A5079526241- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Trace Elements in Health
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Click Chemistry and Applications
- Material Dynamics and Properties
Harvard University
2017-2023
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2020-2023
Indian Institute of Technology Madras
2012
Abstract Bacteria have evolved diverse immunity mechanisms to protect themselves against the constant onslaught of bacteriophages 1–3 . Similar how eukaryotic innate immune systems sense foreign invaders through pathogen-associated molecular patterns 4 (PAMPs), many bacterial that respond bacteriophage infection require phage-specific triggers be activated. However, identities such and sensing remain largely unknown. Here we identify investigate anti-phage function CapRel SJ46 , a fused...
Bacteria use diverse immunity mechanisms to defend themselves against their viral predators, bacteriophages. In turn, phages can acquire counter-defense systems, but it remains unclear how such arise and what factors constrain evolution. Here, we experimentally evolved T4 phage overcome a phage-defensive toxin-antitoxin system, toxIN, in Escherichia coli. Through recombination, rapidly acquires segmental amplifications of previously uncharacterized gene, now named tifA, encoding an inhibitor...
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are the largest family of ATP-hydrolyzing transporters, which import or export substrates across membranes, and have members in every sequenced genome. Structural studies biochemistry highlight contrast between global structural similarity homologous enormous diversity their substrates. How do ABC evolve to carry such diverse molecules what variations amino acid sequence alter substrate selectivity? We mutagenized transmembrane domains a conserved...
Molecular dynamics simulations of polyelectrolyte poly(acrylic acid) at infinitely dilute conditions in aqueous solutions containing up to 6 vol% ethanol were performed with explicit solvent and counter-ion description for varying degree neutralisation. In the range concentration employed, this study shows a swelling case non-ionised chain, chain collapse 25% ionised system, minimal 50% no significant change conformation 75–100% chains. Ethanol interacts residues via hydrogen bonding is...
Bacteria have evolved sophisticated and diverse immunity mechanisms to protect themselves against a nearly constant onslaught of bacteriophages 1–3 . Similar how eukaryotic innate immune systems sense foreign invaders through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) 4 , many bacterial that respond bacteriophage infection require phage-specific trigger be activated. However, the identities such triggers mechanistic basis sensing remain almost completely unknown. Here, we discover...
Abstract Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are broadly distributed, yet poorly conserved, genetic elements whose biological functions unclear and controversial. Some TA may provide bacteria with immunity to infection by their ubiquitous viral predators, the bacteriophage. To identify that protect E. coli MG1655 against phage, we searched for those frequently encoded near known phage defense genes in bacterial genomes. Two of tested strong protection homologs DarTG, a recently discovered family...
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters form a large family of transmembrane importers and exporters. Using two nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs), which canonical ATP-sandwich dimer at some point within the transport cycle, harness energy from ATP binding hydrolysis to drive substrate transport. However structural elements that enable tune dimerization propensity NBDs have not been fully elucidated. Here we compared biochemical properties human rat TAP1, subunit heterodimeric transporter...
Summary Bacteria use diverse immunity mechanisms to defend themselves against their viral predators, bacteriophages. In turn, phages can acquire counter-defense systems, but it remains unclear how such arise and what factors constrain evolution. Here, we experimentally evolved T4 phage overcome a phage-defensive toxin-antitoxin system, toxIN , in E. coli . Through recombination, rapidly acquires segmental amplifications of previously uncharacterized gene, now named tifA encoding an inhibitor...
Abstract Bacteria harbor diverse mechanisms to defend themselves against their viral predators, bacteriophages. In response, phages can evolve counter-defense systems, most of which are poorly understood. T4-like phages, the gene tifA prevents bacterial defense by type III toxin–antitoxin (TA) system toxIN, but mechanism TifA inhibits ToxIN remains unclear. Here, we show that directly binds both endoribonuclease ToxN and RNA, leading formation a high molecular weight ribonucleoprotein...
Natural transformation is one of the major mechanisms horizontal gene transfer in bacterial populations and has been demonstrated numerous species bacteria. Despite prevalence natural transformation, much molecular mechanism remains unexplored. One outstanding question how cell powers DNA import, which rapid highly processive. ComFA a few proteins required for Gram-positive Its structural resemblance to DEAD box helicase family led long-held hypothesis that acts as motor help drive import...
Abstract The mating of fungi depends on pheromones that mediate communication between two types. Most species use short peptides as pheromones, which are either unmodified (e.g., α-factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) or C-terminally farnesylated a -factor S. ). Peptide have been found by genetics biochemistry small number fungi, but their sequences and modest conservation make it impossible to detect homologous most species. To overcome this problem, we used four-step computational pipeline...
Abstract ABC transporters are the largest family of ATP-hydrolyzing transporters, with members in every sequenced genome, which transport substrates across membranes. Structural studies and biochemistry highlight contrast between global structural similarity homologous enormous diversity their substrates. How do evolve to carry such diverse molecules what variations amino acid sequence alter substrate selectivity? We mutagenized transmembrane domains a conserved fungal transporter that...
Summary Natural transformation is one of the major mechanisms horizontal gene transfer in bacterial populations and has been demonstrated numerous species bacteria. Despite prevalence natural transformation, much molecular mechanism remains unexplored. One outstanding question how cell powers DNA import, which rapid highly processive. ComFA a handful proteins required for gram-positive Its structural resemblance to DEADbox helicase family led long-held hypothesis that acts as motor help...