We propose a two‐sided model with two competing Internet platforms, and continuum of Content Providers ( CP 's). study the effect net neutrality regulation on capacity investments in market for access, innovation content. Under alternative discriminatory regime, platforms charge priority fee to those 's which are willing deliver their content fast lane. find that under discrimination, broadband both higher than neutrality. Total welfare increases, though regime is not always beneficial as it...

The paper analyses firms’ motivations and the competitive effects of digital conglomerates with relevant industrial organisation strategic management literature. On that basis, it makes recommendations to improve methodologies modes operation EU competition policy in sector. first shows some characteristics economy may explain conglomerates. supply-side, those include important economies scope product development as innovation are often modular based on shared inputs (such data, hardware...

The term "technology neutrality" (or "technological neutrality") is a principle of good regulation in Internet, telecoms and data protection regulation. Yet the has several distinct meanings:

Abstract This paper investigates the impact on fiscal revenues of taxing a two‐sided monopolistic platform offering personalized services to users and targeted advertising sellers, based collection users' personal data. We show that introduction small tax data collection, which has been proposed in French context by Collin Colin, fails increase if value‐added (VAT) rate is high enough, due base interdependence effect between two taxes. Under supermodularity condition platform's profit...

In this paper we study the impact of a radical technological innovation on business models. Do firms react by adjusting their models incrementally, through iterative steps? Or do such innovations lead, instead, to big bang new innovative that are all adopted and experimented with industry? To answer these questions, analyze digitization—a innovation—on in recorded music industry. Using an economic analysis effects digitization, begin building five potential digital for Then, using data from...

We provide a dynamic model to study how the presence of option buy incumbent local exchange carrier's (ILEC) facilities via loop unbundling affects competitive carriers' (CLECs) incentives build alternative infrastructures. show that an unregulated sets rental path for its which delays technology adoption compared case in there is no unbundling. also characterize equilibrium set by incumbent; it prohibitively high at initial phases when effective threat entry with technologies, and...

We propose a model of two‐tier competition between vertically integrated firms and unintegrated downstream firms. show that, even when compete in prices to offer homogeneous input, the B ertrand logic may collapse, input be priced above marginal cost equilibrium. These partial foreclosure equilibria are more likely exist is fierce or competitors relatively inefficient. discuss impact several regulatory tools on competitiveness wholesale market.

Abstract We consider a platform that carries content from two upstream providers and presents personalized recommendations to participating customers. focus on streaming platforms in media markets, where users pay subscription fee join the but no usage fee, consume mix of originating each provider. characterize bias user‐specific offered by when one provider charges lower royalties than other. establish if consumers are sufficiently insensitive bias, recommendation system allows credibly...

We study a major new entry in the French mobile telecommunications market, followed by introduction of fighting brands three incumbents. Using an empirical oligopoly model, we find that incumbents’ brand strategies are difficult to rationalize as unilateral best responses. Instead, their consistent with breakdown tacit semi-collusion: before entry, incumbents could successfully coordinate on restricting product variety avoid cannibalization; after this outcome became harder sustain because...

The report aims to contribute an effective implementation by the European Commission of EU Digital Markets Act, which increase contestability and fairness on digital markets, ultimately augment users' choice innovation.The starts developing five good regulatory principles at substantive level (effectiveness, proportionality, non-discrimination, legal predictability, consistency with other laws) four procedural principles: participation, ex ante post evaluation compliance measures, due...

This paper studies three specific issues around the application of competition policy to big data. The first issue relates market power assessment and analyses given by data control in value chain. second third relate abuse dominance analyse use personalise prices target advertising. To deal with those issues, we recommend an analytical governance framework for agencies.

This paper analyzes the impact of music file sharing on CD purchases. Traditionally, two arguments are opposed concerning sales. On one hand, MP3 downloads only reduces sales legitimate CDs (the competition effect). other consumption free MP3s could lead people to buy which they would never have bought otherwise "sampling effect"). Because court in Napster case and some academic researchers dismissed this sampling effect, article seeks assess whether does indeed occur affirmative what...

The purpose of this article is to identify which, if any, segments the movie business have suffered from digital piracy. We use a sample 620 university-members including undergraduate students, graduate students and professors assess effect piracy on legal demand. A large percentage respondents get pirated movies variety channels (on P2P networks, intranet, by physical means...). Surprisingly, approximately one third pirates declared that watching increased their demand for films (for...