A5101481874- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate change and permafrost
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Historical Geography and Cartography
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- Offshore Engineering and Technologies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Water Quality and Resources Studies
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction
2010-2025
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2010-2025
NOAA National Weather Service
2025
NOAA Environmental Modeling Center
2010-2024
Axiom (United States)
2023-2024
IM Systems (United States)
2013-2023
University of California, San Diego
2020
University of Colorado Boulder
2020
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2020
Florida State University
2015
The NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) was completed for the 31-yr period from 1979 to 2009, in January 2010. CFSR designed and executed as a global, high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean–land surface–sea ice system provide best estimate of state these domains over this period. current will be extended an operational, real-time product into future. New features include 1) coupling atmosphere ocean during generation 6-h guess field, 2) interactive sea model, 3) assimilation...
The second version of the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFSv2) was made operational at in March 2011. This has upgrades to nearly all aspects data assimilation and forecast model components system. A coupled reanalysis over a 32-yr period (1979–2010), which provided initial conditions carry out comprehensive reforecast 29 years (1982–2010). done obtain consistent stable calibrations, as well skill estimates for subseasonal seasonal predictions with CFSv2. implementation full system ensures...
Snow on Antarctic sea ice plays a complex and highly variable role in air‐sea‐ice interaction processes the Earth's climate system. Using data collected mostly during past 10 years, this paper reviews following topics: snow thickness type their geographical seasonal variations; grain size, density, salinity; frequency of occurrence slush; thermal conductivity, surface temperature, temperature gradients within snow; effect albedo. Major findings include large regional differences properties...
Antarctic sea ice prediction has garnered increasing attention in recent years, particularly the context of record lows February 2022 and 2023. As Antarctica becomes a climate change hotspot, as polar tourism booms, scientific expeditions continue to explore this remote continent, capacity anticipate conditions weeks months advance is demand. Spurred by studies that uncovered physical mechanisms predictability intriguing large variations observed extent Sea Ice Prediction Network South (SIPN...
Abstract The sensitivity of climatological cyclone behaviour in the southern hemisphere to reductions winter antarctic sea‐ice concentration is studies general‐circulation‐model (GMC) experiments. An increase number cyclones over most Weddell an Ross Seas a response common all cases reduction from 100%. There tendency, particularly at lower ice concentrations, for more be found latitude band about 10 15° width centered on coast, and belt fewer north. structure changes cyclogenesis assumes...
The Atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) represent horizontal wind derived by tracking the cloud or water vapor features on successive satellite images. launch of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R), including GOES-16 (GOES-East) and GOES-17 (GOES-West), significantly enhanced data volume geographic coverage over contiguous U.S. adjacent oceans. AMVs from GOES-16/17 products can augment in data-sparse areas like oceanic atmospheric rivers (ARs). However, exhibit...
Abstract Assimilation of GNSS Radio Occultation (RO) observations into numerical weather prediction models in environments with strong horizontal gradients refractivity introduces potential errors if one calculates the synthetic a forward model (operator) that is only one-dimensional. Innovations (observation minus background) from experiments calculated using RO Processing Package two-dimensional (ROPP2D) operator and background forecasts Global Forecast System (GFS) during Atmospheric...
Abstract Extreme weather events such as cold-air outbreaks (CAOs) pose great threats to human life and the socioeconomic well-being of modern society. In past, our capability predict their occurrences has been constrained by 2-week predictability limit for weather. We demonstrate here first time that a rapid increase air mass transported into polar stratosphere, referred pulse stratosphere (PULSE), can often be predicted with useful degree skill 4–6 weeks in advance operational forecast...
Abstract Conventional observations of atmospheric rivers (ARs) over the northeastern Pacific Ocean are sparse. Satellite radiances affected by presence clouds and heavy precipitation, which impact their distribution in lower atmosphere precipitating areas. The goal this study is to document a data gap existing ARs Pacific, investigate how targeted field campaign called AR Reconnaissance (AR Recon) can effectively fill gap. When reconnaissance excluded, there regions from near surface middle...
A dynamic-thermodynamic sea ice model is developed and coupled with the Melbourne University general circulation to simulate seasonal cycle of Antarctic distribution. The efficient, rapid compute, useful for a range climate studies. thermodynamic part similar that by Parkinson Washington, dynamics contain simplified rheology resists compression. thermodynamics based on energy conservation at top surface ice/snow, ice/water interface, open water area determine formation, accretion, ablation....
Abstract During a 6-day intensive observing period in January 2021, Atmospheric River Reconnaissance (AR Recon) aircraft sampled series of atmospheric rivers (ARs) over the northeastern Pacific that caused heavy precipitation coastal California and Sierra Nevada. Using these observations, data denial experiments were conducted with regional modeling assimilation system to explore impacts research flight frequency spatial resolution dropsondes on model analyses forecasts. Results indicate...
This study investigates the long‐term behaviour of thermohaline circulation (THC) in CSIRO climate model, under a scenario transient increase atmospheric (equivalent) CO 2 concentration followed by perpetual stabilisation at triple initial level (3 × ). The North Atlantic Deep Water Formation (NADWF) declines substantially and Antarctic Bottom (AABWF) essentially ceases time tripling. During subsequent millennium stable 3 , NADWF recovers slightly but AABWF shows no sign returning residual...
CR Climate Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsSpecials 16:181-201 (2001) - doi:10.3354/cr016181 Developing scenarios of climate change for Southeastern Australia: an example using regional model output P. H. Whetton*, J. Katzfey, K. Hennessy, X. Wu**, L. McGregor, Nguyen CSIRO Atmospheric Research, PB No. 1, Aspendale, Victoria 3195, Australia *E-mail: peter.whetton@dar.csiro.au...
Abstract Landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) over the western US are responsible for ∼30%–50% of annual precipitation, and their accurate forecasts essential aiding water management decisions reducing flood risks. Sparse coverage conventional observations Pacific Ocean, which can cause inadequate upstream initial conditions numerical weather prediction models, may limit improvement forecast skill these events. A targeted field program called AR Reconnaissance (Recon) was initiated in 2016...
Abstract A combination of modelling techniques is used in conjunction with the limited available observational data to examine Antarctic sea-ice changes global warming over past century. Firstly a coupled climate model forced by prescribing effect increasing greenhouse gases from last century present. Secondly GISST (U.K. Meteorological Office and sea surface temperature) dataset force an atmosphere-sea-ice compute ice Thirdly sea-surface-temperature (SST) anomalies derived are same period....