A5101551461- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- RNA modifications and cancer
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Digestive system and related health
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology
2016-2025
Genetika
2010-2020
Kurchatov Institute
2020
Yahoo (United Kingdom)
2016
Academician Pilyugin Center
2011
New York University
2003-2009
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2009
Washington University in St. Louis
1996
A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography
1992-1996
Cornell University
1996
Many prokaryotic species generate hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) in their natural environments. However, the biochemistry and physiological role of this gas nonsulfur bacteria remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that inactivation putative cystathionine β-synthase, γ-lyase, or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase Bacillus anthracis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli suppresses H(2)S production, rendering these pathogens highly sensitive to a multitude...
During transcription of protein-coding genes, bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is closely followed by a ribosome that translates the newly synthesized transcript. Our in vivo measurements show overall elongation rate tightly controlled translation. Acceleration and deceleration result corresponding changes speed RNAP. Moreover, we found an inverse correlation between number rare codons gene, which delay progression, transcription. The stimulating effect on RNAP achieved preventing its...
Significance Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is a highly toxic gas that interferes with cellular respiration; however, at low physiological amounts, it plays an important role in cell signaling. Remarkably, bacteria, endogenously produced H S has been recently recognized as general protective molecule, which renders multiple bacterial species resistant to oxidative stress and various classes of antibiotics. The mechanism this phenomenon remains poorly understood. In paper, we use Escherichia coli...
Emergent resistance to all clinical antibiotics calls for the next generation of therapeutics. Here we report an effective antimicrobial strategy targeting bacterial hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-mediated defense system. We identified cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) as primary generator H2S in two major human pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, discovered small molecules that inhibit CSE. These inhibitors potentiate bactericidal against both pathogens vitro mouse models...
Many operons in Gram-positive bacteria that are involved methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) biosynthesis possess an evolutionarily conserved regulatory leader sequence (S-box) positively controls these genes response to starvation. Here, we demonstrate a feed-back regulation mechanism utilizes S -adenosyl-methionine as effector. directly specifically binds the nascent S-box RNA, causing intrinsic terminator form interrupt transcription prematurely. The RNA thus expands family of newly...
Riboswitches are RNA sensors that regulate gene expression upon binding specific metabolites or ions. Bacterial riboswitches control primarily by promoting intrinsic transcription termination inhibiting translation initiation. We now report a third general mechanism of riboswitch action: governing the ability RNA-dependent helicase Rho to terminate transcription. establish promotes in Mg(2+)-sensing mgtA from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and flavin mononucleotide-sensing ribB...
A starvation survival signal fights DNA damage The alarmone guanosine-3′,5′-(bis)pyrophosphate (ppGpp) shuts down transcription in bacteria that are starving. This “stringent response” helps them conserve energy and survive adverse conditions. Kamarthapu et al. show ppGpp is also essential for repair. couples elongation to the nucleotide excision repair pathway. backtrack RNA polymerase away from facilitate Through inhibiting replication, it avoids dangerous collisions between replication...
In previous research, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by various bacteria into the chemosphere were suggested to play a significant role in antagonistic interactions between microorganisms occupying same ecological niche and target eukaryotes. Moreover, number of volatiles released reported suppress quorum-sensing cell-to-cell communication bacteria, stimulate plant growth. Here, produced Pseudomonas Serratia strains isolated mainly from soil or rhizosphere exhibited bacteriostatic...
Abstract A high-sugar diet has been associated with reduced lifespan in organisms ranging from worms to mammals. However, the mechanisms underlying harmful effects of glucose are poorly understood. Here we establish a causative relationship between endogenous storage form glycogen, resistance oxidative stress and organismal aging Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that glycogen accumulated on high dietary limits C. elegans longevity. Glucose released used for NADPH/glutathione reduction renders...
Abstract Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant cellular antioxidant. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely believed to promote aging and age-related diseases, antioxidants can neutralize ROS, it follows that GSH its precursor, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), among popular dietary supplements. However, long- term effects of or NAC on healthy animals have not been thoroughly investigated. We employed C. elegans demonstrate chronic administration young aged perturbs global gene expression,...
Analysis of a newly sequenced bacterial genome starts with identification protein-coding genes. Functional assignment proteins requires the exact knowledge protein N-termini. We present new program ORPHEUS that identifies candidate genes and accurately predicts gene starts. The analysis database similarity search reliable fragments. latter are used to derive statistical characteristics regions ribosome-binding sites predict complete set in analyzed genome. In test on Bacillus subtilis...
Impaired lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in Gram-negative bacteria results the “deep rough” phenotype, which is characterized by increased sensitivity of cells to various hydrophobic compounds, including antibiotics novobiocin, actinomycin D, erythromycin, etc. The present study showed that E. coli mutants carrying deletions ADP-heptose genes became hypersensitive a wide range antibacterial drugs: DNA gyrase inhibitors, protein inhibitors (aminoglycosides, tetracycline), RNA polymerase...
Abstract Second messenger (p)ppGpp (collectively guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate) mediates bacterial adaptation to nutritional stress by modulating transcription initiation. More recently, ppGpp has been implicated in coupling DNA repair; however, the mechanism of engagement remained elusive. Here we present structural, biochemical genetic evidence that controls Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (RNAP) during elongation via a specific site is nonfunctional Structure-guided...
l-cysteine is the source of all bacterial sulfurous biomolecules. However, cytoplasmic level must be tightly regulated due to its propensity reduce iron and drive damaging Fenton chemistry. It has been proposed that in Escherichia coli component cytochrome bd-I terminal oxidase, CydDC complex, shuttles excessive from cytoplasm periplasm, thereby maintaining redox homeostasis. Here, we provide evidence for an alternative function by demonstrating cydD phenotype, unlike bona fide exporter...
The 26S proteasome is an ATP‐dependent multi‐subunit protease complex and the major regulator of intracellular protein turnover quality control. However, its role in DNA damage response controversial. We addressed this question yeast by disrupting transcriptional regulation PRE1 proteasomal gene. mutant strain has decreased activity hyper‐resistant to various DNA‐damaging agents. found that Rpn4‐target genes MAG1 , RAD23 RAD52 are overexpressed due Rpn4 stabilisation. These represent three...
Uridine phosphorylase from E. coli (Upase) has been crystallized using vapor diffusion technique in a new monoclinic crystal form. The structure was determined by the molecular replacement method at 2.5 Å resolution. coordinates of trigonal form were used as starting model and refinement program XPLOR led to R‐factor 18.6%. amino acid fold protein found be same that crystals. positions flexible regions refined. conclusion about involvement active site is good agreement with results...
Promoters in Escherichia coli that are negatively regulated by the CytR repressor also activated cAMP receptor protein (CRP) complexed to cAMP; as a characteristic, these promoters encode tandem binding sites for cAMP-CRP. In one such promoter, deoP2, binds region between CRP with relatively low affinity; presence of cAMP-CRP, however, and activator bind cooperatively DNA. Here we have investigated this cooperativity isolating mutants abolish regulation without exhibiting concomitant loss...