This paper gives a unified and historical review of observer design for the benefit practitioners. It is in sense that all observers are examined terms of: 1) assumed dynamic structure plant; 2) required information, including input signals modeling information 3) implementation equation observer. allows practitioner, with particular problem mind, to quickly find suitable solution. The it follows evolution ideas last half century. From distinction formulation, goal, we can see two schools...

To mitigate the hallucination and knowledge deficiency in large language models (LLMs), Knowledge Graph (KG)-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has shown promising potential by utilizing KGs as external resource to enhance LLMs reasoning.However, existing KG-RAG approaches struggle with a trade-off between flexibility retrieval quality.Modular methods prioritize avoiding use of KG-fine-tuned during retrieval, leading fixed strategies suboptimal quality.Conversely, coupled embed KG...

A novel controller based on multiresolution decomposition using wavelets is presented. The similar to a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) in principle and application. output from motion control system represents the cumulative effect of uncertainties such as measurement noise, frictional variation, external torque disturbances, which manifest at different scales. wavelet used decompose error signal into signals These are then compensate for plant. This approach provides greater expanse...

In this paper, a unique disturbance rejection control strategy is proposed for class of tension and velocity regulation problems found in web process lines. The system actively estimates rejects the effects both dynamic changes external disturbances. Both open-loop closed-loop schemes are investigated. A observer designed order to facilitate closed loop absence transducer. performance existing ones compared results show marked improvements tracking by solutions.

The boundary stabilization problem of a star-shaped type II thermoelastic system is considered, where there nonuniform bounded disturbance at the control end. A time-varying extended state observer proposed to estimate and cancel disturbance, thereby largely removing uncertainties simplifying feedback law design. exponential stability shown for observer, so are well-posedness properties closed-loop system, all based on linear operator semigroup theory. Finally, it that disturbances can be...

Abstract The landmark Ziegler–Nichols (ZN) tuning method from 1942 for proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller has had significant impacts on the industrial control industry to this day, even though it is thought be an empirical with little theoretical justifications. situation not changed much despite fact that a large amount of research and applications been reported over decades. This paper shows first time ZN can incorporated into framework active disturbance rejection (ADR),...

The improvement of Active Disturbance Rejection Control over the existing industry controller is benchmarked with state art industrial automation equipment, using common PLC, drive, and mechanical transmissions belt, gear, direct coupling. All together 168 tests are run at various line speeds, different levels pulse-like torque disturbance, viscous friction. results tabulated for comparison, in terms integrated absolute error maximum observed, RMS peak required from drive motor. In worst...

Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is a relatively new but very practical technology, which shows much promise in replacing PID as industry workhorse with unmistakable advantage performance and practicality. This paper mainly concerns problem of fundamental nature: the asymptotic stability nonlinear ADRC based system, applies to ball-beam system check presented methods ADRC. Firstly, general algorithm introduced; then asymptotical transformed into that determining whether matrix or...

There are two major control problems associated with vibrational MEMS gyroscopes: to vibrating axes (or modes) of the gyroscope, and estimate a time-varying rotation rate. This paper demonstrates how novel active disturbance rejection addresses these in presence mismatch natural frequencies between axes, mechanical-thermal noises, quadrature errors, parameter variations. A demodulation approach based on estimated dynamics system by an extended state observer is proposed The simulation...

This is a summary of presentations for the Theory vs. Practice Forum at 2004 American Control Conference. It presents an industrial view gap between theory and practice, initiates dialog to: 1) address from practitioners' perspectives; 2) help academic researchers better understand issues in engineering practice make their research more relevant; 3) practitioners gain perspective potential impact system control to practice. Suggestions next steps bridging theory-practice are given.

A new digital control solution to motion problems is proposed. It based on a unique active disturbance rejection concept, where the, disturbances are estimated using an extended state observer (ESO) and compensated in each sampling period. The dynamic compensation reduces the system approximately double integrator which can be easily controlled nonlinear proportional-derivative (PD) controller. proposed disturbance-rejection controller (ADRC) consists of ESO PD designed without explicit...

We present a differential particle swarm evolution (DPSE) algorithm which combines the basic idea of velocity and position update rules from optimization (PSO) concept mutation (DE) in new way. With goal optimizing within limited number function evaluations, is tested compared with standard PSO DE methods on 14 benchmark problems to illustrate that DPSE has potential achieve faster convergence better solution. Simulation results show that, average, outperforms by 39.20% 14.92% problems. To...

Abstract A new active disturbance rejection control-based (ADRC) scheme is proposed in this work to address the problem of tracking/rejecting periodic signals unknown and varying frequencies. The frequencies are obtained online with a dedicated adaptive estimator used real-time as partial model information an observer that reconstructs (among other things) negative influence terms on controlled output. continuously updated two-tier control action then applied compensate interference govern...

Abstract In the field of natural human–machine interaction, wearable gesture interaction technologies have received considerable attention, particularly continuous (CG) recognition. However, CG faces several challenges, including impact motion characteristics on recognition and performance that is not sufficiently robust. Traditional algorithms are highly dependent samples, thus meeting requirements low sample volume high accuracy simultaneously challenging. To address these we propose a...

Abstract Background This article presents an intelligent recognition algorithm that can recognize milling states of the otological drill by fusing multi‐sensor information. Methods An was modified addition sensors. The designed according to features process and is composed a characteristic curve, adaptive filter rule base. curve weaken impact unstable normal reserve drilling faults. capable suppressing interference in base identify faults through filtering result data. Results experiments...

10Gbps Ethernet Security Processor is very important in future network telecommunication. In order to meet the performance of ultra high throughput ESP, An architecture multiple SHA-1 IP cores paralleled based crossbar switch are proposed this paper. Firstly, throughput, low power consumption algorithm IP-core designed, then, an effective scheduling with our simulation SMIC 65nm, single core could reach 4.27Gbps frequency 400Mhz. Verification on Xilinx Virtex FPGA, 1943 slices LUTs used for...