A5068794274- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Diptera species taxonomy and behavior
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Spider Taxonomy and Behavior Studies
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
World Maritime University
2019-2025
Lund University
2011-2022
University of Sheffield
2008-2014
Marine Biological Laboratory
2005-2008
Government of Western Australia
1996
University of Wales
1992-1995
Cardiff University
1985-1991
International Rice Research Institute
1981
University of Amsterdam
1969
Abstract The evolution of reproductive isolation in the presence gene flow is supported by theoretical models but rarely data. Empirical support might be gained from studies parallel hybrid zones between interbreeding taxa. We analysed over two separating ecotypes Littorina saxatilis to test expectation that neutral genetic markers will show site‐specific differences if barriers have evolved situ . Distinct found contrasting shore habitats are separated divergent selection and poor...
Parallel evolution of similar phenotypes provides strong evidence for the operation natural selection. Where these contribute to reproductive isolation, they further support a role divergent, habitat-associated selection in speciation. However, observation pairs divergent ecotypes currently occupying contrasting habitats distinct geographical regions is not sufficient infer parallel origins. Here we show striking phenotypic divergence between populations rocky-shore gastropod, Littorina...
Extreme climatic events, such as heat waves, are predicted to increase in frequency and intensity during the next hundred years, which may accelerate shifts hydrological regimes submerged macrophyte composition freshwater ecosystems. Since macrophytes profound components of aquatic systems, predicting their response extreme events is crucial for implementation climate change adaptation strategies. We therefore performed an experiment 24 outdoor enclosures (400 L) separating impact a 4 °C...
Abstract In organisms encountering predictable environments, fixed development is expected, whereas in that cannot predict their future environment, phenotypic plasticity would be optimal to increase local adaptation. To test this prediction we experimentally compared two rocky-shore snail species; Littorina saxatilis releasing miniature snails on the shore, and littorea drifting larvae settling various shores, expecting L. show more than saxatilis. We magnitude direction of vectors...
The expression of anti-predator adaptations may vary on a spatial scale, favouring traits that are advantageous in given predation regime. Besides, evolution different developmental strategies depends to large extent the grain environment and result locally canalized or, alternatively, phenotypic plasticity as regimes across habitats. We investigated potential for predator-driven variability shell morphology freshwater snail, Radix balthica, whether found differences were specialized ecotype...
From previous studies, the biological nature of so‐called biotypes N. lugens is obscure. Experiments on 1, 2 and 3 from Philippines demonstrated that they lacked significant breeding barriers. Inbred biotype cultures showed considerable variation overlap between each other in virulence. A field population was similarly variable included individuals which could be attributed to different biotypes. It concluded use term this species biologically misleading undesirable. RÉSUMÉ LES “BIOTYPES” DE...
Organisms display an impressive array of defence strategies in nature. Inducible defences (changes morphology and/or behaviour within a prey's lifetime) allow prey to decrease vulnerability predators and avoid unnecessary costs expression. Many studies report considerable interindividual variation the degree which inducible are expressed, yet what underlies this is poorly understood. Here, we show that individuals differing key personality trait also differ magnitude morphological Crucian...
Populations of Nilaparvata lugens from 18 geographically defined and widely distributed regions in Asia Australasia were maintained the laboratory on growing rice plants. Crosses between some these showed varying degrees success hybridization. Those insects Australia Solomon Islands had lowest rates, but successful individual crosses there was little evidence hybrid inviability. Behavioural barriers form substrate transmitted courtship signals appeared to be primarily responsible for low...
Populations of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), from Philippines were collected and reared on grass weed, Leersia hexandra Swartz. Six different populations five localities studied compared with a sympatric rice-feeding population. Experiments survival, virulence oviposition preferences demonstrated that one host plant survived poorly other showed strong preference for species which they derived. Crosses between two some barriers to hybridization, but viable fertile hybrids...
Few surveys have concentrated on studying the adaptive value of phenotypic plasticity within genetically-distinct conspecific ecotypes. Here, we conduct a test to assess that partial may for survival in marine gastropod Littorina saxatilis. This species has evolved canalized ecotypes but, nevertheless, show some traits under divergent selection between wave-exposed and high-predation habitats. We exposed juveniles each ecotype several environmental treatments laboratory conditions order...
Recent research has shown the potential for nonallopatric speciation, but we lack an adequate understanding of mechanisms prezygotic barriers and how these evolve in presence gene flow. The marine snail Littorina saxatilis distinct ecotypes different shore microhabitats. Ecotypes hybridize contact zones, flow is impeded by assortative mating. Earlier studies have that males females same ecotype copulate longer than mates ecotype. Here report a new mechanism further contributes to...
Biotype 1, 2 and 3 populations from the Philippines were selected for 11 generations on standard rice cultivars, TN1 (no gene resistance). Mudgo (Bph 1). ASD7 (bph 2). Percentage survival, weight of newly emerged ♀ time taken 50°C survivors to become adults scored each line at generation combined into a single index. Virulence was assessed before after 10 selection by measuring change honeydew produced in 24 hr. Performance virulence all lines changed markedly towards normal “biotype”...
Abstract Formation of partially reproductively isolated ecotypes in the rough periwinkle, Littorina saxatilis , may be a case incipient nonallopatric ecological speciation. To better understand dynamics ecotype formation, its timescale, driving forces and evolutionary consequences, we developed spatially explicit, individual‐based model incorporating relevant ecological, spatial mate selection data for Swedish L. . We explore impact bounded hybrid superiority, scenarios systems on gene flow...
Some mitochondrial introgression is common between closely related species, but distinct species rarely show substantial in their entire distribution range. In this study, however, we report a complete lack of divergence two sympatric flat periwinkles (Littorina fabalis and Littorina obtusata) which, based on previous allozyme studies, diverged approximately 1 Ma. We re-examined status using both morphology (morphometric analysis) neutral genetic markers (microsatellites) our results...
Populations of the morphological species, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), were found to breed and feed on grass, Leersia hexandra Schwartz, at six sites in Queensland, Australia. They differ from sympatric rice-feeding populations characters pulse repetition frequencies male female acoustic courtship signals. The two host-derived hybridize freely laboratory, but mate choice experiments show very significant preferences for homogametic matings. No indication field hybridization has been found, so...