A5064602852- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
University of Pennsylvania
2016-2025
California University of Pennsylvania
2022-2024
University of Missouri–Kansas City
2020-2024
University of Kansas
2024
Quest Diagnostics (United States)
2023
Philadelphia University
1996-2022
Translational Research Institute
2022
Children's Mercy Hospital
2020
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
2020
Duke University
2010-2019
Significance Although scientists have identified surprising cognitive flexibility in animals and potentially unique features of human psychology, we know less about the selective forces that favor evolution, or proximate biological mechanisms underlying this process. We tested 36 species two problem-solving tasks measuring self-control evaluated leading hypotheses regarding how why cognition evolves. Across species, differences absolute (not relative) brain volume best predicted performance...
In attentional models of learning, associations between actions and subsequent rewards are stronger when outcomes surprising, regardless their valence. Despite the behavioral evidence that surprising drive neural correlates unsigned reward prediction errors remain elusive. Here we show in a probabilistic choice task, trial-to-trial variations preference track outcome surprisingness. Concordant with this pattern, responses neurons macaque ( Macaca mulatta ) dorsal anterior cingulate cortex...
The core feature of an economic exchange is a decision to trade one good for another, based on comparison relative value. Economists have long recognized, however, that the value individual ascribes during making (i.e., their willingness good) does not always map onto reward they actually experience. Here, we show experienced and are represented in distinct regions ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) passive consumption rewards. Participants viewed two categories rewards—images faces...
People attend not only to their own experiences, but also the experiences of those around them. Such social awareness profoundly influences human behavior by enabling observational learning, as well motivating cooperation, charity, empathy, and spite. Oxytocin (OT), a neurosecretory hormone synthesized hypothalamic neurons in mammalian brain, can enhance affiliation or boost exclusion different species distinct contexts, belying any simple mechanistic neural model. Here we show that inhaled...
Sociality is believed to have evolved as a strategy for animals cope with their environments. Yet the genetic basis of sociality remains unclear. Here we provide evidence that social network tendencies are heritable in gregarious primate. The tendency rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, be tied affiliatively others via connections mediated by partners - analogous friends people demonstrated additive variance. Affiliative were predicted variation at two loci involved serotonergic signalling,...
The approximate number system (ANS) subserves estimation of the items in a set. Typically, ANS function is assessed by requiring participants to compare dots two arrays. Accuracy determined numerical ratio sets being compared, and each participant's Weber fraction (w) provides quantitative index acuity. When making comparisons, however, performance also influenced non-numerical features stimuli, such as size spacing dots. Current models numerosity comparison do not account for these effects...
A high-quality rhesus macaque genome Genome technology has improved substantially since the first full organismal genomes were generated. Applying new technology, Warren et al. refined of macaque, a model nonhuman primate. Long-read and other recent advances in sequencing applied to generate with far fewer gaps helped refine locations numbers repetitive elements. Furthermore, authors performed resequencing among populations identify genetic variability macaque. Thus, previously incomplete...
As any child knows, the first step in counting is summing up individual elements, yet brain mechanisms responsible for this process remain obscure. Here we show, time, that a population of neurons lateral intraparietal area monkeys encodes total number elements within their classical receptive fields graded fashion, across wide range numerical values (2-32). Moreover, modulation neuronal activity by visual quantity developed rapidly, 100 ms stimulus onset, and was independent attention,...
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is thought to play a critical role in forming associations between rewards and actions. Currently available physiological data, however, remain inconclusive regarding the question of whether dACC neurons carry information linking particular actions reward or, instead, encode abstract independent specific Here we show that firing rates majority population studied an eight-option variably rewarded choice task were sensitive both saccade direction...
The Path Not Taken People readily recognize that unchosen actions have consequences and adjust their behavior accordingly. ability to fictive outcomes is thought be a necessary component of regret, disruptions in this may cause anxiety problem gambling. Do animals engage same process? Hayden et al. (p. 948 ) provided monkeys with information about what rewards options would given. monkeys' depended strongly on these outcomes. Responses single neurons the anterior cingulate cortex, which...