The corpus callosum is implicated in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, specific structural deficits and underlying mechanisms are yet to be well defined. We employed diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) metrics characterize white matter properties within five discrete segments 17 typically developing (TD) adults 16 age-matched participants with ASD without co-occurring intellectual disability (ID). DKI included axonal water fraction (faxon) intra-axonal...

Demyelination is observed in both healthy aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders. While the significance of myelin within cortex well acknowledged, studies focused on intracortical demyelination depth-specific structural alterations normal are lacking. Using recently available Human Connectome Project Aging dataset, we investigated a population using T1w/T2w ratio. To capture fine changes across cortical depths, employed surface-based approach by constructing profiles traveling...

To evaluate the myocardial protective effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction () (GXBD) and explore mechanisms inhibition NF-kappa B activation blockade inflammatory responses induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups. Rats treatment group received GXBD (13 g crude drug/kg) for weeks, while model control normal groups equal volumes distilled water. On 22nd day, (I/R) GXBD-treated underwent 30 min occlusion left...

To study the anaphylaxis of Qingkailing injection (QI) and its components. Experimental anaphylactoid allergic reactions were used. Changes in behaviors Beagles serum levels histamine, immunoglobulin (lg)E, IgG, IgM, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), interleukin (IL)-4, as well blood pressure, after injecting QI components on forelimb veins observed. According to comprehensive determination abnormal behavior scores changes IgE, ECP, IL-4, radix isatidis hyodeoxycholic acid caused reactions,...

Myelin abnormalities have been reported in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) white matter. However, vivo examinations of cortical myeloarchitecture SSD, especially those using quantitative measures, are limited. Here, we employed macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) obtained from magnetization transfer imaging to characterize intracortical myelin organization 30 SSD patients versus 34 healthy control (HC) participants. We constructed profiles by extracting MPF values at various depths...

Abstract Background and Hypothesis Microvascular inflammatory mechanisms have been hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of psychotic spectrum disorders (PSDs). However, data evaluating these hypotheses remain limited. Study Design We applied a three-compartment intravoxel incoherent motion free water imaging (IVIM-FWI) technique that estimates perfusion fraction (PF), (FW), anisotropic diffusion tissue (FAt) examine microvascular microstructural changes gray white matter 55...

To establish animal model of histamine-induced anaphylactoid reactions on Beagle dogs through intravenous injection histamine phosphate injection.Anaphylactoid was determined according to the changes praxiology and blood pressure after one injection.It showed that typical be caused by dogs, response high-dose group more obvious than low-dose group.Intravenous could simulate bring clinical reaction, used as a sensitive evaluate reaction traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) in...

Introduction Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) typically starts in the medial temporal lobe, then develops into a neurodegenerative cascade which spreads to other brain regions. People with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are more likely develop dementia, especially presence of amyloid pathology. Thus, we were interested white matter microstructure lobe SCD, specifically lower cingulum bundle that leads hippocampus. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been shown differentiate SCD participants who...

Evidence suggests subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an early risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. We analyzed the associations between memory and diffusion microstructure in lower cingulum white matter bundle SCD with DTI NODDI. Better performance was associated decreased free water volume fraction (FWVF) group but not control group. To best of our knowledge, this first study to find differences NODDI FWVF cingulum. This finding supports prior findings increased neuroinflammation...

In a large cohort of healthy participants (N=349, age range 18-90 years), we characterized intracortical myelin lifespan trajectories using two commonly used proxies, magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) and T1w/T2w, combined with surface-based image processing method. We showed that both measures exhibit an inverted-U shape trajectory for most cortical regions, T1w/T2w values peaking later than MTR. A smoothed spline fitting the allowed further delineation onset decline age, potential aging...

Motivation: While dysmyelination is known to occur in white matter schizophrenia, studies characterizing intracortical myelin vivo are limited. Goal(s): Our goal was quantify chronic schizophrenia (SZ) vs. healthy controls (HC), and correlate myelination with volumetric changes. Approach: We used T1w/T2w ratio map cortical myelin. Results: found decreased volume but increased frontal temporal regions SZ HC. Apart from potentially ectopic content, patients may also reflect iron deposition or...

