As developing countries, Indonesia had their municipal solid waste (MSW) production increase due to population growth and its reached 190,000 metric ton/day in 2014. Selection of appropriate technology is necessary reduce the volume primarily utilize as energy source because calorific value inside. Three thermal based technologies are available for (WtE) which incineration, conventional air gasification, plasma gasification. Their feasibility was evaluated environmentally economically. None...

The lignocellulosic residue from the palm oil industry, empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), represents a challenge to both producing industries and environment due its disposal difficulties. Alternatively, OPEFB can be used for production of valuable products if pretreatment methods, which overcome recalcitrance allow tailored valorization all carbohydrates lignin, are developed. Specifically, high-value applications increase contribution feasibility biorefineries, demand high-purity fractions. In...

Recently, the amount of Yogyakarta province municipal solid waste (MSW) came into Piyungan landfill site stood at around 470 ton/day consisting 77% organic and 23% inorganic fractions. Annually, there was an increase as many 8% per annum for MSW. Reduction MSW can be "forced" in integrated management (in Indonesia is called TPST) which built level. In each TPST, are two main activities Recycling Composting. Both scenarios assume that recycled so subsequent need to manage waste. Based on...

Chitosan utilization as a preservative agent for freshly caught fish has been studied intensively during the last ten years in Indonesia, but effort was concentrated more on ponds-raised fresh water fish. In this paper we report our preliminary results of study using chitosan form nanoparticle (nano-chitosan) to improve shelf life wild young yellowfin tuna (YFT- Thunnus albacares, Bonnaterre 1788). Pharmaceutical grade dissolved 0.2 mM aqueous acetic acid and ammonium hydroxide added reach...

Vinasse, the liquid waste from bottom of a bioethanol distillation column, is potential feedstock for biogas production due to its high organic content. Vinasse discharged at temperature, i.e., 60–80 °C. Therefore, thermophilic anaerobic digestion more efficient directly treat vinasse loading rate (OLR). This study investigated performance on sugarcane inoculated with acclimated digested cow manure (DCM). The experiment was run varied OLRs (1,2; 1.8 and 2.4 gCOD.L−1.day−1). process carried...

Microbubbles with slow rising speed, higher specific area and greater oxygen dissolution are desired to enhance gas/liquid mass transfer rate. Such attributes very important tackle challenges on the low efficiency of that occurs in aerobic wastewater treatment systems or aquaculture industries. Many reports focus formation mechanisms microbubbles, but less emphasis system optimization assessment aeration efficiency. This work assesses performance evaluates a porous venturi-orifice...

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is the most-used as a power source due to its high-energy density.Unfortunately, proliferating consumption of LIB incurs in increasing number spent ecosystem which contains hazardous chemical substance especially lithium and cobalt.This phenomenon forces extraction from grow accordingly, even more so demand for various electronic devices Indonesia still relatively expensive.Extraction method using bioleaching, utilizes microorganism leaching agent offers many...

This study aimed to apply a novel type of aerator called Micro Bubble Generator (MBG) for fresh water fish farming. The MBG was run based on the principle venturi tube in which circulated through narrowed channel so that air sucked into device and pushed by flowing create micro-sized bubble. tested aquaculture tilapia be compared conventional (the bubbler currently used experiments) control (container with no aeration). population 150 average initial length 6.44 cm each container. quality...

A unique device, namely as the microbubble generator is a device which able to maintain more dissolved oxygen inside water for various purposes including waste treatment and aquaculture with less energy consumption. One of that types venturi-porous pipe generator. It has advantages simple construction easy maintain. The purpose present study was investigate performance developed type inlet angle 20°, outlet 12°, inlet-throat diameter ratio (Din/Dt) 2.5. experiments were conducted under an...

Kefir is traditionally produced by fermenting cow’s milk using kefir grains as a starter culture. As the viability of microbes within limited and preparing for fermentation laborious, here, single that ferments lactose produces ethanol developed. For this purpose, it important to isolate yeasts can ferment subsequently produce alcohol. This study aimed identify from characterise their ability starters kefir. Based on morphological physiological evaluations, 15 presumptive yeast isolates were...

Anaerobic digestion is one of the solutions in POME treatment because it generates energy form biogas. Nevertheless, high concentration fed into digester will cause acidification level and eventually process failure. The failure can also be affected by inhibitor contained POME, which long chain fatty acid. addition immobilization media commonly used to increase bacteria resistance inhibitor. Natural zeolite considered as appropriate for waste purpose since cheap, has mechanical strength,...

Every liter of sugarcane-based bioethanol production discharges 8–20 liters liquid waste called vinasse, which is suitable for biogas production. However, from vinasse hindered by the presence phenolic compounds as inhibitors in anaerobic digestion. In this study, we investigated improvement specific methane yield digestion adding a solid structure microbial immobilization medium. The ring-shaped zeolite/bentonite mixture loaded with particular amounts Fe(II) cations was used medium tested...

Nano-chitosan was tested as a novel preservation agent for fresh tilapia fish (Oreochromissp). The samples were immersed in 0.6% nano-chitosan 30 minutes and kept storage at room temperature, low temperature (10-15oC), very (2-7oC). In did not exhibit significant preservative effect to inhibit the growth of microbes be compared sample without treatment (control). However lower difference observed term decreasing deterioration rate treated control. quantified using three parameter logistic...

This paper presents the efficiency improvement in aerobic wastewater treatment technology through application of a microbubble generator (MBG) for aeration. Aeration using an MBG is accomplished water circulation and does not need air compressors, making it more energy efficient than conventional aerators. The system with variations on liquid flow rate (Q1) airflow (Qg) combination was tested artificial typical composition organic waste. Experimental data were evaluated by means simplified...

Indonesia is well-known as the world’s biggest palm oil producer with 32.5 million tons of annual production. Palm processing contributes to 60% wastewater, leading environmental problem caused by excessive production wastewater. This i.e. Oil Mill Effluent (POME), has high organic content (40,000-60,000 mg COD/L) which potential for biogas However, its low pH value and long chain fatty acid likely inhibit anaerobic digestion. Porous media might reduce inhibitory effect during POME digestion...

Sanitary landfill method to treat solid waste offered cheaper operational cost but created environmental problems, one of which was leachate accumulation. Treatment meet the standard for disposal water bodies mandatory by regulation. One way is using anaerobic bioreactor digest and produce biogas besides cleaner be disposed. To achieve stability in performance, zeolite as microbial immobilization media. Zeolite proven useful stabilizing growth microorganism reducing inhibitors leachate. The...

Abstract Antibacterial properties of nano-chitosan used for fish preservation would achieve optimum effect when combined with cooling. Applying incorporated in ice can reduce the cooling cost conventional industry. On other hand, during handling, has a high probability to be contaminated by salt seawater. This study was aimed test and freezing-thawing on antibacterial activity. Nano-chitosan prepared using ionic gelation polyelectrolyte complex methods. NaCl (3%m/v) added into solutions...

The micro-bubble generator (MBG) is a novel aeration technology utilizing the concept of fluid flow through an orifice, where air sucked into internal chamber MBG by pressure difference created orifice and immediately pushed high-velocity fluid. This mechanism creates micro-size bubbles with high dissolution rate. study focused on studying effect oxygen rate two most important operating parameters, i.e. volumetric liquid (QL) (QG). Various combinations values for QL QG were systematically...