Low-energy photoelectron spectroscopy combined with yield was developed to investigate the buried organic interfaces in practical device thickness. Ultralow background signal and charging durability were achieved by utilizing monochromatic low-energy photons. C60/rubrene/Au studied as a prototypical system of solar cells. The low density gap states detected rubrene film small feature due C60-induced morphological change observed C60/rubrene interface.

The carrier dynamics in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells were investigated by impedance spectroscopy. We introduced a novel spectrum representation called dynamic modulus plot (DMP), which allowed us to observe the layer-to-layer injection behavior graphically. In this work, responses characterized N,N’-diphenyl-N,N’-di-m-tolyl- 4,4’-diaminobiphenyl (TPD)/C60 p-n heterostructured OPV against applied voltages. dependence of on layer thickness revealed constant internal electric field that...

We carried out degradation analysis of a blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diode by both impedance spectroscopy and transient electroluminescence (EL) spectroscopy. The number semicircles observed in the Cole-Cole plot modulus became three to two after device was operated for 567 hours. Considering effective layer thickness initial degraded devices did not change combining Bode-plot imaginary part modulus, relaxation times emission hole-blocking with electron transport layers...

In previous papers, we introduced a novel analysis technique of the impedance spectroscopy organic light emitting diodes to elucidate their layer-to-layer carrier dynamics and proposed transport model. this article, will discuss in voltage region where cannot be distinguished. There appear several specific characteristic features frequency- voltage-dependence complex impedance, negative diffusion impedance. bias region, neither injection nor accumulation occurs, conductance shows ω1/2...

The problem of pitch perception has been the subject a long debate between place theory and time theory. Here, we propose Power Series Template (PoST) model to answer questions how why comes about. sensitive measurement acoustic signals requires efficient sound amplification, which inevitably accompanies mode coupling due perturbative non-linearities. Under reinforcement learning, with second- third-order nonlinearities as default teacher for localization in auditory scene analysis, chain...

We present the impedance analysis of multi-layered organic electronic devices. have developed a new technique, Dynamic Modulus Plot (DMP), which is combination C-V measurement and Cole-Cole plot. It applied to analyze anomaly color index change against current density stacked Red/Green phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED). DMP shows that electrons accumulate in green emitting layer below turn-on voltage. The attributed quench triplet excitons by accumulated layer. becomes less...

Inorganic semiconductors and conducting polymers are described by band conduction models with delocalized electrons, whereas small-molecule organic compounds hopping between localized molecular orbitals. However, the latter devices can reproduce fully characteristics of semiconductor devices. Why they so different yet similar? We will try to answer this question using Category theory considering meaning electrical transport in electronic materials. The category physics is consider...

Abstract The problem of pitch perception has been the subject a long debate between place theory and time theory. Here, we propose Power Series Template (PoST) model to answer how why comes about. sensitive measurement acoustic signals requires efficient Sound Amplification, which inevitably accompanies mode coupling due perturbative non-linearities. Under reinforcement learning for Localization with second- third-order modes as default teacher signals, chain coincidence is generated. After...

In-situ impedance spectroscopy (IS) observations of the photoconductivity carriers induced by photo-irradiation in organic hetero-junction structured photovoltaic devices are presented. In IS measurements, externally applied voltage and dependence light intensity to device were investigated. Analysis frequency characteristics which was measured changing shows there is a proportional relationship between changes conductivities two components. The mobilities CuPc C60 layers calculated from...