A5076091414- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Gender Politics and Representation
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
MRIGlobal
2022-2025
University of Pittsburgh
2018-2024
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infections in pregnant livestock cause high rates of fetal demise; miscarriage women has also been associated with RVFV infection. To address how infection during pregnancy causes detrimental effects on the fetus, we developed a rodent model We found that rats were more susceptible to RVFV-induced death than their nonpregnant counterparts and resulted intrauterine severe congenital abnormalities, even pups from infected asymptomatic rats. Virus distribution...
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes severe disease in livestock concurrent with zoonotic transmission to humans. A subset of people infected RVFV develop encephalitis, and significant gaps remain our knowledge how pathology the brain. We previously found that, Lewis rats, subcutaneous inoculation resulted subclinical while inhalation a small particle aerosol caused fatal encephalitis. Here, we compared course rats after each different route order understand more about pathogenic mechanisms...
The zoonotic emerging Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes sporadic disease in livestock and humans throughout Africa the Saudi Arabian peninsula. Infection of people with RVFV can occur through mosquito bite or mucosal exposure during butchering milking infected livestock. Disease typically presents as a self-limiting fever; however, rare cases, hepatitis, encephalitis ocular may occur. Recent studies have illuminated neuropathogenic mechanisms rat aerosol infection model. Neurological...
Aerosol exposure to eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) can trigger a lethal viral in cynomolgus macaques which resembles severe human disease. Biomarkers indicative of central nervous system (CNS) infection by the and outcome disease would be useful evaluating potential medical countermeasures, especially for therapeutic compounds. To meet requirements Animal Rule, better understanding pathophysiology EEEV-mediated is needed. In this study, given dose clone-derived EEEV strain V105...
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a positively-stranded RNA arbovirus of the genus Alphavirus that causes in humans. Cynomolgus macaques are relevant model human disease caused by VEEV and useful exploring pathogenic mechanisms host response to infection. Macaques were exposed small-particle aerosols containing derived from an infectious clone strain INH-9813, subtype IC isolated VEEV-exposed developed biphasic fever after infection similar seen Maximum temperature deviation...
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a disease of animals and humans associated with abortions in ruminants late-gestation miscarriages women. Here, we use rat model congenital RVF to identify tropisms, pathologies, immune responses the placenta during vertical transmission. Infection pregnant rats resulted transmission widespread infection throughout decidua, basal zone, labyrinth zone. Some pups from infected dams appeared normal while others had gross signs teratogenicity including death....
Abstract Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infection causes abortions in ruminant livestock and is associated with an increased likelihood of miscarriages women. Using sheep human placenta explant cultures, we sought to identify tissues at the maternal-fetal interface targeted by RVFV. Sheep villi fetal membranes were highly permissive RVFV resulting markedly higher titers than cultures. cultures most wild-type ΔNSm infection, while live attenuated vaccines (LAVs; MP-12, ΔNSs, ΔNSs/ΔNSm)...
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infection causes abortions in ruminant livestock and is associated with an increased likelihood of miscarriages women. Using sheep human placenta explant cultures, we sought to identify tissues at the maternal-fetal interface targeted by RVFV. Sheep villi fetal membranes were highly permissive RVFV resulting markedly higher titers than cultures. cultures most wild-type ΔNSm infection, while live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs; MP-12, ΔNSs, ΔNSs/ΔNSm) exhibited...
Abstract Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a disease of animals and humans associated with abortions in ruminants and, more recently, late-gestation miscarriages African women. Here, we use rat model congenital RVF to identify cellular tropism, pathology, local immune responses occurring the placenta during vertical transmission. Infection pregnant rats late gestation (embryonic day 14) resulted transmission widespread viral infection throughout decidua, basal zone, labyrinth zone. Some pups...
Abstract Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infections in pregnant livestock are associated with high rates of fetal demise and have been linked to miscarriage women. To address how acute RVFV infection during pregnancy causes detrimental effects on the fetus, we developed an immunocompetent rodent model infection. We found that rats were more susceptible RVFV-induced death than their non-pregnant counterparts resulted intrauterine severe congenital abnormalities, even pups from infected...
ABSTRACT Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a positively-stranded RNA arbovirus of the genus Alphavirus that causes in humans. Cynomolgus macaques are relevant model human disease caused by VEEV and useful exploring pathogenic mechanisms host response to infection. Macaques were exposed small-particle aerosols containing derived from an infectious clone strain INH-9813, subtype IC isolated VEEV-exposed developed biphasic fever after infection similar seen Maximum temperature...