For decades, illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has been a global threat to ocean sustainability, livelihoods national security of coastal States, as well the safety human rights communities. It is significant point contention for United Nations (UN), it undermines many aspects Sustainable Development Goals. Being driven by profit maximisation, vessel owners involved in IUU not only cut costs flouting fisheries regulations, but also compromising decent working conditions,...

For decades, illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing has been a global threat to ocean sustainability maritime security as well undermining the safety human rights of communities. IUU is especially prevalent damaging in developing coastal states high seas where capacity enforcement may be weak or lacking. It complex socioecological problem that undermines many aspects Sustainable Development Goals. Its eradication itself target SDG 14. Three UN Specialised Agencies – Food...

The article explores the recordkeeping practices of seafarers concerning implementation work and rest hours' regulations. In particular, it considers what motivates to hide their violations through record adjustment. research adopted a qualitative methodology understand this industry problem, involving use semi-structured interviews. These were conducted with 20 analyze recording adjustment records. participants underline that imbalance between workload manning levels leads recurrent...

Recently, the Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Transparency International, and InfluenceMap questioned International Maritime Organization (IMO) governance. The critics suggested that industry a handful of countries captured IMO's regulatory development. To verify NGOs' claims, paper introduces quantitative methodology to assess most influential stakeholders in debates. study quantified twenty-two years written evidence participation Safety Committee (MSC) seven Sub-committee on Human...

Mandatory work/rest hours regulations guarantee a base level of fatigue management at sea while ensuring an even playing field across the industry. Although studies have highlighted concerns regarding accuracy compliance reporting and enforcement efficacy in detecting non-compliance, gap remains understanding extent non-compliance that may go undetected during efforts. This study compared results port State control (PSC) inspections conducted as part concentrated inspection campaigns...

The International Maritime Organization (IMO), through its Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC), has been carrying out substantive work on the reduction and limitation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international shipping since 1997, following adoption Kyoto Protocol 1997 MARPOL Conference. While to date no mandatory GHG instrument for adopted, IMO given significant consideration matter working in accordance with an ambitious plan, a view adopting package technical provisions....

Essential to steel production in Bangladesh, the ship recycling industry has become a vital component of country's economy. After four decades growth, Bangladesh continues compete with India lead international industry. In Chittagong area, sector, and related downstream activities, provides employment resources nearby communities. Despite its profitability income generation, poor working practices low environmental standards tarnish image sector at national levels. Numerous accidents...

In a view to protect workers from extended work periods as well comply with the Versailles Peace Treaty requirements, International Labour Organization (ILO) regulated hours of 1919 using '8-hour workday and 48-h workweek' yardsticks. However, historical perspective demonstrates ILO's difficulties in integrating such standards for sea workers. From 1920 1958, ILO endeavoured anchor 8-hour principle maritime conventions on working time ensure compliance by quantifying manning levels. Facing...

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) expanded, in 2011, its air emissions control regulations by encouraging energy efficiency and added them to MARPOL Annex VI. To assist national implementation of these new regulations, the IMO-KOICA partnership sponsored development a Train-the-Trainer (TTT) project on efficient operation ships. first objective was develop comprehensive training package, which covers company policy shipping contracts, port/ship interaction, ship technical...

The maritime sector must swiftly transition to entirely net-zeros carbon practices within a timeframe shorter than the typical lifespan of ship. reduction and compensation vessel’s debt is thus made priority by IMO other regulatory stakeholders. However, evaluating ship's footprint hindered intricacies modern ship designs complexity operations. In following combined cradle-to-gate life cycle analysis holistic energy simulations were experimented resolve this issue. simulation-based...

Fatigue is considered a major safety concern in the shipping sector. It imperative to understand its underlying determinants considering that it most identifiable and preventable cause of accidents. Although studies have investigated diverse range risk factors, there limited research on those should be prioritised addressed.An online survey was conducted collect seafarer data. The respondents ranked eight predetermined fatigue factors based their perceived severity. An open-ended question...

The COVID-19 crisis locked sea workers on their ships for extended periods. They have been deprived of right to repatriation or shore leave. Their employment agreements were extended, medical assistance failed, and financial challenges affected them. revealed the lack care seafarers, which may mid-term long-term consequences this population. study elaborates 54 in-depth interviews confirms such as downgraded working conditions, including high work-related stress few opportunities recovery,...

STCW 78 as amended is the most comprehensive source of information regarding mariners' knowledge, understanding, and professions (KUPs), a reliable reference for curriculum design in maritime education training institutions (METIs). However, changing regulatory technological shipping landscape requires continuous assessing adequacy current requirements. Therefore, this study reviews safety, quality, environmental management systems (SQEMS) from two large companies. From review, expected...