacterial infections. An important question is how type IFNs strongly induced viral infections, and yet appropriately restrained The Super susceptibility to tuberculosis 1 (Sst1) locus in mice confers resistance diverse Here we provide evidence that Sp140 a gene encoded within the Sst1 represses IFN transcription We generated -/- find they susceptible infection by...
ABSTRACT Prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas immunity is subverted via anti-CRISPRs (Acrs), small proteins that inhibit Cas protein activities when expressed during the phage lytic cycle or from resident prophages plasmids. defenses are classified into 6 types and 33 subtypes, which employ a diverse suite of effectors differ in their mechanisms interference. As Acrs often work binding to cognate protein, inhibition almost always limited single CRISPR type. Furthermore, while acr genes frequently...
Summary CRISPR-Cas systems confer adaptive immunity to their prokaryotic hosts through the process of adaptation, where sequences are captured from foreign nucleic acids and integrated as spacers in CRISPR array, thereby enable crRNA-guided interference against new threats. While Cas1-2 integrase is critical for it absent many loci, rendering mechanism spacer acquisition unclear these systems. Here we show that RNA-targeting type VI-A system Listeria seeligeri acquires DNA substrates action...
Abstract In mammals, cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) bind and activate STING to initiate an anti-viral type I interferon response. CDNs originated in bacteria are present most animals. By contrast, interferons believed have emerged vertebrates; thus, the function of CDN signaling invertebrates is unclear. Here, we use a CDN, 2’3’-cGAMP, immune responses model cnidarian invertebrate, starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis . Using RNA-Seq, found that 2’3’-cGAMP induces robust transcription...
Abstract Macrophages employ an array of pattern recognition receptors to detect and eliminate intracellular pathogens that access the cytosol. The cytosolic carbohydrate sensors Galectin-3, -8, -9 (Gal-3, Gal-8, Gal-9) recognize damaged pathogen-containing phagosomes, Gal-3 Gal-8 are reported restrict bacterial growth via autophagy in cultured cells. However, contribution these galectins host resistance during infection remains unclear. We found Gal-9 binds directly Mycobacterium...