A5105667407- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Organic Food and Agriculture
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Potato Plant Research
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Agricultural safety and regulations
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
- Agriculture and Biological Studies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
Agroscope
2024
Forschungsinstitut für Biologischen Landbau
2014-2023
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture
2000-2019
Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau
2018-2019
The reduction of copper-based plant-protection products with the final aim phasing out has a high priority in European policy, as well organic agriculture. Our survey aims at providing an overview current use these agriculture and need for alternatives to allow policymakers develop strategies complete out. Due lack centralized databases on pesticide use, our combines expert knowledge permitted real copper per crop country, statistics area. In 12 surveyed countries (Belgium, Bulgaria,...
Soil suppressiveness to pathogens is defined as the capacity of soil regulate soil-borne pathogens. It can be managed by agricultural practices, but effects reported so far remain inconsistent. difficult predict and for this reason different properties have been linked it with aim find informative indicators, these relationships are not conclusive. The objectives study were i) test if affected long-term management such tillage organic matter (OM) addition; ii) understand direct indirect...
This paper reviews the recent development of scientific, legislative, economic and environmental aspects plant organic farming. The impact farming on biodiversity soil fertility is discussed in comparison with conventional systems. A significant barrier for wide application future existing diversity national international policy instruments this sector. Special attention paid to up-to-date research techniques that could help solve a number problems typically faced It argued still not...
Calls for supporting sustainability through more and better research rest on an incomplete understanding of scientific evidence use. We argue that a variety barriers to transformative impact arises from diverse actor motivations within different stages abductively specify this in policy practice arenas three (truth-seeking, sense-making, utility-maximizing) five (evidence production, uptake, influence decisions, effects outcomes, feedback outcome evaluations). Our interdisciplinary synthesis...
Current farm systems rely on the use of Plant Protection Products (PPP) to secure high productivity and control threats quality crops. However, PPP may have considerable impacts human health environment. A study protocol is presented aiming determine occurrence levels residues in plants (crops), animals (livestock), humans other non-target species (ecosystem representatives) for exposure modelling impact assessment. To achieve this, we designed a cross-sectional compare conventional organic...
Genetic variation and pathogenicity of Phytophthora infestans isolates collected from organic potato crops the susceptible cv. Bintje moderately resistant Santé were assessed in France, Norway, United Kingdom 2001 Switzerland 2002. Population structures differed considerably between four P. populations. Those UK mainly clonal populations showing restricted levels genetic diversity, whilst those Norway mixed A1 A2 mating type with high suggesting periodical sexual reproduction. Isolates on...
The effect of temperature on mycelial growth and spore production Monilinia laxa, the brown rot fungus sweet cherry, was studied in vitro as well temperature, moisture, relative humidity conidial germination. Mycelial observed at 2.5-30 C. A model fitted to data, optimum calculated 24.8 comparison a second experiment between predicted indicated that diurnal cycles (3/12 or 101 22 C) did not alter rates compared constant temperatures. M. laxa produced highest daily number conidia 10 C, with...
ABSTRACT Late blight of potatoes, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is particularly difficult to prevent or control in organic agriculture. In this study, the host resistance selected varieties foliar and tuber their yield under growing conditions were assessed trials carried out four countries (Switzerland, France, England Norway) 2001 2002. The objective was identify new, more resistant varieties, which might replace some susceptible are currently grown each country, five test compared...
There is growing demand to replace chemical pesticides with alternatives owing concerns related impacts on human health and the environment. Plant-derived plant protection products could provide sustainable environmentally friendly products. The aim of this study was identify fungal extracts so far unknown activity against important pathogens by in vitro screening a library more than 3000 extracts.Several promising fungicidal (MIC100 ≤ 50 µg mL(-1) ) towards one or several investigated...
The organic market has grown exponentially in Europe during the last ten years. However, fruit industry shown lowest growth rates (1-5% share) compared to other commodities. One major reason is high production risk due disease and pest pressure humid climates. Key pests diseases apple pear include scab, sooty blotch, fire blight as well rosy aphid, sucker, codling moth. In cherry, damages brown rot (Monilinia) cherry fly make almost unfeasible. an ideal system, all possible measures that...
Plant extracts might provide sustainable alternatives to copper fungicides, which are still widely used despite their unfavourable ecotoxicological profile. Larch bark extract and its constituents, larixyl acetate larixol, have been shown be effective against grapevine downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) under semi-controlled conditions. The aim of this study was reduce the gap between innovation registration a marketable product, namely develop scalable extraction processes evaluate optimise...
ABSTRACT In organic viticulture, downy mildew is often controlled with copper. Because copper known to be phytotoxic and accumulate in the soil, replacement of a major concern agriculture. Here, 13 on-farm trials evaluate potassium phosphonate as an alternative fungicide are reported. Residues were determined 53 samples wine. Potassium was effective against mildew, but not powdery red fire disease. Treatment effectivity increased significantly amounts applied. Phosphonate residues wine...
Organic agriculture only allows a few 'natural' compounds for managing pests and diseases such as copper which is applied fungicide in apple, grape, potato, tomato production. But heavy metal, under debate the organic sector. One key strategy to replace use market introduction of resistant varieties. In this article, obstacles opportunities new apple potato varieties are identified described. A comparative analysis integrating agricultural, economic, cultural, social perspectives conducted...