Phylogenetic analyses of ITS sequence data from 70 species and 40 genera Araliaceae (representing all major lineages within the ''core group'' family) do not support widely used traditional division into three tribes. Tribe Aralieae (characterized by imbricate petals) is found nested a paraphyletic Schefflerieae (whose taxa have valvate petals). There are, however, two large monophyletic groups comprising most araliad genera: ''Aralia-Polyscias-Pseudopanax (which in- cludes Aralia, Meryta,...

The blue penguins (genus Eudyptula) have been subjected to extensive taxonomic revision. In 1976, the genus was reduced from 2 species a single (Eudyptula minor) with 6 subspecies, based on morphometric analysis. Despite later proposed rejection of differentiation subspecies in Eudyptula minor, following analysis allozymes some populations, continued be recognised popular and scientific literature. We compared sequences 3 mitochondrial gene regions (small ribosomal subunit, cytochrome...

Phylogenetic relationships of New Zealand species Brassicaceae belonging to the South Island endemic Ischnocarpus, Iti, Notothlaspi, and Pachycladon, indigenous Cardamine, Cheesemania, Lep- idium, Rorippa were studied using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences. Results sup- port a monophyletic Notothlaspi suggest that this genus are not closely related Thlaspi, which Hooker provisionally assigned N. australe. The cosmopolitan Cardamine is paraphyletic by inclusion...

Molecular genetic analyses were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and estimate divergence times for Raukaua species their close relatives. A monophyletic group identified as the ‘greater clade’ was circumscribed, with eight representative species; its basal estimated at c. 70 Mya, possibly after Zealandia had separated from Gondwana. is paraphyletic because of placement Motherwellia, Cephalaralia, Cheirodendron Schefflera s.s. The phylogeny supports a more narrowly circumscribed...

ABSTRACT For transmission to new hosts, Yersinia pestis , the causative agent of plague, replicates as biofilm in foregut fleas that feed on plague-infected animals or humans. Y. formation has been studied rat flea; however, little is known about cat flea, a species may bridge zoonotic and anthroponotic plague cycles. Here, we show infects manner requiring hmsFR two determinants for extracellular matrix. Examining library transposon insertion mutants, identified LysR-type transcriptional...

A data-set from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene subunit of 11 Australasian lycosid species (six New Zealand and five Australian species) was generated. Three North American species, one European pisaurid (outgroup) were also sequenced. The sequence data for 16 combined with published sequences 12 lycosids, two Asian lycosids analyzed using parsimony maximum likelihood analyses. resulting phylogenetic trees reveal that largely form clades distinct Palearctic Holarctic providing further...

A revision of the New Zealand endemic Lepidium oleraceum and allied species is presented. Sixteen are recognised, 10 these new. The new segregated on basis morphological characters supported by molecular data obtained from three DNA markers (two rDNA one cpDNA). One species, castellanum sp. nov., to Kermadec Islands where it sympatric with oleraceum. North Island supports four two them, amissum nov. obtusatum, now extinct. South six that, aside banksii, flexicaule oleraceum, all confined...

Abstract Challenges to the traditional circumscription of Apiaceae and Araliaceae are emerging as a result phylogenetic analysis DNA sequences. Traditionally classified Araliaceae, Stilbocarpa emerges with Schizeilema Azorella, both members Apiaceae. In our analyses nuclear ITS sequences, these three genera comprise distinct Southern Hemisphere lineage. The humid climate, cool equable temperatures, locally abundant nutrients, absence herbivores ecological features sub‐antarctic islands that...

Glutathionylation, the formation of reversible mixed disulfides between glutathione and protein cysteine residues, is a posttranslational modification previously observed for intracellular proteins bacteria. Here we show that Yersinia pestis LcrV, secreted capping type III secretion machine, glutathionylated at Cys273 this promotes association with host ribosomal S3 (RPS3), moderates Y. effector transport killing macrophages, enhances bubonic plague pathogenesis in mice rats. Secreted LcrV...

Abstract The phylogeny of Brassaiopsis (Araliaceae), a morphologically diverse and widely distributed genus in Asia, was estimated based on sequences the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) 5S nontranscribed (5S-NTS) nuclear ribosomal DNA. Two main paralogous copies 5S-NTS were found for but both not recovered all species. All one species represented by (copy 1). Separate parsimony analyses ITS 1) generated largely congruent topologies, several precluded data combination. A sister...

Abstract Sequence data from a portion of the Granule­Bound Starch Synthase I (GBSSI) gene or waxy, were used to infer phylogeny core Asian Araliaceae clade. The amplified region included exons 10 and 11 together with intervening intron. level intrageneric variation was low (~2%) relative that among genera (4­5%). Two main paralogous copies waxy revealed by sequencing cloned PCR products for Oreopanax floribundum , O. capitatus Tetrapanax papyrifer Schefflera delavayi which might be result...

Abstract The amphibian fauna of New Zealand consists three native species ( Leiopelma spp.), and Litoria introduced from Australia in the last 140 years. We conducted a molecular phylogeographical study that aimed to identify Australian origins two species, aurea raniformis . used partial sequences mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I cox1 ) gene 59 specimens sampled across range both probable source populations for introductions, describe current genetic diversity among populations. Our data...

Abstract Nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences are used in phylogenetic analyses to assess relationships of the Chilean Pseudopanax laetevirens. Close relatives P. laetevirens gunnii, an endemic Tasmania, Raukaua species from New Zealand, and Cheirodendron tryginum Hawai'i. Analyses suggest that is sister gunnii. The current distribution these taxa may be consistent with movement continental plates during late Eocene or early Miocene. have had a southern origin result Of long distance dispersa1 northwest.

Abstract Species within the Pachycladon complex (Cheesemania fastigiata, C. sp., stellata, wallii, latisiliqua, novae‐zelandiae, Ischnocarpus and I. exilis) have limited dispersal ability, exist in small isolated sparsely distributed populations, a predominantly selfing breeding system with low pollen‐ovule ratios. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used to characterise genetic diversity complex. A binary matrix of 749 AFLP characters generated for analyses, which 739 (98.66%)...

Areté Associates recently developed and flight tested a next-generation low-latency near real-time dust-penetrating (DUSPEN) imaging lidar system. These tests were accomplished for Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) Aircraft Division (AD) 4.5.6 (EO/IR Sensor Division) under the Office of Research (ONR) Future Capability (FNC) Helicopter Low-Level Operations (HELO) Product 2 program. Areté's DUSPEN system captures full waveforms uses sophisticated detection filtering algorithms to discriminate...

Background: Patient-reported allergies have been shown to be a risk factor for poor surgical outcomes in variety of orthopedic procedures. The relationship between patient-reported and carpal tunnel surgery remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective electronic medical chart review was conducted on 390 patients who underwent primary releases, without concomitant procedures, completed preoperative postoperative Quick Disabilities Arm, Shoulder, Hand or Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation scores,...

Abstract Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to generate informative DNA fingerprints from Magnolia denudata, M. liliiflora, and putative cultivars of their hybrid cross, i.e., × soulangeana, soulangeana ’Lennei’, ’Rustica Rubra’, ’Alba’, Huby’, ’San Jose’. A single specimen unknown origin representatives the closely related campbellii stellata were also included in analysis. We show how this method may be for distinguishing among cultivars.

Background The use of technology within education and mental health provision has progressed significantly over recent years opportunities for integrated to utilise enhance young people’s learning psychological wellbeing are on the rise. Access been found be a protective factor people in forensic populations, whereas lack engagement can risk offending. is also evolving settings may support therapeutic interventions. Objective current paper offers feedback from staff Secure Children’s Home...