Motivation: Hippocampal subregions are differentially impacted by early Alzheimer’s pathology and may differ in their roles information processing. However, differences microstructure hippocampal have not been investigated SCD. Goal(s): To investigate how (anterior, medial, posterior) affected Approach: Anatomical diffusion imaging was used to extract tensor diffusional kurtosis metrics from subregions. Results: Reduced fractional anisotropy, decreased kurtosis, increased mean...

Motivation: In vivo myelin mapping of the human brain holds great research significance due to critical role that health plays in both normal and neuropathological conditions. Goal(s): To quantitatively assess relationship concordance between MRI-based myelin-sensitive metrics, which are not well understood current literature. Approach: Using macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) as a standard marker, we compared longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) T1w/T2w image ratio their reliability across...

Abstract Background Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) of brain white matter is better at predicting future cognitive decline and medial temporal lobe atrophy than cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in subjective (SCD) 1 . However, few studies have investigated gray DWI SCD, despite the importance regional changes as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease related dementias. Method 316 cognitively normal participants from Cam‐CAN 2 (123 SCD) older 55 were included analysis. Participants placed SCD...

Abstract Background Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) of brain white matter is better at predicting future cognitive decline and medial temporal lobe atrophy than cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in subjective (SCD)1. However, few studies have investigated gray DWI SCD, despite the importance regional changes as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease related dementias. Method 316 cognitively normal participants from Cam‐CAN2 (123 SCD) older 55 were included analysis. Participants placed SCD group...

To observe the allergenicity of chlorogenic acid (CA) in Qingkailing injection.CA was administrated to Beagle dogs through intravenous injection, and on experimental allergic sensitization guinea pigs, it intraperitoneal injection. The behavioral changes pigs were observed, content histamine, IgE, IgG, IgM, ECP IL-4 blood detected. Then CA determined by anaphylactoid methods.There no typical increasement blood.CA can not provoke reactions.

To investigate the influence of Tanyu Tongzhi (TYTZ) recipe on chemorheology, blood lipid and inflammatory factors hyperlipidemia myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Sixty SD male rats were divided into 5 groups randomly, sham-operated group, model high dose group reproduced by ligation left descending artery for 30 min followed releasing TYTZ low TYTZ. The MI/RI myocardium was 2 hours rats. Serum contents CHO, TG, HDL-L, LDL-L whole viscosity, plasma viscosity ICAM-1, TNF-alpha,...

Objective To investigate the influence of Tanyu-Tongzhi (TYTZ)recipe on Rho/Rho kinase signal transduction pathway myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in high fat-fed rats.Methods 60 SD rats were divided into 5 groups randomly,a sham-operated group,a model western medicine control high-dose group and a low-dose TYTZ recipe.The ischemia reperfusion myocardium was reproduced by ligation left descending artery for 30 min followed releasing 2 hours rats.The downstream substrates ROCK myosin...

Identifying early changes associated with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and separating pathological from normal brain aging is a key step in AD treatment development. It has been proposed that neuropathological retrogenesis heralded by cortical demyelination underlies the behavioral characterizing AD. As one of earliest manifestations AD, subjective cognitive decline (SCD) major research target, however, few studies have discovered reliable neural correlates at this stage. Here, using...

Abstract Background A common criticism of considering Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) as a preclinical stage Alzheimer’s Disease is that it may be explained by depression or anxiety 1 . We used NODDI, diffusion microstructural model 2 , to explore the pathophysiology and in SCD versus controls. Method 325 participants Cam‐CAN study 3 (127 SCD) older than 55 were included analysis. Diffusion imaging data was collected on 3T Siemens TIM Trio scanner with 32‐channel head coil for 0, 1000...

Abstract Background Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can separate subjective cognitive decline (SCD) participants who progress to mild impairment and those do not 1. We explored the effect age memory performance has on DTI measures in SCD controls hippocampal cingulum bundle, which is typically affected early course of Alzheimer’s disease2. Method 325 Cam‐CAN 3 (127 SCD) older than 55 were included analysis. data was collected a 3T Siemens TIM Trio scanner with 32‐channel head coil for 0, 1000...

Abstract Background A common criticism of considering Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) as a preclinical stage Alzheimer’s Disease is that it may be explained by depression or anxiety1. We used NODDI, diffusion microstructural model2, to explore the pathophysiology and anxiety in SCD versus controls. Method 325 participants Cam‐CAN study 3 (127 SCD) older than 55 were included analysis. Diffusion imaging data was collected on 3T Siemens TIM Trio scanner with 32‐channel head coil for 0, 1000...